GENEALOG
941.9501
C8134J
1896
PERIODICALS RECEIVED
MAY U h J992
Allen County Public Libraiy
GENEALOGY DEPARTMENT
JOURNAL
OF THE
Cork Historical & Archaeological
Society.
VOLUME II. SECOND SERIES.
1896.
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2014
https://archive.org/details/journalofcorkhis22cork
Cork : Guy &■ Co. Ltd , P?inters and Publishers, 70 Patrick Street.
CONTENTS VOL. II.
[second series.]
Contributefc papers*
PAGE
First Musketry Cavalry. Notes from the Orderly Book of the First
Troop of the Muskerry Legion of Yeomanry Cavalry, 1796, with
reduced facsimile of page of Orderly Book. Robert Day, f.s.a.,
pres. ........ 1
The Rise and Progress in Munster of the Rebellion, 1642, with Illus-
tration. (From a Manuscript in the British Museum.) Edited by
Herbert Webb Gillman, b.l., vice-pres. - - - -11,63
Part ii. of the Sloane Manuscript. A True Relation of certain particular
passages between His Majesty's Army and the Rebels in the Province
of Munster - - - - - - - 68
Notes from the Council Book of Clonakilty — Municipal Records of
Clonakilty, 1675 to 1802. Collected by Dorothea Townshend.
30, 79, 129, 172, 220, 27O, 320
Cork M.P.'s, 1559-1800. Being a Biographical Dictionary of the Mem-
bers of Parliament for the City, the County, and the Boroughs of
the County of Cork, from the earliest Returns to the Union.
C. M. Tenison, b.l.. m.r.i.a. - - 37, 136, 178, 225, 274, 323, 368
PAGE PAGE
Morres, Lodge Evans (afterwards MacCarthy, Owen - - 39
Lord Frankfort) - - 37 McDonnell, Charles - - 39
Morris, Abraham - - 37 Nagle, David - - - 39
Morris, Jonas - - - 37 Nagle, Sir Richard, knt. - 39
Morris, Samuel - - ■ 37 Newenham, Thomas - - 39
Murrough (or Morrogh), Andrew 37 Norris, Sir John, knt. - - 40
MacCarthy, Charles - - 38 Nugent, Major-General George
MacCarthy (Reagh), Daniel - 38 (afterwards Sir George Nugent,
MacCarthy, Daniel, "Fion" - 38 bart.) - - - - 40
MacCarthy, Sir Donough, knt. O'Brien, Donogh - - 40
(afterwards Viscount Muskerry O'Brien, Hon. James - - 40
and Earl of Clancarty) - 38 O'Callaghan, Hon. Sir Robert
MacCarthy, Dermot - - 38 William - - - 40
MacCarthy, Justin (afterwards ti- O'Donovan, Daniel (The O'Dono-
tular Viscount Mountcashell) - 38 van) .... 136
vi.
CONTENTS.
Cork M.P.'s — could.
PAGE
O'Donovan, Daniel (or Donnell) - 1 36
O'Donovan, Jeremiah - - 136
Oliver, Charles - - 130
Oliver, Robert - 137
O'Neill, Charles - - 137
Orde, The Right Hon. Thomas
(afterwards Cord Bolton) - j 37
Ormsby, John - - 137
Palmes, Lieut-General Francis - 137
Parker, Brigadier-General Gervais 137
Parker, Matthew - - 138
Peere, Lott - 138
Perceval, Sir John, bail. - - 138
Perceval, Sir John, bait, (after-
wards Earl of Egmont) - - 138
Petty, Henry (afterwards Earl of
Shelburne) - 138
Petty, Sir William, knt. - - 139
Phillips, William - - - 139
Pierce (or Piers), Henry - C39
Pigot, Emanuel - " - - 139
Pigott, Thomas - - - 139
Pomfreide (or Pomfret), John - 178
Ponsonby, Richard - - 178
Ponsonby, William (Brabazon),
(afterwards Lord Ponsonby) - 178
Ponsonby, William (afterwards Sir
William) - - - 178
Pooley, Robert - - - 178
Pooley, Thomas - - - 1 79
Portyngall, John - - 179
Powell, Edmond - - - 179
Power, John - - - 179
Prittie, Francis Aid borough - 179
Prendergast, Thomas - - 179
Price, Cromwell - - - 1 79
Purdon, Bartholomew - - 180
Purdon, Henry - - - 180
Purdon, Sir Nicholas - - 180
Read, John - - - 180
Richardson, Edward - - 180
Riggs, Edward - . - 180
Roche, David FitzThomas, knt. - 180
Roche, Alderman Dominick - 181
Roche, Dominick - - - 181
Roche, James - - - 181
Roche, James - - - 181
Roche, Patrick - - - 181
Roche, Philip - - 181
Roche, Philip - - - 225
Roche, Redmond - - - 225
Rochford, Robert - - 225
Rogers, George - - - 225
Rogers, Alderman Robert - 225
Ronaine, Alderman Theobald - 225
Rowley, Samuel Campbell - 226
Rowley, William - - - 226
Rugg, Henry - - - 226
St. George, Richard - - 226
St. Leger, Arthur (afterwards Vis-
count Doneraile) - 227, 409
St. Leger, Hon. Arthur (afterwards
second Viscount Doneraile) - 227
St. Leger, Hon. Barry Boyle - 227
PAGE
St. Leger, Hon. Hayes - - 227
St. Leger, Hayes (afterwards
\ LSCOUnl Doneraile) - - 227
St. Leger, Hayward - 227
St. Leger, John - - 274
St. Leger, Sir John, knt. - 274
St. Leger, John - - 274
St. Leger, Hon. Richard - - 274
St. Leger, St. Leger (formerly St.
Leger Aldworlh, and afterwards
Viscount Doneraile) - - 274
St. Leger, Sir William, knt. - 275
Sarsfield, Thomas - - 275
Sarsfield, Sir William, knt. - 275
Sheares, Henry - - 276
Sheridan, Charles Francis - - 276
Silver, John - - 276
Silver, Owen - - - 276
Skipwith, Edward - - 276
Slingsby, Sir Francis - - 276
Smith, Boyle - - - 277
Sonkeston, Sir Roger - - 277
Southwell, Edward - - 277
Southwell, Edward (afterwards
Lord Clifford or de Clifford) - 277
Southwell, William - 323
Stannard, Eaton - - - 323
vStaunton, Miles (Sir Miles, knt, qy) 323
Stawell, Anthony - - - 323
Stawell, Jonas - - 324
Stawell, Jonas - - - 324
Sudley, Lord (Arthur Gore), (after-
wards Earl of Arran) - - 324
Tonson, Richard - - - 324
Tonson, William (formerly William
Hall, and afterwards Lord
Riversdale) - - - 324
Townsend, Bryan - - - 325
Townsend, John - - - 325
Townsend, Richard . - - 325
Townsend, Richard - - 325
Travers, James - - - 325
Travers, Sir Robert, knt. - - 325
Tynte, Sir Henry - - 326
Tynte, James - - - 326
Tyrry, David - - - 326
Tyrry, Edmond - - - 326
Uniacke, James - - - 326
Uniacke, Robert - - - 368
Uniacke, Alderman Thomas - 368
Vesey, Agmondesham - - 368
Waller, James - - - 368
Waller, John - - - 369
Walshe, John - - - 369
Ware, Sir James, knt. - - 369
Warren, Augustus (afterwards bart. ) 369
Warren, Thomas - - - 369
Webber, Edward - - 370
Wenman, Sir Thomas - - 370
Wentworth, Sir George, knt. - 370
Wiseman, William - - 370
Wood, Attiwell - - - 371
Woodward, Benjamin Blake - 371
CONTENTS.
vii.
PAGE
Extracts from Old Minute Book of Duhallow Hunt, 1800 to 1808.
Copied by Major James Grove- White, j.p. - - - 49
The Sacred Tree of Clenor, with Illustration. James Byrne, m.r.s.a. 59
An Historical Account of the Dominicans of Cork, from 1229, the
year of their first foundation in the City, to our own times, with
Portraits. Rev. James A. Dwyer, o.p. - - - 97
Chap. vi. Great and Good Men - 97 Conclusion - - - ill
A Chapter on Posies. Robert Day, f.s.a., pres. - - - 112
Around Cork with Pen and Pencil — Armorial Stone in Blarney Street,
with Illustration. J. P. D. - - - - - 122
Some Bishops of Cloyne. Very Rev. Horace T. Fleming, d.d., Dean
of Cloyne. - - - - - - - 125
The Old Countess. M. T. Kelly. - - - - - 145
Souterrain at Deelish, county Cork, with Plan and Illustration. H. F.
Webb Gillman, i.c.s. - - - - - 153
The Folk-Lore of the Months. Mananaan Mac Lir, - - 157, 316, 365
April - - - - 157 June - - -365
May - - - - 316
County Cork Celebrities — Johnny Roche, with Portrait. J. W. B. - 160
Round About the Walls of Cork. John FitzGerald. - - - 168
Muskerry Yeomanry, co. Cork, and their Times, with Illustrations.
Herbert Webb Gillman, b.l., vice-pres. - - - 193, 241
Parti., 1796-1799- - -193' Partii., 1823-1827 & 1S43-4- 241
The MacFinnin MacCarthys of Ardtully. Randal MacFinnin Mac-
Carthy. - - - - - - 210
The Climate of Cork. William Miller. - - - -214,267
The Old Cistercian Abbeys in the Diocese of Cashel and Emly, with
Illustrations. Rev. R. H. Long. - - - - 250
Kanturk Castle, county Cork, with Illustration. M. T. Kelly. 257
Medals, with Illustrations. Robert Day, f.s.a. - - - 260
The Silver Medal of the Royal Irish Constabulary - - - 260
Silver Medal of the Loyal Cork Volunteers of 1796 - - - 262
Round Walled Cork from across the River. John FitzGerald, - 263
Rebellion 164 1-2 described in a Letter of Rev. Urban Vigors to Rev.
Henry Jones, with a Note of Officers engaged at the Battle of
Liscarroll. Contributed by Col. Philip D. Vigors, f.r.s.a., j.p. - 289
Caherconlish. Rev. J. F. Lynch. - 307, 345, 385, 443, 467
Blarney Castle, County Cork: Double Structure of its Keep, with
Plan and Illustration. Cecil Crawford Woods, f.r.s.a. - - 337
The Divisions of South Munster during the Tudor Period. W. Butler. 360
The Tomb of an Irish Soldier of Fortune, with Illustration. M.
Eckardt, Thierfeld, Saxony - - - - - 377
Vlll. CONTENTS.
Some Prehistoric Remains still existing in the Parish of Donoughmore,
Diocese of Cloyne, County Cork. Letter from Ven. Archdeacon
John Quarry, d.d., to the President - 381
Philip O'Sullivan Bear: Soldier, Poet, and Historian, with "Com-
pendium of the Catholic History of Ireland," translated from
the Latin. Mathcw J. Byrne. - - 392, 423, 457, 516
Tome 11. Book iv. On the various Vicissitudes of Ireland under
Elizabeth . - - • ■ - 457
Chapter i. General Sketch of the Tyranny of Elizabeth and Distrac-
tions of Ireland ..... 458
Chapter ii. The Memorable Martyrdom of John T ravers, D.D. -459
Chapter iii. The Remarkable Vicissitudes of John O'Nell (O'Neill),
Prince of Tyrone, most worth Recording - - 459
Chapter iv. On the Earl of Clanricarde .... 462
Chapter v. On the O'Morres (O'Moores) and the O'Conchurs (O'Con-
nors) of Ophaly (Offaly) .... - 462
Chapter vi. Tyranny of Cosby, an Englishman - - - 463
Chapter vii. On Cathal O'Connor Macfort, an Englishman, and an
instance of English Treachery - - 464
Chapter viii. The Geraldines (Fitzgeralds) of Mamonia (Munster) - 464
Chapter ix. War of McCarthy and Earl Desmond — James Fitzgerald
sails for Spain - - - - - - 516
Chapter x. Richard, Primate of Ireland, a Famous Hero - -517
Chapter xi. Patrick O'Hely (O'Healy), Bishop of Mayo, and his Com-
rade, Connatius O'Ruarke, Franciscans and famous
martyrs - - - - - -518
Chapter xii. On Miler (Magrath), Pseudo- Archbishop of Cashel - 520
Chapter xiii. Thomas O'Hierlatha (O'Herlihy), Bishop of Ross, an
Illustrious Man -' - - - - 521
Chapter xiv. Insurrections in Leinster ----- 522
A Glance at the Earlier Antiquities of the County of Louth, with
Sketch Map. Major-General F. W. Stubbs. - - 398
Inscriptions on Stone or Metal - 400 Of Buildings - - - 406
Earthworks - - - 402 Manufactured Articles - 407
Structures of Stone - - 405
The Problem of the Souterrains. Some in County Cork Described,
with Illustration and Plan. Herbert Webb Gillman, b.l.,
vice-pres. - - - - - - 417
Kilberehert Rath Souterrain - 417 Garranes Rath Souterrain - 420
Journal of Mr. Samuel Reily, when he and Mr. Peter Maguire, Wine
Merchant of Cork, were taken by the Rebels, while proceeding
to Dublin by the Royal Mail Coach in September, 1798. - 428
The Condons of Cloghleigh, Barony of Condons and Clongibbons,
with Illustration. P. Raymond. - - - 477, 509
The Made Grounds of Cork City. John FitzGerald. - - 485
Blessed Thaddeus McCarthy, bishop of Cork and Cloyne, 1490-92,
with Illustrations. Rev. P. Hurley $ p.p. - - - 497
The Synans of Doneraile. Mananaan Mac Lir - - - 523
CONTENTS.
ix.
Motes anfc Swedes.
PAGE
Rpv FT F Rnhv
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529
f^ahprncirrv
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i_,opy 01 an H/piiapn in r cuaiiiurc v^niuciiyaru,
pfinntv T.impnpl? -
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G. M. L.
4U9
^/(JlK J? dilllllcb - - - - -
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loo
f nimnfTri _ _ _ _
T? nhprt" Flciv p c a
ivuuci 1 i-ȣty, r.o.A.
490
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T~inhcillr»\x7 T-Tn n f _ -
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i\uuC/i i. ivtiy, r.o.iv.
1 40
il/lKOn JDaSUlKc - -
233
J? la^iIlcilLa -----
ivcv. j . j? . i^yncn
140
TTr»rcp TViJ nm ncrc with Tl In c / /Vl v>
11U1 A 1 clLJ LM lltio, Wltll Ali-llJlf l&ulUfb
T? r»hpi*f l~)a\7 i? q a
lxuucit -L'o.y, r.o.A.
534
jonn i erry, ijinen L/raper
234
T Vanarhan Thnmncnn ^dtn relief"
j. Vd.ugua.ii l iiuiiipauu, iidLUianaL
R. W.
43
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ixev. j . r , .L/yncn
327
T Aff^rc (rr\m f~lpnpt*cil \A7nchIncrfon t n T?pnhpn
i-jCLlCIa ilUIll VJCllClctl VV rtolllllgHJll LU IVCUUCU
rxalvcyj £L/b(_[., Ul \_/UIK
°9
T ipn f-Ann nf-Onlnnpl TVTirhripl Svncp
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" Brpvinfrir "
1->1C V IclLVJl
44
T nral Fnl V- T nrp -
Tnmpc t~irpnp Ticii*r\7
jciiiico \_11c11c iJciiiy
45 1
Loftus ------
Robert Day, f.s.a.
/i n t
4y 1
Ludden -
James Grene Barry
45 2
McCartie of Clidane
" Breviator "
44
Minerva Rooms, Cork -
William Callaghan
44
Motion of the Earth near Charleville, 1697
J. Buckley
9i
Nixon ------
A. R.
37i
Notes on the Council Book of Clonakilty
H. D. Connor
278
Old Dan, with Portrait
V. W. B.
235
Order of the Friendly Brothers of St. Patrick -
" Old Cork"
143
Phelam O'Connor, of Kerry -
" Breviator "
44
Philip "Ash"
j>
44
Posies ------
Robert Day, f.s.a.
235
Posy Rings -----
37i
X.
CONTENTS.
J'AOE
Purcell
C. O'K. Smith
92
Rathlenn
Rev. John Lyons, p.p.
449
Rev. Joseph Synge
" Breviator"
44
Sir Henry Browne-I I ayes
G. B. Barton
492
Some Old Names
Rev. J. F. Lynch
Some Stray Notes
)?
42, 88
Springmount - ...
" Breviator "
44
Temple Michael
Rev. J. F. Lynch
408
The Legend of Birdhill
186
The Rise and Progress in Munster of the
Rebellion, 1642 ....
J. Grove White
140
" The Sportsman in Ireland " -
Robert Day, f.s.a
327
Vosterburgh - -
491
CONTENTS.
xi.
flMscellaneous* .
PAGE
Original Documents —
Index Testamentorium olim in Registro Corcagiae (1600-1802) 44, 93, 143,
189, 239, 280, 329, 372, 411, 453, 455, 493, 535,
Supplementary Index ([802 to 1833) 191, 236, 331, 375, 411, 414,
454, 496, 535
Proceedings of the Society —
Conversazione of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society
and Cork Naturalists' Field Club - - - - 182
The Rude Stone Monuments of this and other Lands. Lecture
by Dr. Ringrose Atkins - - - - - 185
Fourth Annual General Meeting - - - - - 228
Index to the Cork Marriages from a.d. 1623 to 1750 - 229
Documents and Articles lent to the Society - - - 229
Exhibits by Mr. Robert Day, f.s a. - - - - 229
Early Copper Celts - - - - 229
Finger Ring of O'Brien, the Irish Giant, with Illustration 230
Medal of the Irish Volunteers, with Illustration - 231
Exhibits by Rev. J. W. Hopkins — African Fetishes - - 233
Reviews of Books —
"Eddies." By T. H. Wright 47
" Chapters in an Adventurous Life—Sir Richard Church in Italy
and Greece." By E. M. Church - - - 192
" An Octogenarian Literary Life — The Autobiography of James
Roderick O'Flanagan, b.l., m.r.i.a." - - - 376
Necrology —
Richard Barter, Sculptor - ----- 85
Local Poetry —
The Wild Goose — The Irish Cavalier, 1690. Horace Townshend 278
Cremona, 1740. Horace Townshend ....
Index to Marriage Licence Bonds of the Diocese of Cork and Ross,
Ireland, for the years from 1623 to 1750. Preserved in the Public
Record Office of Ireland. Copied, with the permission of the
Master of the Rolls, from the Index prepared in the Public Record
Office, by Herbert Webb Gillman, b.l., j.p., vice-pres. (Separate
pagination^ commencing in August number).
Zhc Cork Ifoistorical & Hrcbaeolooical Society
Ipresioent :
Robert Day, J.P., F.S.A., M.R.I. A., F.R.S.A.
Wice^ipresiDent :
Herbert Webb Gillman, B.A., J. P., B.L
1foon. {Treasurer:
Thomas Farrington, M.A., F.C.S., F.I.C
M.R.S.A.
T.C.
tfon. Secretaries:
Denham Franklin, J. P., T.C, 74, South Mall, Cork. John O'Mahony, M.R.S.A, Dublin.
Francis W. Allman.
Wm. Ringrose Atkins, F.C.A., M.R.S.A.
Very Rev. R. L. Browne, O.S.F., M.R.S.A.
T. J. Clanchy, J. P.
W. A. Copinger, B.L., LL.D., F.S.A., F.R.S.A
Thomas Crosbie, F.J.I.
Henry Dale, Aid., J. P.
John Paul Dalton.
C. G. Doran, Architect, etc.
Rev. James A. Dwyer, O.P.
John Fitzgerald.
Council ;
M. J. Fitzgerald, B.L., Ballykenally.
Arthur Hill, B.E., M.R.I.A., F.R.S.A.
Rev. P. Hurley, P.P., M.R.S.A., Inchigeela.
Miss H. A. Martin, M.R.C.P.
Rev. Canon Courtenay Moore, M. A., M.R.S.A.
George M. Moore, M.R.S.A.
Very Rev. J. Canon Murphy, D.D., M.R.S.A
Henry L. Tivy, M.R.S.A.
Robert Walker, J.P., A.M.I.C.E., P.P.S.A.
Rev. W. Whitelegge, M.A.
Cecil C. Woods, F.R.S.A.
Boitina ano Revising Committee :
Robert Day, J. P. (President); Herbert W. Gillman, J. P. (Vice-President)', William Ringrose Atkins (Council Member);
W. A. Copinger, LL.D. (Council Member) ; Rev. James A. Dwyer, O.P '. (Council Member); John Paul Dalton (Council
Member); Denham Franklin, T.P. (Secretary).
NOTE.— The Council wish it to be distinctly understood that they do not hold themselves responsible for the
statements and opinions contained in the Papers read at the Meetings of the Society, and printed in this Journal.
All MSS. submitted to Committee for publication must be legibly written, on one side of paper, and sent to the Hon.
Secretary, D. Franklin, Esq., 74, South Mall, Cork.
baronial 1bon. Secretaries:
Imokilly
Bantry
Barretts
Barrymore
Bear
Carbery East
West
Condons and
gibbon
Cork
Coureeys
Duhallow
Fermoy
Ibane and Barryroe
Rev. J. C. Buckley, P.P., Mourne
Abbey, Mallow.
Rev. Edmond Barry, P.P., M.R.I. A.,
F.R.S.A., Rathcormac.
Clon-
Rev. Canon Courtenay Moore, M.A.,
M.R.S.A., Mitchelstown.
K. B. Williams, Brookside, Mallow.
James Byrne, J.P., M.R.S.A., Walls-
town Castle, Mallow.
Kerryeurrihy
Kinalea
Kinalmeaky
Kinnataloon
Kinsale
Muskerry East
Very Rev. Horace T. Fleming, D.D.,
M.R.S.A., The Deanery, Cloyne.
Charles Ronayne, M. D. , South Abbey,
Youghal.
Rev. Canon J. R. Brougham, M.A.,
Monkstown.
Rev. J. H. Cole, Innishannon.
Rev. M. Fleming, St. Patrick's, Upton.
Rev. John W. Hopkins, B.A.,
M.R.S.A., Conna.
H. W. Gillman, Rev. H. E. Ruby,
and R. Crooke.
Muskerry West .. Rev. P. Hurley, P.P., M.R.S.A.,
Inchigeela.
Orrery and Kilmore C. J. Miller, Charleville.
RULES.
1. — The Society shall be called "The Cork Historical and
Archaeological Society."
2. — The objects of the Society shall be the collection, pre-
servation, and diffusion of all available information regarding
the past of the City and County of Cork, and to provide for the
keeping of a record of local current events.
3. — The Society shall be governed by a Council, consisting of
a President, two Vice-Presidents, an Hon. Treasurer, Hon.
Secretary, and not more than twenty-four other members, to be
elected annually at the Annual General Meeting of the Society.
4. — On a vacancy occurring in the office of President, or other
office of the Society, or in the Council, the Council shall have the
power to fill such vacancy until the following Annual Meeting.
5- — Candidates for membership shall be proposed by a member,
seconded by another member, and submitted to the Council for
election.
6. — The Annual Subscription shall be 7s. 6d., payable in
advance, and shall be due on each January 1st.
7. — Members whose subscriptions are in arrear for more than
one year shall be removed from the Society's roll, but may be
reinstated by the Council at their discretion.
8. — Members shall be entitled to receive all the ordinary
publications of the Society free ; and they shall also be entitled
to receive all special issues of the Society at such subscription
price as may be determined by the Council. The publications
of the Society shall not be supplied to Members whose
subscriptions are in arrear for more than three Numbers.
9. — The Society shall meet in the Library of the Cork School
of Art, or in such other place, and at such time as the Council
may from time to time determine, for the purpose of hearing
some paper or papers upon matters connected with the objects
and purposes of the Society. Such papers may afterwards be
printed in the Journal of the Society, according to the discretion
of the Council.
10. — Each Member shall be entitled to introduce one visitor
at any of the ordinary meetings of the Society.
11. — The Annual General Meeting of the Society, to receive
the Report of the Council and Statement of Accounts, to elect
Officers and Council, and to consider amendments to the Rules,
of which due notice shall have been given, shall be held at such
time and place as the Council may determine.
12. — An account of the receipts and disbursements, assets, and
liabilities, duly audited and made up to the 31st day of Decem-
ber of the previous year, shall be laid before the Annnal
Meeting.
13. — Two Auditors shall be appointed annually by the Society
at the Annual General Meeting.
14. — The Rules shall not be altered, except at the Annual
General Meeting of the Society, or at an Extraordinary Meeting
specially summoned by the Council, or upon the signed requisi-
tion of ten Members of the Society for that purpose. Notice
of any proposed alteration of the Rules shall be made in Avriting
and sent to the Hon. Secretary not less than one month preced
ing the meeting at which it is to be proposed.
xiv.
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY
ROLL OF MEMBERS, 1896.
Elected
1893 Addicks, J. E. C. O'Sullivan, 247, Fifth
Avenue, New York, U.S.A.
1892 Advocates Library, Edinburgh.
1 89 1 Alcock, A. M., M.D., Innishannon.
1892 Alcock-Stawell, Col. William St. Leger, D.L.,
Kilbrittan Castle, co. Cork.
1892 Alcorn, Rev. EL, A.K., Farahy Rectory, Castle-
tow nroche.
1 891 Allman, Francis W., Rath Lee, Sunday's Well,
Cork.
1892 Andrews, Joseph, 85, Sunday's Well Road,Cork.
1894 Archdall, Very Rev. Dean, D.D., the Deanery,
Cork.
1896 Armstrong, G. A., c.e., Ardnacarrig, Bandon
1 89 1 Atkins, William Ringrose, F.C.A., M.R.S.A.,
39, South Mall, Cork.
1892 Atkinson, George M., m.r.i.a., m.r.S.A., 28,
St. Oswald's Road, Fulham, London, S.W.
1891 Attridge, Thomas EL, 17, South Terrace, Cork.
1895 Avondhue Club, Walker's Row, Fermoy.
1896 Bandon, Countess of, Castle Bernard, Bandon.
1896 Bandon Town Hall News Room
1892 Bannister, William, j.p., Victoria Lodge,
Victoria Cross, Cork.
1895 Barrett, John, Neville's Terrace, Macroom.
1892 Barry, James Grene, J.P., M.R.S.A., 90, George
Street, Limerick.
1S92 Barry, John Harold, J,P., D.L., Ballyvonare,
Buttevant.
1892 Barry, M. J., Montpellier Terrace, Summerhill,
Cork.
1S92 Barry, Rev. Edmond, p.p., m.r.i.a., f.r.s.a.,
Rathcormac, co. Cork.
1 89 1 Barry, Richard, 14, Mardyke, Cork.
1895 Barry, William J., 6, Nile Street, Cork.
1892 Barter, Richard, J. P., St. Anne's Hill, Cork.
1895 Barter, T. J., 92, Patrick Street, Cork.
1892 Beale, George Cotter, Elmgrove, Ballyhooly
Road, Cork.
1892 Beamish, Capt. Richard Pigott, D.L., Ash-
bourne, Glounthaune, Cork.
1892 Beamish, F. J.,j.p., Lettercollum,Timoleague.
1892 Beamish, R. H. , Ashbourne, Glounthaune, Cork.
1892 Beamish, W. H., 8, The Crescent, Queens-
town.
1892 Bennett, Charles A., Glenorchy, Tasmania.
1892 Bennett, George, B.L., Bandon, Coos Co.,
Oregon.
1891 Bennett, Joseph H., solr., m.r.s.a., Warren's
Place, Cork.
1892 Berry, H. F., m.a., t.c.d., b.l., 60, More-
hampton Road, Dublin.
1892 Bigger, Francis Joseph, m.r.i.a., m.r.s.a.,
Ardrie, Belfast.
1892 Binchy, William P., Charleville.
Elected
1892 Bodleian Library, Oxford.
1892 Brady, Rev. James, Dunmanway.
1892 Brenan, James, R.H.A., m.r.i.a., m.r.s.a.
8, Palmerston Road, Rathmines, Dublin.
1892 Brennan, Francis, 83, Patrick Street, Cork.
1892 British Museum Library, Copyright Office,
Bloomsbury, London.
1892 Brougham, Rev. Canon John R., m.a , Monks-
town, Cork.
1891 Browne, Very Rev. R. L., O.S.F., M.R.S.A.,
Franciscan Convent, Cork.
1892 Buckley, James, solr., Granard co. Longford.
1892 Buckley, M. P., j.p., 17, South Mall, Cork.
1892 Burke, Rev. John, c.c, Glandore, co. Cork.
1892 Burke, Rev. Br. J. D., Lady's Mount, Cork.
1892 Burke, William Evans, C.E., Shamrock Lodge,
Douglas, Cork.
1894 Burtchaell,G. D., m.a., ll.b., m.r.i.a., f r.s a.,
b.l., 7, Stephen's Green, Dublin.
1895 Butler, Prof. W. F., m.a., Queen's College,
Cork.
1892 Byrne, James, J. P., m.r.s.a., Wallstown Castle,
Mallow-
1896 Byrne, Matthew J., Listowel.
1892 Callaghan, Rev. T., San Mateo, California,
U.S.A.
1895 Callaghan, Wm. A., Hose, Melton Mowbray
1892 Canty, T. J., J. p., The Square, Clonakilty.
1892 Carnegie, J. D., j.p., 11, Prince of Wales
Terrace, Bray, co. Wicklow.
1892 Carrigan, Rev. William, c.c. , m.r.s.a., Tem-
pleorum, Piltown, co. Kilkenny.
1891 Carroll, J. H., 80, South Mall, Cork.
1892 Carroll, J. T., 5, Copthall Buildings, Throg-
morton Street, London, E. C.
1894 Carver, Rev. John, p.p., Castletownroche.
1894 Casey, Henry J. P., 20, St. Patrick's Hill. Cork.
1895 Cashman, Rev. Thomas F, 658, Jackson Boule-
vard, Chicago, 111., U.S.A.
1892 Castletown, Right Hon. Lord, of Upper
Ossery, j.p., D.L., f.r.s.a., Doneraile Court,
co. Cork.
1 895 Cavanagh, Very Rev. M. A. , O. S. F. , Franciscan
Convent, Drogheda.
1896 Cavanagh, Michael, 1 159, Fourth Street,
N.E. Washington City, Dist. Columbia,
U.S.A.
1894 Charles, Professor J. J., m.a., d.sc, m.d.,
f.r.s.e., f.r.u.i., 1, Alexandra Place, Cork.
1891 Clanchy,T. J., J.P., Sunville, St. Luke's, Cork.
1892 Clarke, Arthur, solr., 48, South Mall, Cork,
1892 Cleburne, William, 25, West 1st South Street
Salt Lake City, U.S.A.
1892 Clery, J. W., j.p., Westboro' House, Middle
Glanmire Road, Cork.
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY
XV.
Elected . v .
1892 Clery and Co., (T. Hanley, Librarian), Lower
Sackville Street, Dublin.
1893 Coakley, D. J., c.e., Charlotte Quay, Cork.
1892 Cockle, Rev. F. T.,M.A.,The Rectory, Rivers-
town, co. Sligo.
1892 Cochrane, Robert, C.E., F.S.A., f.r.i.b.a.,
m.r.i. a., f.r.s.a., 17, Highfield Road,
Rathgar, co. Dublin.
1892 Coffey, Most Rev. John, D.D., Lord Bishop of
Kerry, The Palace, Killarney.
1892 Cole, Rev. J H., b.a,, m.r.s.a., Tower View,
Innishannon.
1891 Coleman, Jas.,H.M.C, m.r.s.a., 11 Manchester
Street, Southampton.
1892 Concannon, John, d.i.R.i.c, 11, Garville
Avenue, Rathgar, Dublin.
1894 Conner, H. D., M.A., B.L., 16, Fitzwilliam
Place, Dublin.
1895 Conner, Philip S. P., Octorara, Rowlandsville,
Maryland, U.S.A.
1896 Cooke, George, 14, Hornsey Rise, London, N.
1892 Cooke, John, m.a., f.r.s a., 66, Morehampton
Road, Dublin.
1892 Cooper, Anderson, J. P., m.r.s.a., Weston,
Queenstown.
1892 Copinger, W. A., ll.d., b.l., f.s.a. (Eng.),
f.r.s.a. (Irel.), The Priory, Manchester.
1892 Coppinger Valentine J., b.l., 5, Pembroke
Road, Dublin.
1896 Corby, Henry, m.d., 19, St. Patrick's Place,
Cork,
1892 Corker, W. H., solr., m.r.s.a., 52, Grand
Parade, Cork.
1892 Cornwall, J. T., 59, South Mall, Cork.
1892 Cotter, James, Killorglin, Kerry
1893 Colter, John. Clerk of Union,Workhouse, Cork.
1892 Crawford, A. F. Sharman, J.P., Lota Lodge,
Glanmire, Cork.
1893 Creaghe, Philip Crampton, R.M., m.r.i. A.,
m.r.s.a., Ballymena, co. Antrim.
1895 Creedon, Denis, jun., Fermoy.
1895 Crofts, Ernest, a.r.a., 45, Grove End Road,
London, N.W.
1892 Crofts, J., m.d., Surgeon-Major, A. M.S.,
Jhalrapatan, Rajputana, India.
1892 Crooke, Evans, Oldtown, Coachford.
1892 Crooke, Richard, Aghavrin House, Coachford.
1891 Crosbie, Thomas, F.J.I., Lee Bank, Sunday's
Well Road, Cork.
1892 Crossle, Francis C, M.B., The Chestnuts,
Newry, co. Down.
1894 Cullinan, H.C.,ll.b., f.r.s.a., 7, St. Stephen's
Green, Dublin.
1 89 1 Cummins. Mrs. Ashley, 17, St. Patrick's Place,
Cork.
1892 Currey, Francis E., J.P., Mall House, Lismore.
1891 Dalton,.J. P., 63, Grand Parade, Cork.
1894 DalY> John, 11, Great George's Street, Cork.
1892 Daly, Michael Condon, 2, Patrick Street,
Cork.
1891 Daly, M. D., J. P., Cleve Hill, Cork.
1892 Darling, Rev. J. Lindsey, m.a., The Rectory,
Kingstown.
1892 Day, John, 31, Rockspring, St. Lukes's, Cork.
1892 Day, Mrs, Oaklodge, BalJintemple, Cork.
1891 Day, Robert, j. p., f.s.a., f.r.s.a., m.r.i. a.,
3, Sidney Place, Cork {President).
Elected
1892 Day, Robert S., B.E., Box 686, Victoria, B.C.,
Canada
1895 Deane, Sir Thomas Newenham, Dorset Lodge,
Killiney, co. Dublin.
1895 Deane, Thomas Manley, 5, Sidmonton Square
Bray, co. Wicklow.
1894 Delany, Right Rev. John Carthage, m.r.s.a.,
Lord Abbot Cistercian Abbey, Mount
Melleray, Cappoquin.
1892 Dobbin, Leonard, sen., Hollymount, Lee Road,
Cork.
1892 Donegan, Colonel J. H. F., j.p., m.r.s.a.,
6, Alexandra Place, Cork.
1 89 1 Doran, C. G., Dun worth House, Queenstown.
1892 Dorman, John W, b.a.,c.e., Demerara.
1894 Dorman, Rev. T. Hobart, Knockmourne
Rectory, Tallow, co. Waterford.
1892 Dowden, Edward, ll.d. , Prof. Trin. Coll.,
Dublin, 1, Appian Way, Dublin.
1892 Downing, R., H.C., 52, North Main Street,
Cork.
1895 Dowsley, W. G. , 1 , Devonshire Place, Youghal.
1892 Dunn, Christopher J., J.P., 39, Watercourse
Road, Cork.
1892 Dunn, Michael J., b.a., b.l., m.r.s.a., 42,
Upper Mount Street, Dublin.
1 89 1 Dwyer, Rev. J. A., O.P., St. Mary's Priory,
Cork.
1896 Eden, Rev. Arthur, Ticehurst Vicarage, Hawk-
hurst, Kent.
1892 Egan, P. M., High Street, Kilkenny.
1891 Egan, Barry M., 32, Patrick Street, Cork.
1892 Evans, George (d.d.s.), 49 West 34th Street,
New York, U.S.A.
1891 Farrington, Thomas, M.A., F.C.S., F.I.C., T.c,
5, Summerhill Terrace, Wellington Road,
Cork ( Treasurer).
1892 Fennell, Rev. M., Rector Industrial School,
Upton, co. Cork.
1892 Fielding, Patrick J., M.P.S.I., m.r.s.a., 80,
Patrick Street, Cork.
1896 Fitzgerald, Edward, Lough Gur Cottage,
Holycross, Kilmallock.
1892 Fitzgerald, Hon. John E., 328, West 72nd
Street, New York City, U.S.A.
1891 Fitzgerald, John, Frenchchurch Street, Cork.
1892 Fitzgerald, M. J., B.L., Ballymacoda, co. Cork.
1892 FitzGerald, Lord Walter, m.r.i. a., f.r.s, a. j.p.,
Kilkea Castle, Mageney, co. Kildare.
1892 Fitzgerald, Most Rev. William, D.D., Lord
Bishop of Ross, Bishop's House, Skibbereen.
1894 Fitzgerald, Sir Robert Uniacke Penrose, bart.,
d.l., m.p., Cork beg Island, Whitegate, co.
Cork.
1893 Fitzgerald, Richard (Chairman Town Comrs.),
Midleton, co. Cork.
1892 Fleming, Rev. James Canon, p.p., St. Finbar's
West, Cork.
1892 Fleming, Very Rev. Horace Townsend, D.D.,
m.r.s.a., The Deanery, Cloyne.
1892 Foley, P. K., 611, Washington Street, Boston,
Mass., U.S.A.
1892 Forde, J. C, 79, South Mall, Cork.
1892 Forde, P. J., j.p., 4, Sidney Place, Cork.
1892 Forde, Rev. J. W., m.a., Lislee,Courtmacsherry,
co. Cork.
xvi.
COR In HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Elected
1894 Forsyeth, R. W., b.l., j.p., Whitechurch
1 [ouse, Cappagh, Lismore,
1891 Franklin, Dennam, [.P., T.c, 74, South Mall,
Cork (Secretary).
[892 Fraser 'l'., Curragh Ville, Curragh Road, Cork.
[894 Frederic, Harold, National Liberal Club,
Whitehall Place, London, S.W.
[893 Fryer, Maior-General John, c.b., (commanding
('oik District), Government House, Cork.
1892 Gale, )ohn (co. sub-sheriff), Rathpeacon Hall,
Cork.
1892 Garstin, John Ribton, LL.B. , M.A.,B.D.,F. S.A.,
M.R.I. A., F.R.H.S., F.R.S. A., J. P., D.L., Brag-
ganstown, Castlebellingham.
1892 Geraghty, William, II, Camden Street, Liver-
pool.
1892 Gibbings, Rev. Edward, M.A., The Rectory,
Kinsale, co. Cork.
1892 Gillman, Herbert F. Webb, i.c.s., Guntur,
Kistna District, South India.
1891 Gillman, Herbert Webb, R.A., B.L., J.P.,
m.r.s.a. , Clonteadmore, Coachford, co. Cork
( Vice-President).
1892 Gillman, John E., 14, Beacon Street, Boston,
Mass., U.S.A.
1892 Gleeson, Timothy, Lisquinlan, Castlemarty,
co. Cork.
1895 Grainger, Dr. Wm. H., 408, Meridian Street,
E. Boston, Mass, U.S.A.
1892 Graves, Right Rev. Charles, d.d.,d.c.l., f.r.s.,
m.r.i. a., f.r.s. a., Lord Bishop of Limerick,
The Palace, Limerick.
1892 Gray, Miss, 9, Lower Park, Queenstown.
1892 Gray, William, M. R. 1. A. , Mount Charles, Belfast.
1894 Green, T. G. H., 10, Windsor Road, Palmerston
Park, Dublin.
1 89 1 Green, W. T., I, Belgrave Place, Cork.
1892 Greer, Thomas, F.R.G.S., Sea Park, Belfast.
1892 Greeves, Fergus M., Tweskard, Strandtown,
Belfast.
1896 Grehan, Stephen, J. P., D. L., Clonmeen, Banteer,
co. Cork.
1892 Griffith, R. G., Munster and Leinster Bank,
Bandon.
1894 Haines, Rev. John, M.A., Kinneigh Rectory,
Enniskean, co. Cork.
1892 Hall, Edwin, J.P., D.L., m.r.s.a., Pinehurst,
Blackrock, Cork.
1892 Hallinan, Edward, J. P., Avoncore, Midleton.
1892 Harley, Rev. Canon C. B., m.a., The Glebe,
Belgrave Place, Cork.
1891 Harrington, Stanley,B.A., J. P., Trafalgar, Cork.
1892 Hartland, William Bavlor, 24, Patrick Street,
Cork.
1893 Hawkes, Colonel R. L., Dennis Quay, Kinsale.
1892 Hawkes, Thomas G, Corning, New York,
U.S.A.
1893 Hayes, Richard, solr., 59, South Mall, Cork.
1892 Healy, Maurice, Bridge Street, Bandon.
1892 Healy, Maurice, M.P., Ashton Lawn, Black-
rock Road, Cork.
1895 Healy, Rev. W., P. P., Johnstown, co. Kilkenny.
1892 Heard, E., 15, South Mall, Cork.
1895 Henry, James, M.D., Swan Park, Monaghan.
1892 Hennessy, Rev. P., C.C., Kilmeen, Clonakilty.
1895 Hennessy, Rev. Br. P. J., Superior Christian
Brothers, Lady's Mount, Cork.
Elected
[896 Herlihy, Patrick W., Green Hall, Kanturk.
1S92 Hickey, Rev, Michael P., m.k.s.a., Si. John's
Presbytery, New Street, Waterford.
1S92 Higginbothatn, Granby, m.k.s.a., 46 Welling-
ton I'ark, Belfast.
1S92 Minimis, Pierce, Ardfallen House, Sunday's
Well, Cork.
1894 Highet, John, 4, Marlboro5 Street, Cork.
1 89 1 I lill, Ai thur,l!. E., F.R.I. B. A., M.R.I. A., F.R.S. A.,
22, George's Street, Cork.
1893 Hill, Samuel, West View, Military Road, Cork.
1892 1 lill, William II., U.K., F.R.I.B.A., M.R.S.A.,
Audley House, St. Patrick's Hill, Cork.
1895 Hoare, Captain John, Corning, New York.
1896 Hoare, Joseph, B.A., T.C.D., Carrigrohane
Castle, co. Cork.
1896 Hodson, Richard E.,j.i\, Coolfadda House,
Bandon.
1892 Holland, M., 20, Myrtlehill Terrace, Lower
Glanmire Road, Cork.
1892 Hopkins, Rev. J. W., P. A., m.k.s.a., Aghern
Vicarage, Conna, co. Cork.
1895 Plope, Robert P., Loughbawn, Killucan, co.
Westmeath.
1892 Horgan. Michael Joseph, Clanloughlin, Lee
Road, Cork.
1892 Plumphreys, E., Southgate Brewery, Cork.
1892 Humphreys, Henry, Ballintcmple, Cork.
1892 Hunt, Edmond L., Danesfort, Mallow.
1892 Hurley, Rev. P., p.p.,m.r.s.a., Inchigeela, co.
Cork.
1 892 Hutch, Very Rev. Canon, D. D. , p. p. , M. R. 1. A. ,
Midleton.
1893 Hutchins, Samuel N., B.A., J.P., Ardnagashel,
Bantry.
1893 Irish Literary Society, 8, Adelphi Terrace,
Adam Street, Strand, London, W.C.
1892 Jennings, Ignatius R. B., c. I.R.I. a, m.r.s.a.,
Ballytruckie, Waterford.
1 896 Jennings, Thomas, J. P. , Brookfield House, Cork.
1 892 Jephson-Norreys, Mrs. Atherton, Mallow Castle,
Mallow.
1892 Johnson, R. W. , C.E., Victoria Road, Cork.
1892 Johnstone, H. H., 57, Sinclair Road, West
Kensington Park, London, W.
1893 Jones, Rev. Canon Richard, D.D.,The Rectory,
Youghal.
1895 Jordan, Rev. W., M.A., m.r.s.a., f.r.s., etc.,
St. Augustine's, Moreland, Melbourne.
1 892 Joyce, Patrick Weston, ll. d, m. r. I. a, m. r. s. a. ,
Lyre-na-Grena, Leinster Road, Rathmines,
co. Dublin.
1 896 Keating, R. , N. P. Harding, Natal, South Africa,
1 89 1 Keller, Very Rev. Daniel Canon, p.p., v.g.,
Voughal.
1895 Kelly, Miss M. T., 42, Lower Leeson Street,
Dublin.
1895 Kilty, John, 13, Orelia Terrace, Queenstown.
1892 Kinsale Club, Kinsale.
1892 Lacy, William B., F.C.A., 15, South Mall, Cork.
1895 Lamb, Rev. W., M.A., Desertserges, co. Cork.
1892 Lane, Mrs. Denny, 3, Eairy Hill Terrace,
Monkstown, co. Cork.
1892 Lane, Rev. John, St. Mary's Bacup, England.
1892 Lane, Rev. William Canon, p.p., Dunmanway.
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
xvii.
Elected
1892 Lane, William, B.A., j.p., Vernonmount, Cork.
1892 Leader, Lieut. W. F., D.C.O. Middlesex
Regt., Commandant Purandhar, Bombay,
India.
1892 Leader, Surgeon-Major Nicholas, A. M.S.,
Station Hospital, Devonport.
1893 Leahy, D., Grand Parade Market, Cork.
1892 Lee, Philip G., m.d. , 25, St. Patrick's Hill, Cork.
1892 Lecky, Robert John, 3, Lorton Terrace, Lad-
brooke Road, London, W.
1896 Levis, John S., M.D., Glenview, Skibbereen.
1895 Lewis, T. W., m.d., Kingscliffe, Wansford,
Northampton.
1892 Leycester, Joseph W., J.P., Vosterburgh, Cork.
1892 Lombard, E. L., 25, Stockton Road, Chorlton-
cum-Hardy, Manchester.
1892 Lombard, James Fitzgerald, J. P., m.r.i.a.,
South Hill, Upper Rathmines, Dublin.
1894 Long, W., Ballyferriter, Dingle, co. Kerry.
1892 Longfield, Miss Letitia, Castlemary, Cloyne.
1892 Longfield, Mountifort G., 5, Hatch Street,
Dublin.
1895 Lumb, G. Denison, 65, Albion Street, Leeds.
1895 Lynch, Rev. J. F., Caherconlish Rectory,
Pallasgrean, co. Limerick.
1892 Lyons, Rev. John, p. p., St. Michael's, Macroom.
1892 Lyster, Fred. L., 5, Newenham Terrace, Cork.
1894 McCann, Charles, 52, Market Street, Newark,
N. J., U.S.A.
1892 McCarthy, Charles, 41, Paul Street, Cork.
1892 McCarthy, D. A., m.d., f r.c.s.e., Bridport,
Dorset.
1891 McCarthy, E. V., 33, Cook Street, Cork.
1892 McCarthy, John George, 3, Park View Terrace,
Cork.
1892 McCarthy, Randall MacFinnin, Custom House,
Dublin.
1892 McCarthy, Rev. D , p.p., Ballincollig, Cork.
1896 McCarthy, Rev. F., p.p., Ballyheigue, co. Kerry.
1892 McCarthy, Rev. Timothy, p.p., St. Mary's
Presbytery, Barryroe, Timoleague.
1892 McCarte, Mathew, 51, St. George's Hill,
Everton, Liverpool.
1892 McChesney, Joseph, m.r.s. A., Annaville, Holy-
wood, co. Down.
1895 McClure, John Wilfrid, 3, Mallow Street,
Limerick.
1892 McDonnell, James, 1, Camden Quay, Cork.
1894 McFerran, Henry, Flax Mills, Millfield, Cork.
1892 McMahon, Morgan, 13, Cascade Street, Pad-
dington, Sydney, N.S. Wales.
1892 McMahon, W. H., B.A., 7, Castle Street, Cork.
1 892 MacMullen, Alfred R. , 5, George's Quay, Cork.
1892 Macnamara, P. J, M.D., Sarsfield House, Kil-
mallock, co. Limerick.
1895 McNamara, Rev. Daniel, p.p., Glounthaune.
1 892 McNamara, Robert S. , 3, Sullivan's Quay, Cork
1892 McS winey,Rev. Bryan, C.C, St. Peter and Paul's
Cork.
1895 Maginn, Rev. C. A., M.A., M.R.S. A., Clonfert
Rectory, Newmarket, co. Cork.
1892 Magner, James F., m.d., Timoleague.
1895 Mahony, Bernard P. J., m.r.C.v.s., Annefield,
Maryboro.
1894 Mahony, Denis McCarthy, 13, Charlotte Quay,
Cork.
1891 MahonyJ. J.,M.r.s.a., FortVillaSjQueenstown
Elected
1891 Mahony, T. H., 2, Clonard, Blackrock Road,
Cork.
1892 Manley, Rev. John, p.p., Footscray, Victoria,
Australia.
1891 Martin, Miss H. A., m.r.c.p., High School,
■Sidney Place, Cork.
1892 Martin, Rev. John W. , a.m., Carrigtwohill,
co. Cork.
1892 Mathew, Right Plon. Sir J. C. ll.d., 46,
Queen's Gate Gardens, London, S.W.
1894 Maunsell, W. H, Glandore, Skibbereen.
1 89 1 Meehan, Jeremiah, Cornmarket Street, Cork.
1892 Michelli, William T., 61, South Mall, Cork.
1895 Midleton, Right Hon. Viscount, Peper Harovv,
Godalming, Surrey.
1896 Miller, C. J., Charleville.
1892 Milligan, Seaton Forrest, m.r.i.a., f.r.s.a.,
Bank Buildings, Belfast.
1893 Milner-Barry, Rev. E, 1 6, Queen's Road,
Endsleigh, Tunbridge Wells.
1892 Mintern, Rev. J. J., c.c, The Lough, Cork.
1892 Molloy, W. R., m.r.i a., f.r.s.a., 17, Brook-
field Terrace, Donnybrook, co. Dublin.
1891 Moore, Rev. Canon Courtenay, m.a., m.r.s. A.,
The Rectory, Mitchelstown, co. Cork.
1891 Moore, George M., m.r.s. a., 147 Sunday's Well
Road, Cork.
1892 Moore, John George, 91, South Mall, Cork.
1892 Moore, William, m.r.s. A., Castle Mahon,
Blackrock, Cork.
1893 Moran, His Eminence Cardinal, Archbp. of
Sidney, D. n. , m. r. i. a. , F. r. s. a. , Archbishop's
House, Sidney, Australia.
1892 Moriarty, Patrick, Mulgrave Road, Cork.
1892 Morris, Rev. William Bullen, m.r.s. A., The
Oratory, London, S.W.
1892 Morris, William V., 34, Grand Parade, Cork.
1892 Mulcahy, Rev. J, p. p, Timoleague.
1892 Murphy, Conor, Port Costa, California, U.S.A.
1891 Murphy, Francis, M.D. , Finbar House, Lower
Tottenham, London, N.
1892 Murphy, J. J., 108, Patrick Street, Cork.
1895 Murphy, J. W., Pembroke, South Wales.
1895 Murphy, John J., m.r.s. A., Culgreine, Ballin-
temple, Cork.
1893 Murphy, Sergt. ML, 283, Sheffield Avenue,
Chicago.
1 89 1 Murphy, Very Rev. Jeremiah Canon, D d. , p.p.,
M.r.s. A., Macroom.
1891 Murphy, William, 23. South Mall, Cork.
1893 Murphy, William M, J.P., Dartry, Upper
Rathmines, co. Dublin.
1892 Murray, Edward, Courthouse, Cork.
1892 Nagle, Richard, 21, Rutland Square, Boston,
Mass., U.S.A.
1895 Nunn, Richard J. , M. D., York Street, Savannah,
Georgia, U.S.A.
1894 O'Brien, Daniel, West Park, Glasnevin, Co.
Dublin.
1892 O'Callaghan, M. J., 14, Drumcondra Road
Lower, Dublin.
1892 O'Callaghan, Most Rev. T. A., d.d.,o.p., Lord
Bishop of Cork, The Diocesan College,
Farrenferris, Cork.
1895 O'Callaghan, Rev. T. M., c.c, The Presbytery,
Mallow.
xviii.
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Elected
1S02 O'Conncll, John (Managing Director |ohn Daly
and Co. Ltd.) 13, North Main Street, Cork.
1892 O'Connell, John A., Sculptor, 49, LowerGlan-
mire Road, < Jotk.
1 S95 O'Connell, P.,m d. , 339, South Centre Avenue,
Chicago, III., U.S.A.
1892 O'Connor, Anthony, 39, Merrion Square,
Dublin.
[893 O'Connor, Rev. Cornelius S. , C.C., Milchels-
town, co. Cork.
1 So 5 O'Connor, Rev, John, p.p., Schull, co. Cork.
1S93 O'Donovan, M.A., J. P., F.R.S.A., Liss Aid,
Skibbereen.
1S92 0'Donoghue,Rev.Denis,P.P, m.r.i.a, Ardfert,
co. Kerry.
1894 O'Driscoll, D. M., Western Union Telegraph
Co., Charleston, S.C., U.S.A.
1893 O'Farrell, Edward, B.L., Beechlands, Shankill,
co. Dublin.
1892 O'Flanagan, J. R., B.L., Avondhu Grange,
Fermoy.
1896 O'Geran, Miss, Bella Vista, Queen stow n.
1 892 Ogilvie, James, J. P. , M. R. I. A. , F.I.I. , The Grove,
Queenstown.
1S95 Ogilvie, P. W., Glenarm, Lower Glanmire
road, Cork.
1892 O'Grady, Miss, Aghamarta, Carrigaline, co.
Cork.
1892 O'KeefTe, John, City Waterworks, Cork.
1 892 O'KeefTe, Rev. John, P. P. , Meelin, Newmarket,
co. Cork.
1892 O'KeefTe, Stephen M. Lanigan, J.P., b.l.,
m.r.i.a., Delville, Glasnevin, co. Dublin.
1895 O'Leary, D. A , Kilbolane Cottage, Newtown,
Charleville.
1892 O'Leary, D. J., Munster and Leinster Bank,
Mitch elstown,
1892 O'Leary, John, m.r.s.a, Lonsdale, St. Laurence
Road, Clontarf, Dublin.
1895 O'Mahony, F. McCarthy, M. & L. Bank, South
Mall, Cork.
1S92 O'Mahony, John, m.r.s.a., 22, College Green,
Dublin.
1893 O'Mahony, Rev. Br. J. A., Christian Bros.,
North Richmond Street, Dublin.
1892 O'Mullane, John, Lee View Place, Sunday's
Well Road, Cork.
1892 O'Neill, Capt. F., Depart, of Police, Matson
Street, Chicago.
1892 O'Neill, Rev. Patrick, P.P., Tracton, Minane
Bridge, co. Cork.
1895 O'Regan, Very Rev. P.D., P.P., V.G., Dean of
Cloyne, Mitchelstown.
1892 O'Riordan, Rev. J., C.C., Cloyne, co. Cork.
1894 O'Riordan, William, 12, North Main Street,
Cork.
1894 O'Shaughnessy, F., 1, Hanover Place, Cork.
1894 O'Shea, Patrick, Glengarriff, co. Cork.
1893 O'Shea, William, 58, Grattan Street, Cork.
1892 O'Sullivan, D. A., m.d., 43, Leyland Road,
Southport.
1892 O'Sullivan Jeremiah, Master Cork Union, Cork.
1892 O'Sullivan, Miss M., Summercove, Kinsale.
1892 O'Sullivan, Rev. Timothy, Burditt Lodge,
Hounslow, Middlesex.
1892 Parker, Rev. J. A., p.p., 46, Kenilworth Street,
Rathgar.
Elected
[893 Parker, T., Georgetown, Queensland, Australia.
1 893 Penrose, sir George, ji p., Bachelors Quay, Cork.
[892 Peyton, Mrs., 17, Waterloo Place, Cork.
1893 Pigott, Joseph, m.r.s.a., 36, Marlboro' Street,
Cork.
1893 I'igott, Captain William Jackson, Manor House
Dundrum, county Down.
1892 Plunkett, Count G. N., B.L., m.r.i.a., 26,
Upper Fitzwilliam Street, Dublin.
1894 Power, Rev. P, , C.C., Cathedral, Walerford.
1892 Prendcrgast, William, Long Quay, Kinsale.
1892 Quain, Sir Richard, bart., M.D.,LL.D., r.R.S.,
67, Ilarley Street, London, W.
1896 (Queen's College Library, Cork.
1892 Rapmund, Rev. Joseph, c.C, m.r.s.a., Sally-
mount, Clogher, co. Tyrone.
1892 Reeves, Miss, Tramore, Douglas, Cork.
1892 Ridgeway, Professor William, m.a., m.r.s.a.,
Fen Ditton, Cambridge
1894 Ring, Rev. P., c.C, Dromana, Charleville.
[895 Roberts, Colonel Howland, 31, Argyll Road,
London, W.
1892 Robinson, John H. , m.r.s.a., Munster and
Leinster Bank, South Mall, Cork.
1892 Robertson, William, j.p., Netherleigh, Strand-
town, Belfast.
1893 Roche, Aid. Augustine, j. p. , 73, Douglas Street,
Cork.
1892 Roche, Rev. P. A., c.c, St. Peter and Paul's,
Cork.
1892 Roche, Pierce, Cork Library, Pembroke Street,
Cork.
1892 Ronayne, Charles, m. d. , South Abbey, Youghal.
1892 Royal Munster Fusiliers, Sergeants' Mess,
Kinsale.
1892 Roycroft, T. R., Bellvue, Skibbereen.
1892 Ruby, Rev. H. E., Brighton Villa, Western
Road, Cork.
1895 Russell, Ebenezer, Collector of Customs, Har-
wich.
1 896 Russell, Very Rev. Dr . , o. P. , Collegio do Corpo
Santo, Lisbon, Portugal.
1893 Ryan, Rev. Br. D. J., Christian Bros., Empress
Place, Cork.
1892 Ryan, Rev. J. C, O.P., College of St. Thomas
of Aquin, Newbridge.
1892 Ryan, Timothy, 50, Catherine Street, Limerick.
1892 Rye, Captain Richard Tonson, D.L., Ryecourt
Crookstown.
1894 Sanders, RobertJ. P., Sanders Park, Charleville,
co. Cork.
1892 Sandford, A. W., m.d., 13, St. Patrick's Place,
Cork.
1892 Sargent, R. E., Bank of Ireland, Bandon.
1891 Scott, Sir John Harley, J. P., Knockrea House,
Cork.
1 89 1 Sheehan, Most Rev. Richard Alphonsus, D.D.,
Lord Bishop of Waterford and Lismore,
f.r.s.a., Bishop's House, John's Hill,
Waterford {President 1891 -1893).
1893 Sheehy, Rev. John J., St. Margaret's, Stanley
Street, Kenning Park, Glasgow.
1892 Sherlock, George K, Sessional Crown Solicitor
South Main Street, Bandon.
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
XIX.
Elected
1892 Shine, John W., Sault St. Mane's, Michigan,
U.S.A.
1893 Shine, Surgeon-Captain J. M. P., a. M.S.,
Corradino House, Malta.
1892 Sisk, John, Cove Street, Cork.
1893 Sisk, Rev. James, Adm., Fermoy.
1892 Slattery, James W., m.a., ll.d., President
Queen's College, Cork.
1892 Smith, C. O'K., 1, Rockspring Terrace, Cork.
1892 Smith-Barry, Arthur H., J.P., D.L., M.P.,
f.r.s.a., Fota, Cork.
1892 Spillane, M. D., 19, Pine Street, Cork.
1892 Star, L. G., Captain S.S. "Juno," 13 York
Crescent Road, Clifton, Bristol.
1 892 Stanton, Patrick, Elmgrove Terrace, Evergreen,
Cork.
1896 Stechert, G. E., 30, Wellington Street, Strand,
London, W.C.
1896 Stubbs, Major-General Francis, R.A. (ret.),
2, Clarence Terrace, St. Luke's, Cork.
1895 Sullivan, Hon. J. H., 199, Webster Street,
E. Boston, Mass., U.S.A.
1892 Sullivan, Sir Edward, bart., B.A., m.r.s.A.,
32, Fitzwilliam Place, Dublin.
1892 Sullivan, Timothy Daniel, 1, Belvidere Place,
Dublin.
1892 Sunner, A. H., Firhill House, Monkstown,
Cork.
1894 Supreme Council, 33rd deg., 433 Third Street,
N.W. Washington, U.S.A.
1892 Swanston, William, Queen Street, Belfast.
1896 Swanzy, Rev. Henry, m.a., Castlemagner
Glebe, Cecilstown, co. Cork.
1892 Synan, Edmond, Charleville, co. Cork.
1892 Tenison, Chas. MacCarthy, b.l., m.R.i.A.,
f.r.s.a., j. p., Hobart, Tasmania.
1892 Tivy, Henry L.,M.R.s.A.,Elmcourt, Blackrock,
Cork.
1892 Townsend, Edward R., m.d., St. Patrick's Hill,
Cork.
1892 Townsend, Horace H., j.p., 9, Crescent,
Queenstown.
1892 Townshend, Captain Horace, Courtmacsherry,
co. Cork.
1S92 Townshend, Miss Payne, Derry, Rosscarbery,
co. Cork.
1S92 Townshend, R. B., 80, Woodstock Road,
Oxford.
1893 Traherne, Cecil, 5, Coleherne Terrace, Earl's
Court, London, S.W.
1895 Travers, Miss, 9, Kingston College, Mitchels-
town.
Elected
1893 Trinity College Library, Dublin.
1892 Tuohy, E., 4, North Mall, Cork.
1892 Tuohy, P. J., b.l., m.r.s.a., Secretary Board of
Works, Custom House, Dublin.
1893 University Library, Edinburgh.
1894 Uniacke-FitzGerald, Rev. R., m.a., Tandridge
Vicarage, Godstone, Surrey.
1893 Uniacke-FitzGerald, R. G., B.A. (Oxon),
f.r.s.a., 16, Tite Street, Chelsea, London,
S.W.
1894 Ussher, Richard J., j.p., m.r.s.a., Cappagh
House, Cappagh, Lismore.
1892 Vigors, Colonel Philip D., f.r.s.a., j.p., Hol-
loden, Bagenalstown, co. Carlow.
1892 Vinycomb, John, m.r.i.a., f.r.a.s., Riverside,
Ilolywood, co. Down.
1891 Walker, Robert, j.p., a.m.i.c.e. , p.p.s.a.,
17, South Mall, Cork.
1892 Walsh J., Cavendish Quay, Bandon.
1892 Walsh, M., Kensington, High Street, London, W.
1892 Webb, Arthur, Wilton, Mallow.
[892 Webber, Fred., 433, Third Street, N.W.
Washington, Dist. Columbia, U.S.A.
1892 Welply, J. J., M.D., Bandon.
1891 White, John M., 1, Hawthorne Place, College
Road, Cork.
1892 White, Commander Hans Fell, R.N., Spring-
fort Hall, Mallow.
1892 White, Major J. Grove, m.r.s.a., j.p., Kil-
byrne, Doneraile, Cork.
1892 White, Thomas, Ballinascarthy. Clonakilty.
1891 Whitelegge, Rev. W., m. a. , Ballinlough House,
Blackrock, Cork.
1891 Williams, K. B., Brookside, Mallow.
1892 Wilson, E. D. J., Airlie House, The Grove,
Denmark Hill, London, S.E.
1892 Wilson, James, 26, Grand Parade, Cork.
1891 Woods, Cecil Crawford, f.r.s.a., 7, Dyke
Parade, Cork.
1892 Woods, Miss, 8, Dyke Parade, Cork.
1892 Woollcombe, Robert Lloyd, m.a., ll.d.,
F.I. INST., F.S.S., M.R.I.A., F.R.S.A., B.L.,
14, Waterloo Road, Dublin.
1892 Young, Robert, B.A., j.p., M.R.I.A., m.r.s.a.,
Donegal Square, Belfast.
Second Series. — Vol II., No. 13.]
[January, 1896.
JOURNAL
OF THE
Cork Historical & Archaeological
Society.
1st jVluskerry Cavalry.
Notes from the Orderly Book of the First Troop of the Muskerry Legion of Yeomanry
Cavalry, 1796.
By ROBERT DAY, F.S.A., President.
AM indebted to the courtesy of George and Morgan
Gallwey, esqrs., for the loan of the manuscript whose
title heads this paper. The writing in many places
has become so faint that it can scarcely be deciphered,
and will soon, from the character of the ink, be alto-
gether illegible ; it is therefore all the more important
to preserve the main features of its records in the
pages of this Journal. The muster roll of the officers and men forming
the troop was fixed by the Lord Lieutenant in the following letter
dated —
" Dublin Castle,
\oth September, 1803.
Sir — I am commanded by the Lord Lieutenant to acquaint you that His Excellency
has been pleased to fix the establishment of the Muskerry Legion First Troop Corps
of Yeomanry Cavalry under your command, at the numbers stated in the margin.
Instructions have been issued accordingly to the respective officers of ordinance.
Signed, E. B. Littlehales.
To A. Warren, esq., Captain Muskerry Legion 1st Troop."
COR K HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
i
. . 2
I
.. 60
64
The book commences with a list of the men and the dates of their
enrollment, and embodies a record of each day's work down to February
24th, 1806, when it abruptly ends. A few extracts will show in what
consisted the daily routine of the mounted Yeoman's life during the first
year of the present century. Banded together in October, 1796, their
roll call numbered forty-four, when, in the following December, the
French made their descent on Bantry and struck terror and alarm into
the peaceful inhabitants of the city and county of Cork, which practi-
cally undefended was alone preserved by the providential interposition
of the Almighty from the inroads of a foreign and hostile soldiery.
The names of those who formed this troop are eminently representative ;
men of equally good family were found in the ranks of the troop as
among those who were their chosen and elected leaders. The duties
that they were called upon to perform consisted chiefly in patrolling the
country at night, acting as peace officers in bringing law-breakers to
justice, carrying despatches from their head-quarters in Macroom to
Cork, at one extremity, and to Bantry at the other, and by daily
exercise and drill keeping themselves in a state of such soldierly
efficiency that their services were counted by the Government for
foreign duty. Here follows a list of the troop —
Name and Rank.
Residence.
When Admitted.
When Attested.
A. Warren, capt.
. Warrenscourt
October, 1796
. October, 1796.
Samuel Swete, capt.
. Greenville
Do.
Do.
Samuel Baldwin, 1st lieut.
. Dromkeen
June, 1800
. June, 1800.
Thos. J. Coppinger, 2nd lieut. .
. Carhue
October, 1796 (*) .
. October, 1796.
Walter McCarthy, P.S.
. Macroom
July, 1798(0 .
. July, 1798.
William Boyle, 2nd sergt.
. Boyle Grove
October, 1796
. October, 1796.
Robert McCarthy, 3rd sergt. .
. Macroom
June, 1798
. June, 1798.
Richard Barter, corpl.
. Dromkeen
October, 1796
. October, 1796.
Call. McCarthy, private
. Stickstown
Do.
Do.
Henry Lindsey
. Peake
Do.
Do.
James B. Barry „
Do.
Do.
James Barry „
. Kilbarry
Do.
Do.
John Good ,,
. Crossmahon
Do.
Do.
Thomas Good
. Ardnanee
Do.
Do.
John Colthurst ,,
. Dripsey Castle
Do.
Do.
Establishment,
Permanent Sergeant . .
Sergeants
Trumpeter or Drummer
Mounted Men
(T) Then a private.
1ST MUSKERRY CAVALRY.
3
Name and Rank. Residence. When Admitted. When Attested.
Robert Travers, private . Dripsey October, 1796 . . October, 1796.
Corliss Hawkes ,, . . Carhue Do. . . Do.
J. Williams . . Macroom Do. . . Do.
J. Williams, jim. „ - . . Yew Hill Do. . . Do.
Paul Horgan „ . . Carrigagully Do. . . Do.
J. F. Whitney . . Mount Rivers Do. . . Do.
Richard Radley „ . . Knockroan Do. . . Do.
Abraham Cross „ .. Shandy Hall Do. .. Do.
v - Matthew Minhear .. Rocklee June, 1798 .. June, 1798.
Richard Ashe ,, . . Ashgrove July, 1798 . . July, 1798.
John Larymore . . Gurteen Do. . . Do.
Epinetus FitzGibbon . . Shandy Hall June, 1801 . . June, 1801.
Anthony Woodley . . Dromkeen Do. . . Do.
Thomas Radley ,, . . Knockroan July, 1803 . . July, 1803.
Thomas O. Mocher . . Macroomp Do. . . Do.
Michael Williams „ . . Currihy Do. . . Do.
Peter Williams ,, .. Macroom September, 1803 .. September, 1803.
Henry Cavendish .. Do. July, 1803 .. July, 1803.
John Pearson . . Mount Cross September, 1803 . . September, 1803.
Basil Orpen „ . . Macroom Do. . . Do.
John E. Orpen „ . . Gorteenroe Do. . . Do.
Thos. S. Coppinger ,, . . Leemount Do. . . • Do.
Wood Johnson ,, .. Bratown Do. .. Do.
Walter Baldwin „ . . Clohinco Do. . . Do.
George Sullivan . . Rossnascalp Do. . . Do.
George Thornhill . . Bohemia Do. . . Do.
Timothy Horgan „ . . Carrigagully Do. . . Do.
Denis Horgan „ . . Do. Do. . . Do.
James Williams „ . . Currihy Do. . . Do.
Robert Ashe „ . . Ashgrove Do. . . Do.
John Leader ,, . . Ilecale Do. . . Do.
John Barter ,, . . Macroom Do. . . Do.
William Grainger . . Rockville Do. . . Do.
Edward Barret „ . . Carrigbuee Do. . . Do.
Alex. Larrymore . . Saintfield Do. . . Do.
Thomas Lindsay . . Peak January, 1804 . . January, 1804.
John Barrett, jun. „ .. Carrigbuee Do. .. Do.
D. Murphy .. Macroomp September, 1803 . . September, 1803.
Thomas Swetman „ . . Kilglass Do. . . Do.
Edward Grainger . . Kilbarry Do. . . Do.
John Donovan „ , . Kilbarry Do. . . Do.
D. Murphy „ . . (Name illegible) October, 1796 . . October, 1796
John Huffman ,, . . Macroom July, 1803 . . July, 1803.
The following letter written by Captain Warren, and the reply to it
from his troop, reflects the brotherly kindliness and esteem in which
each mutually held the other. It tells how the officers were selected by
vote from among themselves, and how in this case the troop having by
I
CORK HISTORICAL and a RCH/KO LOGICAL SOCIETY.
a majority of votes elected Mr- Holland ;is their second lieutenant, he,
feeling that it would tend t<> the -neater harmony and efficiency of the
Corps, waived his right t«» election, and gave to the members a power to
ballot a:;.un, when Mr. Thomas Coppin^er was chosen.
"Sunday, 2nd October, 1803.
To' III! CiENTI.KMEN OK III E I'lKSI" TROOP.
GENTLEMEN,— It has ever been my wish to live in friendship and good-will with all
mankind, and In particular with the gentlemen of my own country; the length of time
which our Corps has subsisted and the numerous exertions we have made together to
preserve the peace and tranquillity of our neighbourhood, and bring to justice those
who were guilty ol the greatest crimes against society, have served to increase those
ties of mutual regard and esteem for which the Muskerry Corps has been remarkable.
1 can with truth say that neither religious or party disputes have ever crept amongst
us, and had either appeared I would have been the first to have crushed it. There
now seems to be something arising which might disturb our harmony. I think it my
duty, as well as you all know it is my inclination to prevent it in the bud, we will not
agitate our minds with argument. I know you all too well to suppose for a moment
you will return to me a man who is not fully qualified to undertake the honourable
and arduous situation of an officer, and I shall feel as much pleasure in giving my
approbation and recommendation of the man of your choice as I would in having in
myself the sole nomination of him. With these sentiments you will agree with me,
that from my experience of the gentlemen of the troop I would be censurable if I
did not point out to themselves a man whose best exertions, ever since the formation
of our corps, have been most cheerfully given for the advantages of the troop and for
the service of the country. With your permission I will name him, Mr. Thomas
Coppinger. If he meets your approbation and is returned by you to me, it will give
me real pleasure in recommending a man of merit, which is, and ought to be, the first
consideration in the nomination of an officer. I came here to attend General Myers
before he quitted our district, but am prevented seeing him by his very sudden
departure for his situation at Athlone, under the special order of Government. I am
now waiting in the name of the Muskerry Cavalry to pay my respects to General
Campbell, who succeeds General Myers, and as I cannot have an audience of him
before twelve o'clock, I think it right to communicate my sentiments to you as early as
possible on the business which is appointed for this day on parade. When that is
over I beg leave to lay before you the heads of an address to our favourite general and
friend on his departure. Should it meet your approbation, you will let me have it as
soon as you can that I may transmit it to him.
I am, gentlemen, with the highest respect,
Your very humble servant,
A. Warren, c.m.l.
Cork, Sunday, October 2nd, 1803.
[REPLY.]
" Sir, — We are concerned that we could not have the pleasure of seeing you here
to-day, and are happy to inform you that your kind and conciliatory letter has made
your old troop singularly happy, and in order to meet your wishes and pay you every
compliment in our power, Mr. Holland, in a very handsome manner, has given to the
members of it the power to ballot again for a second lieutenant, which is to be brought
1ST MUSKERRY CAVALRY.
5
forward on Sunday next, and we also agree to and fully approve the address to
General Myers. We have the honor to remain, &c, &c.,
ist Troop M. L.
By an order dated November 29, 1803, the route of intelligence from
Limerick to Bantry and Berehaven was —
Limerick, by Croom, to Charleville 17 miles 12th Dragoons from Mallow
To Liscarroll 7 „ Do.
To Kanturk 6 ,, Longueville Cavalry
To Millstreet 10 „ Do.
To Macroom 7 ,, Muskerry Legion
To Bantry 16 Do.
To Berehaven ,, Lord Bantry's Cavalry.
At this time one half of the Muskerry Legion were on permanent
duty, one officer and one-third of that number being stationed at Inchi-
geela, the remainder quartered at Macroom. Their drill sergeant was.
Mr. Knolles, who, after completing the drill of Mr Hedge's Corps, was
transferred to the Muskerry Troop.
On January 24th, 1804, Major-General Sir Eyre Coote arrived in Cork
and took over the command of the South- West District from General
Myers, who addressed the Muskerry Legion and Yeomanry as follows : —
" In leaving the important command of this district, I feel great satisfaction in
conveying to the Yeomanry the high sense I entertain of their exertions, improvement
and discipline, actuated, as they have been, by the noblest of motives — the protection of
their Sovereign and the defence of their country from foreign and internal enemies. In
such a cause a corps of men so determined must be successful should the enemy
attempt their shores. It is needless to call to their recollection that on this side of
Heaven there is but one United Kingdom of liberty and independence. This is the
trust committed to their charge ; this is the motive which has called them to the field."
In April, 1804, a letter was laid before the troop by Captain Warren,
from Sir E. Nepean, in which they were asked if they would volunteer
for foreign service, to which Captain Swete sent the following reply : —
" Dear Sir, — I have laid before my troop Sir Evan Nepean's letter, with which
you favoured me this morning, and I am instructed by them to acquaint you, for the
information of his Excellency the Lord Lieutenant, that they are resolved to continue
their services upon the same terms on which they at first associated in arms and have
since given them, viz. : for the preservation of the peace of their district, which they
are bold to say, though their district is extensive and has been principally left to their
care for seven or eight years back, they had the happiness to effect. They beg leave, at
the same time, to assure his Excellency that their not volunteering to go out of their
district at present does not arise from any hesitation or tardiness on their part to come
forward to meet the enemies of their King and country, wherever they may appear, but
solely springs from their anxiety to watch over and guard their families and properties,
which are tolerably extensive, and to the protection of which they humbly conceive ten
times their number of any other species of his Majesty's forces may not be equally
competent. I am, &c. Samuel Swete."
6
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
The parade ground of the Muskerry Cavalry and Infantry was
Carrigadrohid, and here their monthly inspection took place, to which
they were summoned by letter. Here is one such dated June I, 1805 —
" Lieut. -Colonel Morrison's compliments to Captain Com1- Warren, and begs lie will
have the goodness to have the Muskerry Legion, under his command, under arms at
Carrigadrohid, at 12 o'clock on Wednesday, the 12th of June, for his monthly inspec-
tion, and to fire three rounds of blank cartridge per man, which will be obtained in
Cork by applying to the Adjutant-General.
Cork, June 1, 1805."
The major part of this book is written by Sergeant Walter McCarthy,
who devotes nearly half its pages to letters of instruction from Dublin
Castle and Cork. The remainder contains a diary, and records the
events of each day from , August 1st, 1803, to February, 24th, 1806. A
few of these daily records will be sufficient to show what the duties of the
Yeomanry really were, and how they resembled those now so ably and
efficiently performed by the Royal Irish Constabulary.
"August 1, 1803. This day received a letter from B. Major Fenton, ordering the
Muskerry Corps upon permanent duty at whatever place or advance post the captain
may deem most useful to the service ; also requiring a return of the state of the arms,
ammunition, etc., and to be forthwith made to General Myers, which was accordingly
done. The captain ordered out one lieutenant and twenty privates into Nettleville
Barracks, the remainder of the corps into Macroom. The captain ordered a patrol of a
sergeant and ten men to scour the country every night if necessary.
"August yd. The patrole were out last night and found all quiet and orderly.
' ' August *jth. The patrole were out and took up four disorderly strangers from
Bantry, they said, but could give no account of themselves. Lodged them in bridewell.
"August nth. Sent off a party with prisoners to Cork, who brought back
'^musquet |ammunition
Also 4 pistols, 88 pistol flints, 86 musquet do.
Received letter from B. Major Fenton, dated 3rd inst., ordering to secure the Pass at
Hullsville, by orders of General Myers, which was done before ; also apprising Captain
Warren that his offer to ye Ld Lieutenant of augmenting his troop to 60 privates, of
raising a second troop of the same number, also a corps of Infantry of like numbers,
being accepted of, and the B. Major arrived on his return from Bantry whither he was
then proceeding by orders of Gen' Myers to inspect the entire corps, mounted and
dismounted.
" August 13th. Some of the -gentlemen not having attended to go express escort
according to their turn on the roaster, I do hereby order henceforward that any
gentleman who is not ready to go on his duty shall be fined one week's pay — which
shall go to the person next on the roaster who does his duty — for the first offence, and
double that fine, say a fortnight's pay, for every other offence.
A. W. [Augustus Warren.]
It is my particular order that the officer commanding the garrison shall give no
leave of absence to any gentleman except in some case of sudden necessity, and in no
case that he has less than twelve privates on guard. That the guard shall parade
every evening, mounted, at half-past seven p.m. A. W."
1ST MUSKERRY CAVALRY.
7
"August 16th. Patroled. A prisoner brought in, a rioter, and lodged in bridewell."
The next page is of more than usual interest to Muskerry families, as
it has the autograph signatures of the ancestors of many who are still
resident in the district and whose names are like household words in the
county Cork. Each of these gentlemen upon receiving a certain amount
of ammunition acknowledged it thus —
" We, the undersigned members of the Muskerry, acknowledged to have received
from Sergeant MacCarthy ten rounds of Pistol Ball Cartridge for which we will be
accountable to Captain Warren. Macroom, August iSt/i, 1803.
J. Pearson
Cal McCarthy
10
Walt. McCarthy
Paul Horgan
Jams b. Barry
Thos Radley
10
John Emanl Orpen
Matt Minhear
10
Henry Cavendish
Danl F. Leader
10
James Barry
20
W« Boyle, c.p.
J. Pearson
10
John Williams, j*-
Paul Horgan
10
Anthy Woodley
10
Anthy Woodley
10
Richd Ashe
10
Thos S. Good
20
Saml* Baldwin
10
Matt Minhear
10
Jn. Colthurst
12
Henry Lindsey
Richd Barter
Danl Horgan
Thoms O'Herlihy
Richd Ashe
M. Williams
Robt McCarthy
Corliss Hawkes
"August iZth. Went to Cork and brought home the arms and ammunition, etc., etc.,
for the second troop and infantry.
" August 25th. Received an express from Nettleville, 9 o'clock a.m., to be forwarded
to Capt- Wallis, Millstreet, which was carried by J. Williams and Jno. Williams, jr.,
and delivered by them at 4 o'clock p.m.
"September $tk. Went out on information with the guard and took ten men in the
parish of Donoughmore, charged with the burning of eight houses in that neighbour-
hood on the night of the 3rd inst, and lodged them in Macroom Bridewell.
"September Wi. Liberated three of the prisoners taken on the 5th inst., not having
sufficient information against them. Escorted the seven other prisoners to Cork the
same day, and lodged them in the County Gaol.
" September 7.2nd. The first troop went to parade and elected Samuel Swete, esq.,
captain of the first troop, Sam1- Baldwin 1st lieutenant, and Sergeant Holland, 2nd lieut.
The undernamed gentlemen of the first troop joined the 2nd troop— -Epinetus Crook
Henry Rubie, Wm- Crook, John R. Coppinger, John Gollock, Thos. O'Herlihy, Francis
Carey, Nichs- White, Richd. Splaine.
" October Zth. John Leader was balloted for and admitted unanimously.
" October gtk. The first troop paraded in Macroom and balloted for a second
lieutenant, when Thos. J. Coppinger was unanimously elected and admitted.
Nicholas White left the 1st troop and joined the 2nd troop.
" October \\th. Paraded in the morning, and sent off summons to such of the corps
as were about to go on an excursion.
At six o'clock set off with the following detachment, being reinforced in Millstreet
by Captain Wallis and 10 of his corps on the representation of a man who promised
8
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Reduced Facsimile of Page of Orderly Book copied in preceding page.
1ST MUSKERRY CAVALRY.
9
to show us a depot of upwards of three hundred stand of arms of different kinds, near
Killorglin, twenty miles north-west of Killarney, in ye county Kerry. Arrived at the
spot at daybreak next morning, found the cave, but the arms were removed. Many of
those who went returned to Killarney and staid there one night ; came home through
Glanflesk."
Here follow the names of the gentlemen who went to the county
Kerry, and the amount of their " travelling expenses " —
" Captain Swete, Sergeant McCarthy, Corporal Barter, Corporal McCarthy, Henry
Lindsay, James Barry, Thomas Good, Cornelius Hawkes, John Williams, Paul Horgan,
Mathew Minhear, Walter McCarthy, Richard Ashe, Anthony Woodley, Thomas Radley,
Thomas O'Meagher, Michael Williams, Henry Cavendish, John Pearson, Daniel
Horgan.
The amount of the hotel bill, etc., at Millstreet was . . .£392
at Killarney . . 15 14 5|
Total . . £i9 3 7i
The amount of their expenses at Macroom ' the night we returned ' is left blank"
" October 22nd. The first troop met on parade this day in consequence of an alarm
that spread that the French landed near Sligo. Richard Splaine left the first and
joined the second troop.
"■October 2ð> Received orders, dated Dublin Castle, 15 Oct., 1803, allowing two
guineas per man to the corps for new clothing. Signed, ' E. B. Littlehales.'
" October 26th. The troop paraded and exercised. John Barter and Wm- Grainger
admitted. Edwd. Barrett and A. Larimore were balloted for and admitted.
" October 31st. Copy of letter from the B. Major —
' Kinsale^ Nov. 1st, 1803.
My Dear Sir, — You will be pleased to cause the Muskerry Legion Corps of
cavalry and infantry, under your command, to be under arms at 12 of the clock on
Saturday next, the 5th inst., for their monthly inspection. Yours &c,
Thomas Temple Fenton, B. Major.'
" November 26tk, 1 803. The Muskerry Legion, cavalry and infantry, were inspected
by B. Major Fenton in Macroom.
Field return made to the Brigade Major —
2 captains 2 sergeants
2 lieutenants 32 rank and file
1 trumpeter 14 absent on leave
It was unanimously resolved and agreed that there should be a fine of 3/9^ on every
member that would be absent on Thursdays, which is to be the general parade day in
every week.
"November 2W1. Lieut. Coppinger, with a sergeant and twelve men of the 1st troop
went about two o'clock in the morning and apprehended seven men for house burning
and lodged them in the co. Gaol."
Here a correspondence occurs arising out of an order from Captn-
Warren, in which he requests Lieutenant Coppinger to escort a deserter
of the 16th Regiment from Millstreet to Bandon. That officer refuses
because it is not the duty of the cavalry, and the deserter is, in conse-
quence, handed over to four privates of the M. L. Infantry.
[O
COR K HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETV.
"January \\thy 1804. Four o'clock a.m. — Received from one of the 12th Dragoons
from Mallow a packet for Admiral Sir R. Caldcr, Bantry. The same day Matt. Minhear
and Richd. Ashe went express with the above packet to Dunmanway and delivered it
at seven o'clock to Sergt- Rutledge of the 12th Dragoons.
" January 26//1. This day the first troop paraded with new clothing at Carriga-
drohid. Captain Warren proposed the following young men to be members of the
1st troop, and was seconded by Lieut. Coppinger : — Thos. Lindsay, John Barrett, junr.,
Cornelius Delany, Maurice Lane, John Lane, Edward Grainger. To be called for next
parade day.
" January 30th. Two of those proposed on the 26th were admitted, viz., Thos.
Lindsay and J no. Barrett, jr-
" February gf/i. Henry Cavendish went to Dublin. Woods Johnson in his
place.
"February 16th. Mr. John Leader sent in his letter of resignation.
" February 22nd. Robert McCarthy appointed agent of the troop.
" February 24th. Received from a detachment of the Millstreet cavalry two French
prisoners to be escorted to Cork, and paid the corporal of the detachment £1 14s. i£d.
expenses attending the conveyance of said prisoners from Killarney to Macroom as per
route. Thomas S. Maher went express to Captain Swete to inform him of the arrival
of the above prisoners, and brought orders to have them sent to-morrow to Magourney
barracks, escorted by a corporal and four, namely, Rob. McCarthy, Mattw- Minhear,
Richard Ashe, George Thornhill, Jno. Pearson.
" April 2\th. Henry Cavendish quitted the 1st troop and joined the infantry.
"July i$tk. Robt. McCarthy went express to Cork with a packet from General Floyd
for General Sir Eyre Coote. N.B. — This packet was received at five o'clock a.m. from
a Millstreet yeoman, and sent off at half-past five a.m.
"July i6lk. Paul Horgan went express to Cork at night with a dispatch from
General Payne, Limerick, for Captain Butcher, (2) of the Royal Navy. Received dispatch
from a Kenmare yeoman at half-past ten and sent it off at eleven.
"August 4tk. Richard Radley sent in his resignation and arms, viz., a sword
and pistol. N.B. — He took them back again.
"November 21st. Wm. Minhear and John Orpen were balloted for and admitted
members of the 1st troop.
" December 20th. Mr. Michl- Rogers was balloted for and admitted a member of the
1st troop of M. L.
"April 13th, 1805. Balloted at the guard-room for the following members, who
were unanimously admitted : — Thos. Barter, John Johnson, Ben. Swete.
" April 2W1. James Boyle balloted for and admitted a member 1st troop M. L.
"May 2nd, 1805. Reed, from M. FitzGibbon Mr. Abm- Cross's sword. Nothing
more.
" May 31st. James B. Barry's sword and pistol were sent in by Richd. Radley.
"June \2th. Received from Captain Comt- Warren ^101 17s, the pay of the first
troop for the months ending 24th February and 24th March, 1805.
"June 22nd. Dan Horgan sent in his arms, viz., a carbine, a bayonet, a pistol.
No buckt- strap or cartridge box.
"July 14th. John Good, junr-> and Henry Cavendish balloted for, and admitted
unanimously.
(2) Afterwards Admiral Butcher. I remember, when a very small boy, sitting on his knee
at Glenbrook and listening to his stories. His family are still represented in Cork.
1ST MUSKERRY CAVALRY.
"September 22nd. Received from the magazine, Cork :
306 rounds ball cartridge
816 ,, blank ,,
102 flints
" October 20th. Edward Barrett, seni-» balloted for, and unanimously admitted.
"February 24th, 1806. Received from Charles Fort, Kinsale :
380 rounds ball cartridge
146 carbine and pistol flints
"March 2\th. Mr. Charles Crofts was balloted for and admitted."
And here follows the last entry in the book :
" The Legion was inspected at Carrigadrohid by Major Fenton, March 24th, 1806,
and March 25th, 1806."
When it was disbanded I am unable to say, but Mr. Herbert Webb
Gillman, whose home is in Muskerry, and whose ancestor was a member
of the 2nd troop of the Muskerry Legion, has kindly promised to supple-
ment this notice of the first troop from family papers and records in his
possession.
( To be continued.)
Che T^ise and progress in jMunster of the
Rebellion, 1642. '
(From a Manuscript in the British Museum.)
Edited by HERBERT WEBB GILLMAN, B.L., Vice-President,
(continued).
OW, the poor townspeople of Moyalloe thought it very
feasible for them to keep many of the stone houses, if
the enemy should not exceed two to three hundred,
by placing three or six musketeers in every of them,
and by planking the windows, and making spike-holes
for shooting. And with that intention they brought
much of their goods, which were bulky, especially corn
in great abundance, into the houses, and sent to the Great Castle their
choicest goods, and such as were most portable. But so soon as they
saw that the " monstrum^ horrendutn, deforme itigens" was like to fall on
them, they quit those houses and went into the Great Castle, leaving
(1) ^Eneid, bk. iii. verse 658. The desire of the writer of the manuscript to air
his knowledge of Latin has been previously noticed. In this case he misquotes Virgil,
deforme for informe. His quotation would not scan.
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIKTY.
much of their movables and provisions behind them ; only some persons
of good estate and esteem kept a stone house about the middle of the
town, wherein they with their families were engaged, being taken on the
sudden and having no time to remove themselves and their domestics
thence. By this time is the General returned from his hunting out of
the park, and all the army drawn together in one body on the hill. At
their first coming to which, they, in a great bravado, made as though
they would plant the small piece of artillery they brought with them,
whose motto, or rather meaning, seemed to be " Resist and die ; " which
produced but poor effect, it being well known the piece could hardly
shoot so far at random as between the hill and the town, and that for
the matter of battery it would do little more than an ordinary musket.
About an hour before the appearing of the army, you might, from the
top of the Great Castle (which is a place very conspicuous), have seen
such a numberless crew of unarmed, pilfering rogues run up and down
in every place for pillage, for five or six miles in breadth, so that from
a louse to a lion there could nothing escape them ; some of whom
adventured so near to the castle that they paid dearly for it, but they
were so numerous it was to no more purpose to kill them than go about
to kill the locusts sent among the Egyptians. A part of these (while
the rest made exact inquisition abroad in the fields and farm housesj
which stood alone and were forsaken) came into the town, partly to get
pillage, and partly to receive information whether the town were so
abandoned that the army might march into it with security; which
being advertised of, about the falling of the evening, some of the foot
companies began to advance towards the town, the General and most of
his troops of horse staying on the hill, where they continued till all the
The General f°0* was come m an<^ till it was dark. And then the
went to the General, with a convenient number of horse, took his
nea?to°CheS' journey to tne Lord Roche's house, being six miles distant,
Moyalloe, and never came to Moyalloe, being indisposed in his
the^Lord11 10 nea^tn' committing the government of the consultations,
Ikerrin, lieut.- and all other business to be done at Moyalloe, to the care
general. Qf ^ Lord of Ikerrin, lieut-general, yet so as they had
intelligence and direction almost hourly from him.
And now, they being all quartered in the town and lands of
Moyalloe, and exceedingly well accommodated with forage and provision
for man and horse, there came one Sergeant-Major Walsh, who, desiring
conference with those of the Great Castle from the walls, told them he
was employed from the General to let them know that his army had
occasion to pass through their town, and to lie there that night, during
which time he desired to have fair quarter and correspondency with
RISE AND PROGRESS IN MUNSTER OF THE REBELLION.
13
them. As to whom answer was made that, if they might be assured
that his lordship had no ill intentions towards them, they
would submit to his request. Whereupon the Sergeant-
Major protesting that, to the best of his knowledge, the
General had no bad meaning towards them or their place,
but only to pass through it, they agreed upon a quarter
to continue till the next morning; and therein concluded that none of
the army should approach near the castle, to a place consigned — being
Sergeant-
Major Walsh
undertook no
harm should
fall on the
town.
" The Great Castle."
{Reprinted from p. 43, vol. ii., 1st series).
some sixteen yards from the castle walls. And so they parted on friendly
terms, and presently sent, in the name of the General, to the castle for
beer, bread and cheese, which was plentifully conferred on them. And
so they, having sent their scouts, set their watches, and put a strong
guard on the great bridge leading over the Blackwater (within the
command of the castle), that night passed quietly over.
And the next morning the said Sergeant-Major came to the Great
Castle, and told those who had the charge thereof that he expected the
Lord General's coming thither from the Lord Roche's that morning (as
he thought), to march away in the afternoon, and desired continuance
14 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
of quarter as formerly, which was consented to by them, but for no
certain time longer than during pleasure on either side, and to be
dissolved upon two hours' summons being given by the dissenting party.
And so that Saturday, 12th of February, passed without
1 c ry. anything done worthy of relation, save that there resorted
to the rebels an incredible confluence of all sorts, some to join with
them in the common cause, but most of them to share and co-operate
with them in rapine and pilfering of the poor Englishman's goods,
whereof they exported great abundance on people's backs, and on
garrons out of the town, wherein their very next neighbours were most
busy and active, specially in carrying away the corn, of which they
found no less than £1000 worth in malt and wheat, a great quantity of
which they wilfully spoiled, and threw out into the dirt and streets. Of
the rest, they were so egregiously prodigal (lest they should leave any
behind for use of the proprietors) that malt was sold for I2d. the barrel,
the like whereof, within six days after their departure, was sold for 20s.
at the castle. It was observed by the wardens of the Great Castle, out
of the platform, that this day there were carried on men's backs into the
town about 1400 English sheep for the army's provision, besides great
store of beeves, and plenty of beer and bread, sent in every day by the
Lord Roche, McDonogh, and O'Callaghan, who undertook to victual
them.
They of the Great Castle had intelligence given them that the
enemy began to brew in the town, and make other preparation, by which
they collected that the enemy resolved to keep their residence longer
than they expected them.
And thereupon, on Sunday morning, 13th February, they writ to the
commander-in-chief of that army that they, observing that the quarter
or correspondency held with them had been hitherto
takeTby^he injurious to themselves and only advantageous to the
Governor of enemy, and that they had many reasons to suspect their
CasSTgainst §00<^ intentions towards them of the castle ; and thereupon
the induTgence they did declare that the quarter should be dissolved that
granted ^7 12 °f tne c^ocK unless they, the rebels, would
undertake, in the word of a soldier, to march with their
army the next day, being Monday, out of the town. Upon receipt of
which letter they sent to those of the castle that their letter should be
conveyed to the General, and an answer obtained with all convenient
expedition. And, about an hour after, Captain Edmond(2) Butler, son
and heir to the Lord General, and Sergeant-Major Purcell came to the
(2) See note 2, p. 531 Journal, vol. i. 2nd series.
RISE AND PROGRESS IN MUNSTER OF THE REBELLION. 1 5
Great Castle desiring conference, the effect whereof was that they
conceived it would be a matter of difficulty to send to their General and
receive an answer in so short a time as between that and twelve of the
clock, and therefore entreated earnestly for a longer time before the
quarter should be dissolved, assuring that some time that day they
would obtain the General's full answer and resolution. At length with
their vehement importunity they so far prevailed that those of the
castle did condescend to attend the answer till three of the clock that
afternoon and not longer. Which being agreed on, Sergeant-Major
Purcell desired that he might speak a word or two in private with
Arthur and his father, Thomas Betesworth; whereunto being admitted
(the rest of the warders being commanded to stand off from the walls),
he began to extol the invincible power of the General, and
Purcell
proposes the tnen persuading the rendering up of the castle, which if
delivering up they would do they should set down their own conditions
of the Ccistlc
therein ; if not, they would be by force (which they had
no possibility to resist) compelled thereunto with their extremest peril
and hazard. Unto which proposition answer was instantly made that
A courageous tneY were so far from giving up the castle upon composition
answer. that they had all that Sabbath taken the Sacrament not
to yield it up as long as a man was left alive in it, and wished him tell
the General that if he sent any messenger again with any such overture,
he should never return to bring him answer. Unto whom Purcell
replied that he knew not the General's mind therein ; but, if he had
been in his stead and place, he would never forsake Moyalloe till he had
possessed himself of that castle, in regard that place was
between86 a great " through-fare " and continual passage between
Limerick and Limerick and Cork, and lay very commodious in respect
of the bridge for transferring their armies, provisions and
carriages to and fro, which they could not make use of so long as it
was in the hands of the English. To whom answer was made that, for
that very reason, and for the preservation of those in it, it concerned
them to keep the castle out of their custody, and that it was a wonder
that men of their birth, estates and reputation would be seen in so foul
and facinorous an action, wherein it might be thought it had been
sufficient for them to have despoiled the English of all their estates,
goods, and livelihoods, but that they must pursue also their persons and
liberties with much cruelty to destruction. Whereunto Captain Butler
most erroneously made the answer, that neither they nor any of their
commanders did meddle with or receive any goods from the English
(which is not true) ; but it is true that their " common soldiers, and
rascality, and runagathoes," which followed their army, did steal and
COR K HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
take away Englishmen's goods, not only without but against their
directions, and that they only desired competent provision for their
army in their marches; that they did infinitely abhor and interdict
the killing any English but such as did resist them ; and if anyone
were killed upon cold blood, it was the common soldiers' and not their
fault.
It is now three of the clock and the quarter expired, and the
garrisons of both castles (for they were both concluded within the
compass of the treaty) did most affectionately fall upon the enemy
with their guns and killed many, who through over much ignorance or
boldness came within range of their shot. And first they of the Great-
Castle cleared the great bridge of the enemy, and laid an injunction
that no man should pass over it, sub poena vitce> without their consents.
But within a short time they grew cautious, and so spoiled the warders'
sport. And, about the falling of the night on Sunday, there came a
letter signed by Lord Ikerrin (the lieut.-general) and Colonel Walle,
directed to Thomas and Arthur Betesworth ; the first part thereof
contained some rambling exceptions they took that some of their men
had been killed during the quarter ; but the rest, that they had put on a
full resolution to be possessed of the castle before they departed the
town, and left it to their choice to render it on fair and friendly
conditions (which they should obtain to their own contents), or else
to expect such extremities as war could expose them unto. Whereunto
they readily answered that the men they complained of to be shot (as
in truth some there were) were killed within the precinct or verge of
the castle, concerning which they had already given full satisfaction
to Sergeant-Major Walsh ; and, for the last part of their letter, that
they had entertained as full resolutions (with God's assistance, and
for whose cause they fought) to defend the castle as the other did to
assault it.
And so that night passed with the exchange of some shot on either
side to little purpose. But the next morning, 14th Febuary,
14th February. ^ enemy played something hot upon the castle out of
certain spike-holes they had made in many of the houses next adjoining,
and laid some 100 musketeers in the orchard and ditches, so that they
suffered not the defendants to put their heads over the wall without
shooting at it, though without any hurt at all, save that they shot one
of the warders in the thigh, who sallied out with others without
direction, of which wound he is upon(3) recovery. Our intelligence
(3) This is one of the many sentences in this MS., showing that it was written
contemporaneously with the events described.
RISE AND PROGRESS IN MUNSTER OF THE REBELLION. I J
informed those of the Great Castle that the enemy did expect the
Lord coming of the Lord of Muskerry W to join with them,
Muskerry. whom, because he is now become a notable, considerable,
concerning man in this great affair, I may not let pass without a note ;
and it shall be of admonition to find him among a magazin of such
murderers. He is of the family of the Cartys, which they affirm to be
of such antiquity, that unless you admit them to have a being so long
before the coming of our blessed Saviour as there hath been time since,
they think you undervalue them much. This man's father was the first
lord of that name, which he nobly attained by purchase and acquisition.
He was summoned to the first meeting at Buttevant, but came not, and
all this time, and some days after, held intelligence with the Lord
President, lying at Cork, unto which the Barony of Muskerry (from
which the name of his viscountship is derived) lies contiguous. And,
although he did for some days by his neutrality secure himself in his
own(s) thoughts, yet when he found the time fit for it, he did most
(4) Donogh MacCormac (oge) MacCarthy, eighteenth lord of Muskerry, son of
Cormac oge MacCormac MacCarthy, seventeenth lord, who is shown in the pedigree
of the family published at p. 193 of vol. i. of this Journal {1st series), to illustrate an
article on the " Sept Lands of Muskerry." The seventeenth lord and his father, Cormac,
the sixteenth lord, had followed the example of the fourteenth lord — the famous Sir
Cormac MacTeige MacCarthy; and, by successive surrenders of the clan lands, as if
their own, to the Crown, and subsequent regrants from the Crown to themselves, had
'diverted the ownership of the lands from the clan to themselves, and became landlords
receiving rents in money, instead of chieftains over clansmen — their status under
Tanist law, Donogh's father, Cormac Oge, had been created in 1628 Baron of Blarney
and Viscount of Muskerry. Donogh was the second viscount ; and having joined in
this civil war, 1641-52, became commander of the Munster forces of the "rebels."
He was exiled to the Continent by the Parliament, but afterwards assisted in the
Restoration of King Charles II., by whom he was, in 1658, created Earl of Clancarty.
His grandson, also called Donogh, fourth earl, joined the losing side of King James II.
in his contest with William of Orange, and was taken prisoner at the capture of Cork,
29th September, 1690, and was confined in the Tower, but escaped to France. He
was outlawed; but was subsequently pardoned by King William, who allowed him a
pension of ^300 a-year. His estates in Muskerry, i.e. the landlord rights filched a
century before from the clan, were forfeited and sold in Dublin to various purchasers
in 1702-3.
(5) From papers preserved in the family of Rye of Ryecourt (lately most kindly lent
to me, and from which I hope to be able to add to the history of the lands of Muskerry
in the seventeenth century), it appears that Donogh, Viscount Muskerry, found some
difficulty in getting the gentlemen of his "country" to follow him into this civil war.
hiter alia those papers state: — "In year 1641, several Irish gents of Bar. Muskerry
had estates of inheritance, as well as Donogh, the Lord Muskerry, who was afterwards
Donogh, Earl of Clancarty. This earl invited the other gents into the war : they were
loath to do it, for, if they happened to be cast, they should lose their estates ; but he,
being married to the then Duke of Ormonde's sister, Countess Helen, might be
restored to his estate, though they should lose theirs. But he promised them he
would do nothing for himself, but what they should receive the like benefit," — a
promise, it may be added, not fulfilled. The "gents" referred to were kinsmen of the
chief, who, in the change of tenure {see last note) had secured separate holdings for
themselves, or large tenants, late clansmen, who had obtained a sort of fixity of
tenure in their holdings.
2
I 8 CORK HISTORICAL AND AKCIMiOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Muskerry's disloyally revolt, although the President did labour most
revolt. strenuously to contain him within the bonds of allegiance,
yet in vain. It was put into his head — and without any other ground
than such as the bards or rimers have invented — that his ancestors have
been kings of Cork, and that now were the time for him to put on foot
that regal title, to whom I doubt not but it will prove destructive. His
revenue is commonly discoursed to have been £7,000 <6) per
b?sklesPei annum, and to have of ready money ,£30,000, all which
money in his was lately left him by the parsimony of an illiberal and
purse' narrow-minded father ; which is far different from the
condition of many other lords and gentlemen of this country, as the
Lord Roche, McDonogh, O'Callaghan, O'Keeffe, and many others,
whose debts are so deep that the whole revenue of their lands do little
more than satisfy the very interest. By this man's example many
gentlemen of power and estate (who before stood as lookers-on) have
openly declared themselves and taken arms against the Crown. The
mischief is that a great part of this man's money hath been sent into
foreign countries to purchase arms and ammunition.
I have dwelt so long on this graceless grandee that this day is
almost spent by exchanging of bullets from the castle to the enemy, to
(6) This estimate of Lord Muskerry's rental in 1642 is probably approximately
correct. There is in the British Museum a copy, partly in print and partly in MS.,
of the Book of Postings and Sale of the Forfeited Estates in Ireland, forfeited after
1690, and sold at Chichester House, Dublin, in 1702-3. It is in much detail, having
columns showing the names of forfeiting proprietors, names of townlands, number of
acres (Irish) in each, yearly rents in 1702, real value yearly in 1702, tenants' names,
general description of the several lands, estate or interest therein claimed and allowed
to lessees and others, names of purchasers, amount realised by sale, and mode of pay-
ment. At intervals of leisure, a couple of years ago, I copied all relating to county
Cork ; and now, to test the above estimate, I have totalled the money columns, and
arrived at the following results : —
The rental, in 1702, of the "estate" {i.e. landlord's rights) of Donogh, fourth Earl
of Clancarty, in Muskerry (only) in county Cork, was £7,980 16s. iod., which was due
chiefly on leases granted by Helen, widow of first Earl of Clancarty, the nobleman
named in the text above. His estate had been confiscated by the Cromwellian Parlia-
ment, but was mostly restored to him by King Charles II., under the Act of Settlement.
After this earl's death, in 1665, his widow was empowered to grant the leases just
mentioned, as is shown particularly by the Rye Court papers mentioned in note 5.
Further, I find that the real value yearly, in 1702, of the estate in Muskerry was
estimated at £12,961 9s. 2d., which was sold at fourteen years' purchase, i.e. for a sum
of ,£181,460 8s. 46L Much of this was bought by the '* Governor and Company of the
Corporation for making hollow sword blades," to whom a debt of £97,000 was due by
Government, which amount was set against the corporation's purchases of forfeited
lands. The corporation parted with the lands so purchased to other vendees ; and, as
is well known, many of the present titles in Muskerry start from the sales made by
this corporation.
In talking of the earl's " estate," it must be remembered that the rental was pay-
able out of lands which, up to the end of the preceding century, had been the common
property of the clan, but had been alienated from the clansmen to their chieftain as
landlord under the Crown policy of "surrender and regrant."
RISE AND PROGRESS IN MUNSTER OF THE REBELLION. 1 9
the loss of some of their men, and from them to the castle, at which
and at the platform', whereon the ordnance was mounted, they played
much out of their spike-holes without hurt, the bawn walls being so
high and the ground somewhat low from which they shot, so that they
could not annoy anything but the upper part of the house, whereunto
all the prejudice they did was the breaking of the glass and windows.
Yet they of the castle liked their neighbourhood so ill that they
endeavoured to remove them from thence ; and to that purpose (having
first practised by stratagem to set fire on some thatched cabins, which
proved ineffectual) they hired one in the night to fire the wind side of
a house whereby many other houses were burned ; and then they
discharged their ordnance at a shingled stone house from whence the
shot came, and shot it clean through, which put the enemy to such a
"plonder" that they were constrained to forsake their quarters and that
end of the town. And finding it not safe to walk in the streets within
reach of the castle, they brake down the walls, and made a passage
from one house to another, where they lay, by which means they of the
castle could neither see nor hurt them.
And now it was given out that the council of war had determined to
take the house and the two castles which the English held against them,
and designed Monday night for taking the house, (7) Tuesday night for
the Short Castle, and Wednesday night for the Great Castle, and that
there were two sows (8) prepared for that purpose (which was true). And,
accordingly, about ten o'clock, they began to attempt the house (to
defend which there were six or seven musketeers, and some thirty
women and children, and much goods and provisions), and the assault
was to be made by O'Callaghan's men, commanded by Captain Henesie,
and assisted by Callaghan O'Callaghan (who not long since came from
the Inns of Court in studying the law), a pertinacious young fellow, and
a brother of his called Cnogher, sons te> to " ould Cahir O'Callaghan,"
who began to make their breach at one end of the house, near a chimney.
But while that was in doing, and the defendants plying their muskets,
it happened that the enemy killed with a shot in the head an honest,
stout, principal man amongst them, named Michael Hudson, by whose
loss the rest of the English were exceedingly disanimated, and the
(7) The stone house, garrisoned, as before, mentioned.
(8) Sow, a movable shed or mantelet, capable of being pushed up on wheels or
rollers to a wall, which the assailants could pick at under cover of the shed, whose
roof was constructed so as to resist fire or missiles directed against it by the besieged.
The engine was called La Chatte, the female cat, in French. Both were directly
derived from the musculus or mouse, of the Romans. Caesar in his Bell. Civ., lib. ii.,
cap. 10, gives the details of its construction.
(9) See ante, note 14, p. 534, previous vol. of this Journal.
20
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
sooner inclined to terms of rendering, which was often offered to them by
the assailants, for it so fell out that all those which were now in the
house were tenants to Cahir O'Callaghan on some lands near Moyalloe
on which they had built and made great improvements. And, foreseeing
that the times would be turbulent and dangerous, and that their good
landlord would enter into articles of rebellion, they brought all their
domestics and put them into that house, leaving behind them all their
cattle to a great number and value, which were instantly swept away by
the said Cahir's direction, whose sons had thus acquittance with and
interest in the poor people, whereof they made use to persuade and cheat
them out of the house, with promise that if they would deliver it to
them, their lives, goods, and all that they had therein (saving their arms)
should be preserved without diminishing or violation. By means
whereof the defendants were seduced to admit them into the house,
By treachery wn^cn being done, they put the poor people all into one
they got the room, possessed themselves of all their goods and provisions,
house. ancj sej. over tnem a company of ravenous, barbarous rogues
who took from them all the most valuable goods they had, scarce
allowing them necessaries out of their own. And there they stayed
some two days, till the enemy departed the town, when they left them,
having taken away the best of their goods.
This great conquest was much vaunted of by the enemy (being the
primogeniture of all their glorious victories), and advanced their spirits
to a great degree of animosity, as worthy the labours and consultations
of ten thousand brave men of war to cozen and beg five or six poor
people out of their house and goods. But if you wonder at this you will
be astounded at the next night's attempt on the Short Castle (whereunto
Tuesday, 15th an<^ f°r tne preparation therefor this Tuesday, 15th
February. February, was employed), beside which there passed no
thing worthy of note except bullets between the castles and the rebels,
whom I must needs commend (as not intending to defraud the " divell
of his due ") for their inclination to the sparing of blood, and am
confident they had rather taken one castle by perjury and fraud than
four by assault. And, in pursuance of this charity, they belaboured
Lieutenant Williamson (who had the chief government in the Short
Castle) with serious treatise, persuasions, and expostulations of sur-
rendering upon any conditions himself would propound. Whereunto
the Lieutenant answered that he was engaged to his friends in the Great
Castle never to consent to any such thing without their approbation, and
that, if the rebels so desired, he would write to them, and send a servant
of his own thither to negotiate that particular, which was easily con-
sented to, on condition that they might know what was written and
RISE AND PROGRESS IN MUNSTER OF THE REBELLION. 2 1
spoken to his man, which the Lieutenant did entertain, rather to pro-
crastinate them than for any intention he had to deal in terms of com-
position. And he thereon writes a short note to Arthur Betesworth
advertising that he was offered fair terms to surrender, and desired to
know his own opinion, which note he sent by a man of his own, who
was led between a son of the Lord of Ikerrin's and another of the Baron
of Loghma's, two captains, through a backway, and not through the town
(which was the right way), that he might not behold, or rather should
believe that there was some stranger and stratagemical preparation in
hands, much like serpents and bugbears such as children are terrified
with. And coming with a drum to the Great Castle, they demanded
conference with Arthur Betesworth, who wished them to give strict
charge and order restraining their shot during the conference, protesting
that if any such thing were done, he would charge his men to shoot the
captains themselves from the wall, who undertook to have given full order
therein already, and yet sent again carefully to prohibit all shooting.
Notwithstanding, Arthur had no sooner put himself upon the wall to
Treachery attend the conference, but a shot was made at him out of
again, the town, but missed him narrowly, at which the two
captains, crying mercy, began to shelter themselves from the wall, and
made away, against whom the warders discharged some five or six
muskets, and hit one of the captains, so that he fell ; but at the last they
both tumbled away, and saved themselves by means of a burnt chimney ;
but, as we heard afterwards, one of the gallants had cause to thank his
buff coat for his life, which proved musket-proof. Now was the lieutenant's
man left alone under the walls, by means whereof he took occasion to go
round to the other side of the castle, where he was taken in. For all
this they were so intent on their business of the Short Castle that they
sent one for an answer to Mr. Williamson, which answer was briefly that
the Lieutenant should not think of rendering on any condition so long
as he could resist ; however, if he could hold out for thirty hours he was
confident of a plentiful and assured relief.
The same day they of the Great Castle sent out a footman to inquire
of the welfare of their friends at Doneraile, withal to inform them how
the country abroad stood, and of the Lord General's inclination or re-
moving from the Lord Roche's, where he had continued sickly since
Friday, with directions to the footboy that if he should fall into the
enemy's hands he should affirm that he came from Cork, and that the
Lord President was coming from thence with all his force for relief of
Moyalloe. This plot fell out right by chance, for the footboy had not
gone a mile from the town before he was seized on by the vigilant
scouts, brought to the camp, and examined by all the lords and council,
22 (OkK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
and forgot not his lesson of the Lord President's march from Cork.
And so they bound him fast, and kept him among their servants in the
house.
And now, the evening approaching, and seeing they could do no
good on the Lieutenant by persuasion, they began to prepare themselves
for the assault on the Short Castle, which was to be performed by the
Lord Roche's, McDonogh's, O'Callaghan's, and Edmond Fitzgerald's
men of the Clonlesse (for the strangers which came out of Tipperary
with the General were now so alienated from the county of Cork men
that they would not adventure a man in the service). To this purpose
there was choice made of a select number of musketeers and of the com-
panies of all those undertakers ; amongst the rest thirteen were chosen
out of the Lord Roche's men, the main part whereof did belong to
Rayle, a freeholder under his lordship ; and Sergeant-Major Purcell
(the ablest soldier amongst them), was designed for the government of
that action, by whose advice they brought their brass piece of artillery
into an upper loft of the house where the Deputy-General lay, and where
they sat in council, situate scarce a musket shot from the castle, against
which they placed it by pulling down some of the shingles of the house,
rather for terror than for service sake ; and about seven o'clock in the
evening, when they began to make their approaches, the officers of these
that were to assault demanded powder for their men, to whom answer
was made by those who came with the General that they had no powder
to spare for that employment, and had very little for themselves, where-
upon the Lord Roche brought in a small proportion of powder, and
distributed it amongst the assailants, giving each not over three shots at
most, and, being thus accommodated, they marched to the castle about
eight or nine o'clock, and then only gave a volley of shot in at the
windows of the Short Castle without hurt, and soon returned back to
supper to the house, immediately after which they began to fall to the
work, and set a great thatch house adjoining the castle on fire with
intent to annoy the defendants. But it proved directly otherwise, for by
the light of that fire those in the castle saw their assailants as well as in
day, and shot at them with advantage. Who, on their first coming, by
their pioneers fell upon a window made of wood, which gave light unto
the kitchen, during whose work the musketeers played on them in the
castle towards the place from whence they saw them shoot, but without
doing them any offence But the defendants on the other side shot out
of their spike-holes at the assailants, who had no shelter, and, therefore,
were sent apace to hell. However, they had within a short time gotten
down the window and some of the wall about it, and made a reasonable
large breach, for the defence of which the Lieutenant and some three or
RISE AND PROGRESS IN MUNSTER OF THE REBELLION. 23
four more came down, and left the rest of their men in the upper rooms
Williamson's to sno°t on the enemy on the outside, who pressed rather
defence. constrainedly than resolutely to make good the breach, so
that it grew to a cruel bloody skirmish, especially on the rebel's part,
who, with shot from above and below out of the breach, fell very fast,
and cried out lamentably on their officers, who thrust them most
barbarously forward to inevitable destruction.
I should have told that, so soon so they began their breach, they dis-
charged their piece of artillery some three times, which made several
holes where the bullets hit as big as a fist, being intended rather to work
terror than execution.
Now, as the breach grew bigger, the assailants still cried out for more
pikemen, who (unwillingly) were brought out of the house, by the use of
which and the rottenness of the wall about the window, they had made
the breach of such large extent that a cart might pass through it But
the Lieutenant on one side of the wall, and one more on the other side
within, made such use of their swords that they cut off the heads of the
pikes as fast as they pushed them in at the breach. In the meanwhile
one Bennett, a blacksmith, having got into a place of advantage upon a
shelf where the enemy's shot could hardly come at him, but he most
easily at them, shot so fast as three people appointed for the purpose
could charge some three or four muskets, wherewith he shot the enemy
in great numbers. And this heat of the fight they continued the most
part of Tuesday night, though with some intermissions, in so much as
the defendants affirm they spent in shooting that night about twenty
pounds of powder, and did usually load every of their muskets with
twelve, fourteen, or sixteen small bullets, and seldom shot but among a
throng of them, so that it is very probable there were made that night
not so few as two hundred Romish Catholic martyrs fit for Pluto's
palace, besides very many hurt, amongst whom Captain Meagh (who
commanded McDonogh's men) was wounded in the arm, and very
luckily had his thigh bone broken, whereby he is qualified for
martyrdom. Likewise 'tis conceived the enemy shot not so much for
want of powder ; with what they had they killed one of the defendants,
Jonathan Smith, a very handsome,(lo) able man, who was shot in the
mouth, and one other in the belly, both which died instantly, and
another or two were light hurt with shot.
About midnight the rebels desired quarter for burying their dead,
which was granted, and in that time of cessation Sergeant-Major Purcell,
coming into the house (where all the lords sat up to expect the event of
Handsome, i.e. "dexterous, handy."
24
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIKTY.
the night's work), was heard to rail extremely at the base cowardliness
and disanimosity of the county of Cork men, with which he protested he
would never adventure his life again, and that whosoever did should lose
his reputation forever ; with many such terms of reproach to them all in
general. However, having refreshed himself and refurnished his men
with a small quantity of powder out of Lord Roche's small store, and
the dead saints being buried (like dogs) in the garden adjoining, he pre-
pares himself again for the assault, and his men with him, with as much
cheerfulness as he hath who is going to the gallows, of whom they in
the castle made sufficient havoc till about two hours before day, at
which time the assailants gave over, not any one of them ever entering
the breach. And carrying away their dead men, they returned back to
their quarters with much loss, for which retreat the defendants were not
sorry, having had their bellyfulls also ; and yet husbanded their time so
well that they employed themselves wholly in making up their breaches
Breach w^ flitches of bacon, tubs of beef, bedding, chests, and
repaired with lumber, hourly expecting a new attempt. Whereunto the
flitches, etc. enemy, having no great stomach, yet did they beyond
measure court to carry the castle by some means or other, rather for
their honour and reputation sake than for any great esteem otherwise
they made of it, in regard this was their masterpiece, and indeed a most
beseeming glorious work for such a confluence of caterpillars to perform.
But on the other hand they found some difficulty in the acquisition
of it by strong hand, and an impossibility of bringing in any more of
their men to the slaughter, who (for all the " Priest's rhethorick " to
the contrary) did chose to survive in a condition of rebellious rogues
(especially while the trade of pilling and pulling the English was in such
high request), rather than die now with martyrdom. And, therefore,
they concluded again to negotiate the surrender thereof on terms of
quarter and composition, whereunto the Lieutenant and associates were
now prepared to lend an indulgent ear, and were invited thereto, partly
through the loss of four of their best men, two killed and two wounded ;
partly by the scarcity of powder which they had left ; partly as they were
extremely wearied, spent with watching, and other duties, four or five
days and nights together ; partly through their disinterest in the place,
having nothing to do therewith but their present being and a little
household stuff ; and, partly being persuaded they could not long hold
out, being still attempted with fresh men ; and that, if they should
expel them by force, they would not leave a soul alive of them. Upon
Short Castle these considerations they did enter into conference with the
rendered on enemy ; and in conclusion it was agreed they should quit
terms
the castle, and carry away their clothes and linen, and part
RISE AND PROGRESS IN MUNSTER OF THE REBELLION. 25
of their victuals, and be conveyed safely to the Great Castle without any
hurt or offence to be offered to them — the Lieutenant only to go away
with his sword, and have a mare of his own which was in the castle —
and to leave their arms and the rest of their things behind them in the
castle to the enemy.
And thereupon the lords and captains came most triumphantly to
receive this new conquest ; and, disarming all the men, they took them
and all the women and children, to number of forty persons, and put
The Lieut.- them all into a room by themselves, and fell on searching
General him- Gf them for money, the Lieutenant-general himself being
Williamson's pleased to descend so low as to search Mr. Williamson's
pocket. pocket, from whence he took half-a-crown, all the money he
had ; and then they began to search the trunks and chests, and had an
inventory taken of all that was found therein, not suffering the pro-
prietors to have any part of it. Nay, they were so far from observing
any part of their quarter that some were heard to say that there was no
quarter to be kept with such English dogs, and that the best way was to
put them into a house and set it on fire ; others, that it was a thousand
pities to suffer them to escape alive who had killed so many of their
friends. And those who had made this agreement began to cast on them
a scornful countenance, and to slink away from the room, whereby the
poor people were perplexed, preparing themselves for execution, to con-
firm which conceit there came up into the room (as the Lieutenant him-
self told me) a fellow with a block under his arm and an axe in his hand,
which made them believe they were designed " baptisterized." It is
probable some such thing was intended, for one of the captains told the
Lieutenant that the common people were so exasperated against them
for the slaughter they had made of their men that it would be a hard
matter to preserve them. As they were in the room, some of the Irish
asked them whither they would go. Some said to the Great Castle, to
whom answer was made that they would that night or next day pull
them out thence by the ears ; others of the English wished themselves
in England, to whom it was replied that they had no business there, in
regard there was as great combustion there as here, so that now there
was no place of retreat left them, unless they would go to purgatory,
whither the uncharitable Pope would admit no such heretics.
Among such passages the Lieutenant pressed himself upon some of
the chief officers who were most interested in composing the quarter, and
told them (whose names he thinks to be Sergeant-Major Purcell and
Colonel Wall, both of the General's party, who had been bred abroad in
(») So in the MS.
26
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII/KOLOOICAL SOCIETY.
the wars), and besought them to consider what obloquy it would bring
to their nation thus to violate their faiths, which very Turks and heathens
would not infringe, and that all the world would say shame on them ;
and with that took hold of one of them, and said if he must needs die it
should be by one of their hands, with whom he had entreated (tz) for his
preservation, and not by the stroke of a common soldier. His vehemency
wrought such an impression on the minds of the commanders that they
readily undertook their safe conduct to utmost of their power ; and with
their swords drawn wished the English to follow them, and brought them
with much difficulty through the streets and very great throng of people,
who cursed" them, and would fain have been revenged on them, but were
kept off by the commanders, who brought them within shot of the Great
Castle, where they were joyfully received, who began to prepare the best
they could for the enemy, whom they expected that Wednesday night
the 1 6th February.
The rebels But behold, about three o'clock that afternoon they did
retreat. observe that the carriages first, in greater abundance, and
aftewards the rebels themselves in a far greater, began to march out of the
town ; the greatest part of them towards Lord Roche's country, and the rest
towards Buttevant. At sight whereof they of the castle sent out scouts
on horseback, on whose return, and by the relation of a prisoner they
took, they understood the enemy were gone clean away, and in some
haste, fear, and distraction, and the truth was there not a man left in the
town by time it was dark. It was said to be two hours in the night
before they came to the Lord Roche's house at Castletown, and that
they (I conceive) those of the General's party entertained themselves
there in spite of his teeth ; and not so much as bade him farewell the
next morning, but departed with wonderful discontent, and took Lord
Roche's prey of his country away with them.
But before they departed from Moyalloe, they first set the town on
fire in five or six places, with intention to totally destroy it, though it
pleased God many of the stout houses were saved through the extreme
wetness of the season. Amongst the rest, the Short Castle was set on fire,
said to be an act of Lord Roche's, who was seen to direct the carrying
in of a burden of straw, and to follow it himself with a firebrand.
The Short Castle (which was a place of very good receipt and
commorancy (l3> for the Lord President of Munster) was consumed to
O2) i.e. treated. The preservation of the English prisoners by those officers from
the violence of the common soldiers is of the same character as the subsequent action
of Lord Muskerry, who hung some of his own followers for robbery contrary to express
orders.
(13) From commoratio, " a sojourning." The writer airing his Latin as usual.
RISE AND PROGRESS IN MUNSTER OF THE REBELLION, 2 J
the very ground, and all the English goods left there mostly destroyed.
Although, this caused multitude of miscreants begone hence (whatever,
let them never return without confusion !), yet will it not be impertinent
to take cognizance of some particulars fit for the reader's information,
— first, as to the speedy running away of the enemy : — to know this it
will be fit to know that these lords, officers and captains did little else
at Moyalloe (as you have heard), than spend their time between
Friday and Wednesday in consultations about ordering the war for that
province in future. And therein the first question moved was who
should command in chief as general (for Lord Mountgarret was
determined to desert that employment, in regard of his remote dwelling,
and that he foresaw he should have work enough to secure his own
■pv i . country). For which command in chief the Baron of
Debate as to J J
the chief Loghma (named Purcell) thought himself fittest, as he was
command. ^he first in the province that went out and declared
himself in action, by whose assistance many towns of strength had been
taken, and the business put forward. And to him it seems the General's
party did much incline ; but Lord Roche and McDonogh could not
endure such language, and took it in great scorn that so mean a man
should have such ambitious thoughts as to command them, his superiors
in all things. This contestation came to heat, and so many words of
offence were multiplied, that they were almost at daggers' drawing, and
the Baron and his colleagues told them they would leave them to
themselves, and march out of the country with their whole army ; and
charged those of the county of Cork vehemently for circumventing them
by drawing them into the country, and promising that their men should
have the benefit of robbing and pilling the numerous English there-
about— and they not being able to give them any other wages but
pilling and polling — though the day before the army came into the
country they themselves had rifled all the English, of purpose to
prevent them of their expected booty, and for those injuries they would
leave them to their fortune.
But this proposition of forsaking them did so much offend those of the
county Cork, that McDonogh said that, since the General's party had
dealt so unworthily with him as to draw him into this action and then
depart, he had no other means to save himself but flying into Spain ;
and Lord Roche told them he would rather have given ;£ 10,000 than
be thus deceived ; however, he had in his time gone through great
matters, and doubted not but to wade through this, and overcome it.
During this discussion the Short Castle was surrendered, from which
Baron of Loghma and the rest expected their equal shares of pillage,
which Lord Roche, McDonogh and the rest thought not fit to admit, as
28
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
none were used in that enterprise but their men, whereof they lost a
great number and Lord Roche's powder; and from this difference it is
thought the burning of the castle did arise. Howsoever, the General's
party gave present order for the marching away of their men and
carriages out of the town, which was done not without much confusion
and incredible celerity, occasioned by this means : — You may remember
the messenger sent from the Great Castle being taken, and what he
told the enemy as pre-admonished beforehand, that the Lord President
was coming with all his forces to the relief of Moyalloe, and that they
of the Great Castle, writing to Lieut. Williamson, gave him assurance if
he should hold out thirty hours he would be relieved. And this
Wednesday morning a man of Lord Roche's gave him intelligence that
he had seen about sunrise the Lord President's troop of horse about
three miles from Moyalloe, coming from Cork ; which in part was true
for Captain Beredges, who commanded that troop, was by chance come
that way with twenty horse, on chance of meeting stragglers from the
great army. All these things bred such a belief in the enemy that the
Lord President was making towards them, that they fled away in great
disorder when the sun was not an hour high, although, without question,
they were resolved to march thence a day or two after. And they went
Thursday, s0 precipitately that the next day, Thursday, when they of
17th February, the castle could safely issue into the town, it appeared to
them that the enemy had no intention of departing so suddenly, for
they found in every house great store of muttons ready dressed, to
number of four hundred, and very many quarters of beef untouched ;
and in places brewing of beer setting forward, which the English
finished next day ; and many hides and other things were left behind,
which they would not have done but for the haste they made.
But he that would view without reluctance the beastliness, spoil, and
barbarism remaining to their everlasting shame, had, I dare say, a
heart as impenetrable as their intentions were mischievous. The lower
rooms of most of the houses were converted into stables, the upper to
lodgings, where not only the flesh, but the garbage, guts, and maws of
the sheep and cows lay stinking noisomely in the very chambers where
some of the chief lords and gentlemen lodged, which for mere laziness
their servants would not cast out of doors. Their bedding and meat so
sordid and nasty that a right-bred English dog would have scouted
either ; all things presented to the smell a most excrementitious
perfume. Of the stools, bedsteads, chairs, cupboards, doors and posts,
they made heretics, and burned as the relics of Protestant superstition.
Of lead and iron they were so covetous, that they brake most of the
glass windows for the one, and tore in pieces doors for twists and
RISE AND PROGRESS OF THE REBELLION IN MUNSTER. 20.
hinges ; and cellar windows, harrows, wheels, ploughs, and all things
wherein was a piece of iron, even as big as a thumb, for the other.
Every garden and backside was furnished with lambs and calves taken
out of their dams' bellies, and shoulders of beef, muttons' bellies, which
stank everywhere profoundly, so that the poor people of the town
abhorred their former dwellings.
The townsmen found that morning two great sows/I4) one fully, the
other almost finished, made musket proof, with four wheels, and so large
that 30 men might easily move in them, whereof they made matter for
the fire to work on. Also the enemy had barricaded every entrance
into the town with cupboards, forms, tables, frames and such like lumber,
to hinder the horse coming on them which they expected from Cork.
And within a mile of the town on the way they went, there were
afterwards found in ditches and furze, barrels of biscuit, a bag of bullets
for ordnance, a mortar, and such things cast away that they might fly
the faster ; nay, they made such haste that they left behind them the
carriage of their piece of artillery. You will wonder when I tell you
that the enemy, in one week which they spent in Buttevant and
Moyalloe, viz., from Wednesday to Wednesday, did consume at least
40,000 English sheep, and probably three or four thousand English
cows and oxen. I received from a credible relation that they most
wickedly killed abundance of this number of sheep merely for their
skins, which they sold for one penny farthing each to skinners of
Kilmallock, who followed the camp for that purpose, and threw away
the flesh. Few of these sheep had less than ten pounds of wool on
them, being of so large a kind as in the best places in England.
(x4) This preparation of sows for the attack of a castle defended by cannon and
hand-guns is a remarkable survival of the ancient mode of attack, but it must be
remembered that the cannon of the besieged was mounted on a platform on the top of
the Great Castle, and could not bear on the sow close under the walls. A sow was
actually used about this time at the siege of Ballyally Castle, in county Clare (see
Narratives Illustrative of the Contests in Ireland i7i 1641 and 1690; edited for the
Camden Society by Thomas Crofton Croker, in 1841).
(To be continued?)
30 CORK HISTORICAL AN I) ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
JSfotes on the Council J3ooK 0/ ClonaKilty,
Now in the possession of the Rev. J. Hume Townscnd, I). D.
Collected by DOROTHEA TOWNSHENI).
Burrough of ^ a court ^or sa^ Dorough on Wednesday, the 19th of
Clou hnakilt Ju^' Michael Beecher was sworn burgess of the said corpo-
' ration before the Right Honble. Piers Id. viscount Ikerrin, suffrain,
and the undernamed burgesses.
Ikerrin, Robt. Gillman,
Ralph Freke, Willm. Hull.
Arnold Gookin,
At a court holden on Tuesday, the 25th of July, 17 10, Mr. John
urroug l oj j_[onner ^r R0Dert Travers, and Mr. Arnold Gookin were chosen
Cloiighnakilty. ' ' rx tt
and elected to be presented into the Rt- Hon^e. Henry Boyle, that
one of them may be nominated and appointed to be suffrain for the ensuing year,
according to her Majesty's gracious grant in that behalf.
Ikerrin, Suff»- Ran. Warner,
Ralph Freke, Robt. Gillman.
Robert Travers,
At a court holden on St. Luke's day, being the 18th 8t>er, 1710,
ur oug oj -jYlr. John Homier, one of the free burgesses of the said burrough, pur-
suant to the nomination and appointment of the Rt. Honble. Henry
Boyle, lord of the said town, and according to the charter of the said burrough, was
sworn suffrain of the said burrough for the year ensuing, and had the ensigns of
authority delivered to him before the late suffrain and burgesses undernamed.
Ikerrin, Rob. Travers,
Jonas Stawell, John Bourne,
Richd. Cox, Arnold Gookin,
Ran. Warner, Robt. Gillman.
On the 25th of January, 1710, Arthur Bernard, esqre» was sworn
Burrough of freeman an(j burgess of the said burrough before the suffrain and
undernamed burgesses.
John Honner, Suffm., Arnold Gookin,
Robert Travers, Robt. Gillman,
Willm. Hull, Jonas Stawell.
At the same court Mr. George Roan, Mr. Thos. Story, Mr. Stephen Jermyn, Mr.
John Adams, and Mr. Thomas Bennett, were sworn freemen of the said corporation
before the suffrain and undernamed. John Honnor, Suffrn-
Arthur Bernard, of Palace Anne, son of Francis Bernard, of Castle-
mahon, born 1666, M.I3, for Bandon 1713-14. {See "Cork M.P.'s.,"
Journal Cork Hist. Soc, 2nd ser., i., 75.)
NOTES ON THE COUNCIL BOOK OF CLONAKILTY.
On the 6th of March, 1710, Capt. George Wandesford, Mr. James
Burrough of Kingstori( Mr. j0hn Kingston, Mr. Samuel Kingston, Mr. Samuel
* Fitzjames Kingston, Mr. Jeremy Sullivan, and Mr. Edward Goodchild,
were sworn freemen of the said corporation before the suffrn. and undernamed bur-
gesses.
John Honner, Suffrn., Robert Gillman,
Robt. Travers, Emanuel Moore.
Captain George Wandesford, second son of Sir Christopher Wandes-
ford, Viscount Castlecomer and Earl Wandesford, by Elizabeth, daughter
of George Montague, of Horton, Northants. He married Susanna,
daughter of the Rev. John Griffith, archdeacon of Killaloe, by whom he
had John, his heir, and two daughters. George Wandesford succeeded
his nephew as fourth viscount in 1736.
Memor — The suffrain, recorder, and burgesses have sett and lett
„7 , * .1± unto Phillip Pine the fairs and markets, tolls and customs, with the
Cloughnakilty. „ 5 „ , ,
alienage, for one year for the rent of £25 5s. steri-, to be paid as
followeth, provided the said Pine gives security, viz., £9 8s. 4d. ster1- on the first day
of ober., £g 8s. 4d. the 25th of March, and £9 8s. 4d. sterl. the 29th of Sept. following.
Whereof the said suffrain reed. £0 5s. od. in hand. Sign'd by order,
Saml. Birde, Dept- Record.
, Generalis sessio pacis tenta & Burgibus pre'nt et Libertatibus
r/ h b'Jf~ ejus^em coram Joh'nes Honner, ar. et burg. pr. et justiciarus ad paizes,
13 die Junii, 171 1.
Norn, grand jur. — Henry Hayes, senr-, Henry Hayes, junr-i John Teage, James
Spiller, John Bennett, senr-, John Bennett, junr., Nicholas Bennet, Ferdinando Spiller,
Daniel Carthy, Samuel Gilbertson, Francis Spiller, Phillip Pyne, Thos. Bennett,
Stephen Holmes, Dens. Masterman.
We find and present that the watercourse coming from Skirtagh, running through
the street of this burrough is a nusence, and ought to be kept in the old watercourse ;
and any pson. that should be found guilty of turning the said stream shall for the first
offence forfeit the sum of two shillings and sixpence ster'-. and for every offence after
shall forfeit the sum of three shillings sterl-, the said sum to be levyed by way of dis-
tress, if need be, by the suffrain's warrant in being, to the constables of the said
burrough to collect the same.
We confirm all former presentments. We appoint Capt". Richard Hungerford
and Mr. Robert Gillman to be way-wardens for the same burrough.
Saml- Birde, Dept. Rec.
At a court holden on Wednesday, the 25th day of July, 171 1, Sir
Cloughnakilty ^manuel Moore, baronet, Robert Travers, and Arnold Gookin, were
chosen" and elected to be presented unto the Rt. Hon^le Henry Boyle,
that one of them may be nominated and appointed to be suffrain for the next ensuing
year, according to her Majesty's most gracious grant in that behalf.
John Honner, Suffn- Arth. Bernard,
Robert Travers, Ralph Freke,
Emanuel Moore, Ran. Warner,
Michael Becher, Robt. Gillman.
CORK HISTORICAL AND AKCII/ICOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Whereas wee, the suffrain, deputy recorder, and free burgesses of the bur. de
Cloughnakilty, met at a court in the said borough on the feast of Saint Luke last past
to swear a new suffrain, in obedience to an express'd clause in the charter of the said
burrough ; and whereas it then appeared to us by the positive assertion of Mr. William
Snowe, agent for the lord of the burrough, that the said lord had made his election of
one of the three free burgesses elected and presented unto him for his nomination to
serve as suffrain for the present year ; and whereas the sd. Ld. was in England, and
there was then five packetts due by reason of the contrary winds, so that we cou'd
receive no nomination ; and the sd. agent having brought into court Richd- French, esqre»
councellor-at-law, who, in defence of the lord of the burrough, by his council pleaded
the reasonableness of our defending to swear a new suffrain, in consideration whereof
and of our great regard to the Ld. of the burrough, we did accordingly adjourn our court
to this day ; and the lord's agent presenting to us the Ld. of the burrough's lettr.
appointing Robert Travers; esqre> to be suffrain, wee have accordingly thought fitt to
swear him, the sd. Robert Travers, suffrain of this borough for the present year.
Dated the 25th of 8ber., 171 T.
. At a court held for sd. burrough on Wednesday, the 25th of 8ber., 171 it
CloughtfaHtty ^°^ert Travers, esq., one of the free burgesses of the sd. corporation,
pursuant to the nomination and appointment of the Rt. Honble. Henry
Boyle, Ld. of the sd. burro, was sworn suffrain of the sd. burrogh, and had the ensign
of authority delivered to him by the late suffrain and undernam'd burgesses.
John Honner, William Hull,
Emanuel Moore, Arnold Gookin.
The suffrain, recorder, and burgesses have sett unto Jonas Stawell,
urroug of eS(^Y> ^Q fajrs an(j markets, tolls and customs, with alienage, except
' only the custom of fresh fish on the week days, for the rent of
£29 5s. sterl., to be paid as followeth, viz., £9 15s. on the 2nd day of ober next,
£9 15s. on the 26th of March, and £9 15s. on the 29th day of September. Dated this
27th Of 8ber., 1 j 11.
Signed by order, Saml- Birde, Dept. Recorder,
Memo1- — The above Jonas Stawell has passed bonds for the above sums.
At a court held for the sd. burrough on Wednesday, the ninth of
Burrough of januaryj \jut Mr. Edward Alleyn and Mr. John Evans were sworn
freemen of this corporation before the undernamed burgesses.
Robert Travers, Suffn. William Hull.
John Honner.
. . At a court held for the said burrough on Friday, the 25th day of
JBzifyott&Ji of
Clou hnakilty Ju^» J7I2» William Hull, John Bourne, esqre> and Arthur Bernard,
esqr> were elected and chosen to be p'sented unto the Rt. Honble.
Henry Boyle, to the end that one of them may be nominated and appointed to be
suffrain for the next ensuing year, according to her Majesty's most gracious grant in
that behalfe.
Robert- Travers, Suffm-. Richard Sweet,
Richard Cox, Randel Warner,
Robert Gillman, Joseph Jervois.
Arnold Gookin.
NOTES ON THE COUNCIL BOOK OF CLONAKILTY. 33
Att a court held for said burrough on Wednesday, the first of 8ber-»
Clotighnakilty 1712> William Mayne was sworn freeman of the sd. corpn. before
the suffrain and undernamed burgesses.
Robert Travers, Suff™., William Hull.
Att a court held for the said burrough on St. Luke's day, being the
Clou^hiiakilty 1 8th of 8ker., 1712, Arthur Bernard, esq., one of the free burgesses of the
said corporation, pursuant to the nomination and appointment of the
Rt. Honble. Henry Boyle, lord of this burrough, was sworn suffrain of the said
burrough, and had the ensigns of authority delivered to him by the late suffrain and
undernamed burgesses.
Robert Travers, Suffrn. John Bourne,
Robt. Travers, John Honner,
Joseph Jervois, Arnold Gookin,
Richd. Cox, Robert Gillman.
At the same court John Mead and Nicholas Bennett were sworn serjts. of the sd.
corporation.
At the same court Morris Crosby and Abraham French were sworn freemen of the
said corporation before the suffrain and undernamed burgesses.
Arth. Bernard, Suffrn. Richard Cox.
William Hull.
Abraham French, probably son of Alderman James French, of Cork.
Abraham was admitted freeman of Cork on his father's death, 171 1.
Att a court held for the said burrough the 5th of March, 17 12,
Clou^hliakilty Capt- Harry Freke was sworn burgess of the said corpn. before the
suffrain and undernamed burgesses. At the same court Mr. Nathaniel
Danger was sworn freeman of the said corporation.
Arthk- Bernard, Suffrn-> Arnold Gookin.
Recognisance of the peace, taken before Arthur Bernard, esqr> suffrain, this 26th
day of May, 1713, Dermod Donovan, bound over to the next sessions to be held for
the corporation, obliges himself in the sum of twenty pounds sterl. for his appearance.
Alexander Arundel acknowledges himself to be indebted to the Queen in the sum
of ten pounds sterl. that the said Donovan shall appear at the next session, and that
the said Donovan shall not depart the court without lycence.
At a court held for the said burrough on Wednesday, the 27th day
Cloughnakilt °^ ^a^' I7I3' ^e undernamed psons. were sworn freemen of the
' corporation before Arthur Bernard, suffrain, and the undernamed
burgesses. Thomas Ware, John Woods, Charles Viniole, William White, William
Daunt, John Gush, George Clerke, Thos. Smith, John Gibson, Daniel Keeffe, Michael
Hornbrook, Alexander Arandall, Florence Donovan, Willm. Spiller, Robert Morley,
John Howard, William House, Robt. Cusick, Willm. Stone, Daniel Heginton, Joseph
Bennett, George Muney, Thos. Legbetter, John Martin.
Arthur Bernard, Suff., John Honner,
Will. Hull, Robert Gillman.
3
34
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
At a court held for the scl burrough on Saturday, the 25th of July,
f7 ^1 kiltv JosePn Jervois, esq*". Arnold Gookin, and William Hull were
chosen and elected to be presented unto the Rt. Honoljle Henry
Boyle, to the end that he may nominate and appoint one of them to be suffrain for the
next ensuing year, according to her Majesty's gracious grant in that behalf.
Arthur Bernard, Stiff., Robt. Travers,
John Honner, George Freke,
John Bourne, Ran. Warner,
Richard Sweet, Ha. Freke.
At the same court Mr. William Lukey and Mr. John Sweet were sworn freemen ot
the corporation, as allso Mr. Francis Beamish and Leutenant John Clerke were sworn
freemen before Arthur Bernard, esqr> suffrain.
Samuel Birde, Depty. Record.
On Saturday, the 17th of 8ber, 171$, Mr. William Snow, Mr. John
ClZ^iliakilty Leech> Mr- Anthony Harris, Mr. Arthur Keef, Mr. Francis Smith, were
' sworn freemen of this corporation before the deputy suffrain and
deputy recorder. Robert Gillman, Deputy Suffrn.,
Saml. Birde, Deputy Recorder.
At a court held for the sd burrough on Saint Luke's Day, being the
Clou^hnakitt *9th of ^ber' I71^' JosePh Jervois, esqr, one of the free burgesses of
' the corporation, pursuant to the nomination and appointment of the
Rt. HonUe. Henry Boyle, Id. of sd. burrough, was sworn suffrn. of the sd. burrough,
and has the ensigns of authority delivered unto him by the late suffrain and under-
named burgesses,
Arthur Bernard, John Bourne,
Robert Travers, Robert Gillman.
Arnold Gookin.
At a court held for the said burrough the 19th day of 8ber, 1713,
_urroug oj Richd. Will and Mr. Joseph Jervois, jum-. were sworn freemen
' before the undernamed suffrain and burgesses.
Joseph Jervois, Suffrn., Michael Beecher.
At the same court Mr. William Hanglisr, Mr. Fardinando Spiller, and Mr. Saml.
Gillberson were sworn constables, and Mr. John and Nicholas Bennett were sworn
sergts.
At a court held for sd. burro, on Wednesday, 24th 8ber, 1713^ Townesend Varion
was sworn freeman before me.
Joseph Jervois, Suff, Robt. Gillman.
The suffrain, the undernamed burgesses, and deputy recorder have
urro™& \% set unto Samuel Gillbertson the fairs and markets, tolls and customs,
* ' for the rent of ^30 5s. sterl. for one year, to be paid in three gales —
viz., the 1st day of ober, 1713; the 26th March, 1714; and the 30th of 7^, 1714.
Dated the 21st day of 8ber, 1713. Signed by order,
Saml. Birde, Dept. Record-
NOTES ON THE COUNCIL BOOK OF CLONAKILTY.
35
This day being the 24th gber, 17 14, the former election being by
Burroug of ^ Durgesses 0f the burrough laid aside, they came by the direction
' and opinion of the recorder, Francis Bernard, esq1-, hereunto annexed,
to a new election, and chose Joseph Jervois, esqr> present suffrain. Robert Gillman
and Arnold Gookin were chosen and elected to be presented unto the Rt. Hon. Henry
Boyle, to the end that one of them may be nominated and appointed to be suffrain for
the next ensuing year ; and, pursuant to the appointment of the said Henry Boyle,
Joseph Jervois, esq1-) was sworn suffrain of the sd. burrough, and had the ensigns of
authority delivered unto him.
Arthur Bernard, Robt. Gillman,
Geor. Freke, George Wandesford.
Richard Sweet.
, „ Pursuant to a precept directed to the suffrain, burgesses, and
BllWOU °7s of
Clou hnakilt commona^y °f ^is burrough, returnable on Friday, the 20th day of
' 9^er next, grounded on her Majesty's writt of summons, to choose two
burgesses of the most discrete and sufficient men of the said town to be and appr. at
the next parliament to be held at Dublin on the 20th day of 9ber next, wee, the
said suffrain and burgesses and comonalty elected and chosen Sr Ralph Freke and
Brigadier George Freke to serve in the said parliament, this 28th of 8ber, 1713.
Joseph Jervois, Suffrn-. Arthur Bernard,
Robert Travers, Robt. Gillman,
Jonas Travers, Arnold Gookin,
Michl. Beecher, Randle. Warner,
Robt. Travers, John Bourne.
John Honnor,
At a court holden for sd. burrough on Tuesday, the 19th day of
Cloughnakilty Janu' I7I3» Mr- RoDert Salmon was admitted an attr- for the sd.
' burrough. Signed by order,
Saml. Birde, Dept. Record*-
At a court holden for sd. burrough on Wednesday, the 3rd of
Clou hnakilt ^arch, I7I3» Capt. John Birde was sworn freeman of the said corpor
' before me. Joseph Jervois, Suffn-
At the same court John Arandell and Danl Donovan were sworn freemen of this
corporation before Joseph Jervois, esqr> suffn- Signed by order,
Saml. Birde, Dept. Rec^r.
At a court held for sd. burrough on Wednesday, the 21st of April,
Cloughnakilty. 17 H' HumPhry Harrington was sworn freeman before Joseph
' Jervois, esqr- suffrn- Signed by order,
Saml- Birde, Dept. Rec.
At the same court Josiah Bateman was sworn freeman before the sd. suffrain.
At a court held for sd. burrough on Saturday, the 7th of August,
Cloughnakilt l/ Mr* Percy Donovan> Barthw Donovan, and Mr. Morgan Donovan
' were sworn freemen of sd. corpor. before the suffrain.
Joseph Jervois, Suffrn.
36
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII/KOLOGICAI, SOCIETY.
At a court held for the sd. burrough on Wednesday, the 8th of
£i , S/-7// Sept., 1 7 14, Capt. George Wandisford was sworn free burgess of the
' sd. corpor. before the suffrain and undernamed burgesses.
Joseph Jervois, Suffm, Geor. Freke,
ROBT. GlLLMAN, HAR. FREKE.
George, second son of Sir Christopher Wandesford, Viscount Castle-
comer and Earl Wandesford, by Elizabeth, daughter of George Montague,
of Horton, Northants. George Wandesford succeeded his nephew as
fourth viscount in 1736. He married Susanna, daughter of the Ven.
John Griffith, archdeacon of Killaloe, and had a son, John, fifth viscount
and two daughters. The title is now extinct.
At a court of record held for sd. burrough on St. Luke's day, being
urroug of ^ g ^ ^ October, 1714, Toseph Jervois. esq1", was continued suffrain
Cloughnakilty. r . , , n ,
for the ensuing year by the undernamed burgesses, and had the ensigns
of authority delivered to him.
John Bourne, Ha. Freke,
Arnold Gookin, Geo. Wandisford,
Robt. Gillman, Geor. Freke.
At a court held for the sd. burrough, the 27th 8ber, 1714, Benjamin Herd was sworn
freeman of the sd. corporation before me. Joseph Jervois.
Burrough of At a court held on Monday, the first of o>er, 1714, Mr. Jonathan
Cloughnakilty. Tanner was sworn freeman of the said corporation.
Joseph Jervois, Surf™.
Burrough of Generalis sessio, gracis Tenta, and burgibus P. edict & libertatiby
Clotighnakilty. ejusdem on Wednesday, die 9 brii, 17 14, coram.
Josephus Jervois, esqr. Suffrain.
Non. Jur. Inquister. — Edward Warner, Willm- Daunt, John Woods, Francis Smith,
Robert Manley,John Clarke, Edward Spiller, John Bennett, jun^ John Arandell, Daniel
Carty, Thos Baily, Henry Hayes.
( To be continued.)
CORK M.P'S.
37
Cork jVLfs, 1559-1800.
Being a Biographical Dictionary of the Members of Parliament for the
City, the County, and the Boroughs of the County of Cork, from the
earliest returns to the union.
By C M. TENISON, B.L., M.R.I.A.
Morres, Lodge Evans (afterwards Lord Frankfort).
M.P. Bandon, 1775-83; 1783-90; 1790-96.
Son of Redmond Morres, barrister-at-law, by Elizabeth, only daughter and heir of
Francis Lodge, of Dublin, and nephew of first Viscount Mountmorres.
He was born 26th January, 1747; barrister-at-law, 1769; ll.d. (hon. cau.) t.c.d.,
1770; receiver-general of the Post Office; high sheriff, county Kilkenny; principal
secretary to the Lord Lieutenant, and privy councillor, 1795 ; master of Permit Office
and Lord of the Treasury, 1797. In 1783 he was elected for Newtown, county Down,
as well as for Bandon, but sat for the latter; was M.P. also for Inistiogue, 1768-76;
Ennis, 1796-97; Dingle, 1798-1800; created (as a reward for his vote for the Union)
Baron Frankfort 30th July, 1800, and Viscount Franhfoi't de Montrnore?icy 22nd.
January, 1816. He assumed in 181 5 the name of De Montmorency, in lieu of Morres,
alleging a descent — which is unproven, and seems to be purely imaginary — from the
great French house of that name.
He married, first, in January, 1771, Mary, daughter of Joseph Fade, the Quaker
banker, of Dublin (see my " Old Dublin Bankers," vol. iii.,- page 102, of the Journal)%
but she d.s.p. 7th February, 1787 ; he married secondly, 6th August, 1804, Catherine,
daughter of Mr. George White, of Castle Bellingham (she died 185 1), and had issue.
Ancestor of the present Viscount Frankfort. He died 22nd September, 1822.
Morris, Abraham, of Hanover Hill.
M.P. Cork County, 1791-97.
Eldest son of Jonas Morris, of Barleyhill, j.p., by Mary Townsend.
He was high sheriff of county Cork, 1760 and 1782; j.p.; was a partner in the
bank of Morris, Leycester and McCall (see Journal, p. 9, vol. ii.).
He married, 16th July, 1779, Thomasine, daughter of William Connor, m.p. (q.v.),
and died 1822, leaving issue. Ancestor of Morris of Dunkettle.
Morris, Jonas, of Cork.
M.P. Cork City, 1731, till his decease in 1735.
Doubtless related to the foregoing, but not his father.
Morris, Samuel, of Ballyhegan {sic), Kerry.
M.P. Castlemartyr, 1695-99.
Son of Samuel Morris, of Ballybeggan.
Was a colonel in the army; was M.P. also for Tralee, 1703-13 ; 1713-14; 1714 till
his death in the same or following year.
Mur rough (or Morrogh), Andrew.
M.P. Kinsale in James II.'s Parliament, 1689.
Son and heir of James Murrough (or Morrogh), of Cork (1668), and "brother and heir
to James Murrough — his elder brother— in 1663.
38
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Entered Gray's Inn, 1668; a barrister-at-law ; elected and sworn in as recorder of
Kinsale, 28th February, 1687, under the new charter granted to the borough by King
James. Was one of the assessors lor county Cork for James II. 's tax on personal
estates " for the benefit of trade and commerce." Lost in the Williamite confiscations
property of an annual value of £80.
MacCarthy, Charles, of Ballea.
M.P. Bandon in King James II. 's Parliament, 1689.
Son of Teige MacCarthy, of Ballea. Was a colonel in James II. 's service.
He married Joan, fourth daughter of Teige (or Duna) MacCarthy, by his second
wife, Honora O'Donovan, and died 8th May, 1704, and buried at Kilcrea.
MacCarthy (Reagh), Daniel.
M.P. Bandon in James II.'s Parliament, 1689.
Son and heir of Cormac (or Charles) MacCarthy Reagh by Eleanor, daughter of Cormac
(MacCarthy), Viscount Muskerry, and nephew maternally of Donough, Earl of Clan-
carty (see MacCarthy Donough, m.p).
In 1688 he raised for King James a regiment of infantry. Was deputy lieutenant
of Cork county, 1690.
He married Maria, daughter of Richard Townsend, m.p. (q.v.), and widow of
Owen, and had issue two daughters, who died unmarried. He died 1691.
MacCarthy, Daniel " Fion."
M.P. Clonakilty in James II.'s Parliament, 1689.
"Sovereign" of Clonakilty, having been appointed by the new charter granted by
King James, 12th July, 1688.
MacCarthy, Sir Donough, knt. (afterwards Viscount Muskerry and Earl
of Clancarty).
M.P. Cork County, 1634-39.
Eldest son of Cormac Oge MacCarthy (who was created Baron of Blarney and
Viscount Muskerry, 1628), by Lady Margaret O'Brien, daughter of fourth Earl of
Thomond.
He was born 1594; succeeded as Viscount Muskerry, 1640; general of the King's
(Charles I.) forces in Munster, 1641 ; created Earl of Clancarty, 1658.
He married Mary Butler, sister of first Duke of Ormonde, and had issue (see
MacCarthy, Justin, m.p.) He died 1665. (For a full account of his life, see Diet. Nat.
Biog.; Webb, etc.)
MacCarthy, Dermot, of Lohort.
M.P. Cork County, 16 13.
Son of Owen MacCarthy.
He had letters-patent 13th James I., of the greater part of Duhallow; he borrowed
from Sir Philip Perceval, on the security of the lands of Kanturk, Lohort, etc., a sum
of money " more than the entire worth of the estates." MacCarthy joined the rebels
in i64i, and lost his equity of redemption, and being in default, Perceval entered into
possession of the estates, which are still held by his descendant, the Earl of Egmont.
MacCarthy, Justin (afterwards titular Viscount Mountcashell).
M.P. Cork County in James II.'s Parliament, 1689.
Third son of Donough MacCarthy, Earl of Clancarty {q.v.) ; was created Viscount
Mountcashell, by King James ; but the title — like all those conferred by him after his
abdication of the English throne, but while he was de pire King of Ireland — was not
recognised.
CORK M.P'S.
39
He died at Barrege, in France, of a wound received five years previously.
He married Lady Arabella Went worth, daughter of the famous Earl of Strafford,
and had issue two daughters. (For a full account of his career, see O'Callaghan's
Irish Brigades; Diet. Nat. Biog.; Webb, etc.)
MacCarthy, Owen.
M.P. Clonakilty in James II. 's Parliament, 1689.
Colonel of King James's 36th Regiment, 1689. Went to France with the King, 1690.
" Descended from Sir Owen MacCarthy, fourth son of Donald Fineen MacCarthy
Reagh, and Elinor, daughter of Gerald, eighth Earl of Kildare." — Smith.
McDonnell, Charles, of New Hall, Ennis.
M.P. Rathcormick, 1797- 1800.
Son of Charles McDonnell, m.p., by Catherine, daughter of Sir Edward O'Brien, of
Dromoland, bart.
Born 1761; lieutenant-colonel commanding the Earl of Belvidere's Regiment in
Canada; M.P. also for Clare and Yarmouth; a Commissioner of Accounts, 1802.
He married 17th February, 1785, Bridget, third daughter of John Bayly, of Des-
borough (she died 15th March, 1800), and had issue. Ancestor of New Hall family.
He died 6th September, 1803.
Nagle, David, of Carrigoone.
M.P. Mallow in James II. 's Parliament, 1689.
Had a son, Joseph Nagle, who was admitted to Gray's Inn, 1696.
Nagle, Sir Richard, knt.
M.P. Cork County in James II. 's Parliament, 1689.
Son of James Nagle, of Clogher, county Cork: admitted Gray's Inn, 1663; a barrister-
at-law ; succeeded Sir William Dunville as Attorney-General (I.), 1686; speaker of
James II. 's Parliament, held in Dublin ; Secretary of State, and Secretary for War.
" He was at first designed for the priesthood and educated amongst the Jesuits, but
afterwards studied the law, in which he arrived to a good perfection, and was employed
by many Protestants." Drew up the Act of Settlement, and Act of Attainder. Author
of the Coventry Letter, 26th October, 1686, in which he proposed repealing these Acts.
Arrived with Lord Tyrconnell and Sir Stephen Rice in Gal way, in January, 1691,
with ^8,ooo, to carry on the war against William III. In August, 1691, he, with
Sir Alexander Fitton and Mr. Plowden, were appointed by James, Lord Justices of
Ireland, by a commission brought over from France by Plowden, but it never took
effect. He was knighted 20th February, 1686-7, bY Lord Deputy Tyrconnell. He
resided at Carrignaconny Castle, county Cork.
He married Jane, eldest daughter of James Kearney, of Rathcoole, county Tip-
perary, and had issue. His eldest son Richard, married Anne, daughter of Oliver Grace,
of Shangaragh, and d.s.p.; another son married Margaret, daughter of Colonel Walter
Burke, of the Mayo family.
Sir Richard Nagle's brother Pierce, was high sheriff, county Cork, 1689, and
married Mary Kearney, or O'Kearney, sister of Lady Nagle. (See Diet. Nat. Biog.;
Webb; Macaulays History, etc.)
He wen ham 5 Thomas, of Coolmore.
M.P. Cork City, 1751-60.
Son of William Newenham, of Coolmore, by Dorothea, daughter and heir of Edward
Worth, baron of the Exchequer.
He was born 27th August, 1729; married, first, Hon. Susannah Wandesforde,
daughter of George, Viscount Castlecomer; she d.s.p. 1754. Married secondly, March,
4o
CORK HISTORICAL AND AkCII/l< OLOGICAL SOCIKTY.
1760, Elizabeth, eldest daughter of William Dawson, of Castle Dawson; she died
24th December, 1763, leaving issue. Ancestor of present Coolmore family. He was
high sheriff of Cork, 1756, and died 1766.
Norris, Sir John, knt.
M.P. Cork County, 1585.
Son of Henry, Lord Norris, of Rycote.
Was Lord President of Munster, 1584 ("fee ^130 6s. 8d."), but resigned in 1585,
on being sent "to the assistance of the Hollanders;" colonel-general of the English
in the Low Countries; knighted in Holland, by Lord Leicester, 1586; marshal of the
Army under Hohenlohe, and general of the Auxiliary English in Brittany ; settled
the House of Braganza on the throne of Portugal. Was sent in 1595 against Tyrone
and the Ulster rebels, with whom he made a truce, which was broken by Tyrone, and
his failures in this business are said to have so humiliated him as to have hastened
his death.
He died unmarried 1597. (See Spencer's sonnet to him, Smith's Cork, vol. 1, p. 324.
See Diet. Nat. Biog.; Webb; Froude., etc.)
Nugent, Major-General George (afterwards Sir George Nugent, bart.)
M.P. Charleville, 1800.
Illegitimate son of the Hon. Edmund Craggs Nugent, son of Earl Nugent.
He was born 10th June, 1757; married 15th November, 1797, Marie, seventh daughter
of Cortlandt Skinner; she died 24th October, 1834. Was a field marshal in the Army;
g.c.b.; d.c.l.; colonel 6th Regiment; adjutant-general (I.) 1799 ; governor of Jamaica,
1801-6. M.P. also for Buckingham, 1 790-1 802 ; Aylesbury, 1806-12; Buckingham,
1818-32. Created a baronet " for military services," 28th November, 1806. Ancestor
of present baronet of West Harling, Norfolk. He died nth March, 1849.
O'Brien, Sonogh, of Duough, Clare.
M.P. Mallow, 1634.
Eldest son of Teige O'Brien, of Duagh, by Mary, daughter of Murtagh O'Brien, of
Doon-Arragh, and descended from Donald, son of Connor, the last "King" of Thomond,
His estates were forfeited by Cromwell, but restored by Charles II. He was M.P.
also for Clare, 1639.
He married Honora, daughter of Connor O'Brien, of Leimanach, and had issue.
O'Brien, Hon. James, of Dublin.
M.P. Charleville, 1725-27; Youghal, 1727-60.
Third son of William, third Earl and eighth Baron of Inchiquin, by Mary, daughter of
Sir Edward Villiers. Was a captain of Foot ; collector of the Port of Drogheda.
1736-54, and of the Port of Cork, 1755-67.
He married Mary, daughter of Very Rev. William Jephson, dean of Kilmore (she
died 1760), and had issue. His son succeeded to the earldom and was created
Marquess of Thomond. Ancestor of the extinct Marquesses of Thomond. He died
17th December, 1771.
O'Callaghan, Hon. Sir Robert William.
M.P. Bandon, 1797-1800.
Second son of first Lord Lismore.
Born October, 1777; colonel 39th Regiment ; lieut.-general ; commanded the
forces at Madras; k.c.b. He died 9th June, 1840, unmarried.
(To be continued.)
NOTES AND QUERIES. 4 1
jNfotes and Queries.
LOCAL HISTORY, ANTIQUITIES, FOLK-LORE, Etc.
Contributed by Robert Day : An acct. Worke done at the North and South Bridges.
/. F. Lynch : Some Stray Notes.
R. W. : J. Vaughan Thompson, Naturalist.
Mananaan Mac Lir : A Cork "Punch."
William Callaghan : Minerva Rooms, Cork.
Breviator : Phelim O'Connor, of Kerry — Rev. Joseph Synge — Lieut. -Colon el
Michael Synge — Philip "Ash" — Springmount, etc. — McCartie of Clidane.
"An acct. Worke Done at the 23orth and South Bridges, October, 1710.
Carpenters —
William Smith, 9 dayes, at 2S. 6d. pr. day
..£1
2
6
his man, 9 dayes, at is. 6d. pr. day
. . 0
13
6
his son, 9 dayes
. . 0
9
0
William Cook, 9, at 2s. pr. day
. . 0
18
0
Two Sawyers, 4 dayes
. . 0
12
0
Labourers — Phillip Kelley, 8 dayes
. . 0
4
0
Teige Carthy, 4 dayes
0
2
0
Daniell Carthy, 3 dayes
0
1
6
4 Porters „ „
. . 0
1
0
2 Labourers „ „ . .
. . 0
0
6
Saml. Woodroffe, overfeeing 9 dayes, is. 6d. pr. day
. . 0
13
6
£4- 17 6
' Mr. Perry,
Pay the above four pounds, seventeen shillings and sixpence, for mending ye
bridges of ye North and South Gates. Edward Hoare, Mayr.
Reed, the Contence of the above order, October ye fourth, 17 10.
Sam. Woodroffe.'"
I copy the above from the original in my possession. It is of interest as a contrast
of the rates of wages paid in Cork then and now. In 17 10 a skilled carpenter earned
2/6 per day ; a sawyer, 1/6 ; labourers, 6d. ; porters or messengers, 3d. ; and unskilled
labourers the same ; and the foreman overseer, 1/6 per day.
Here is another document of a somewhat similar kind, but the outlay was upon a
less enduring structure — the Town Wall.
" Corporation. Dr. for Repairring the town walls neere Banfield's Slipp,
May 2, 171 1.
half a lighter stones . . . . . . . . . . £0 5 o
2 barrill's Lime, at i8d. .. .. .. .. ..030
a small Boat sand .. .. .. .. ..016
Mafsons and Labourers work . . . . c . ..040
- 13 6
We have examined the above amt., thirteeen shillings and sixpence, and finde the
workes don. Wm. Goddard.
Fra. Cottrell."
I-1
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII^KOLOGICAL SOCIKTY.
In those "good old times " the Mayor of our City was paid in somewhat the same
proportion as the skilled mechanic, for here is a receipt for a "quarters allowance."
" Reced. of Geo. Piersy, by ye order of Mr. Jonathan Perry, Chamberlin of ye
Citty of Cork, ye suinc of fifty pounds sterg. for my quarters allowance, ending
ye 24th inst., witness my hand this 26th day of June, seventeen hundred and
eleven (1711.) Edward HoARE, Mayr."
Robert Day.
Some Stray Notes. — The writer of the paper " Folk-Lore of the Months," in
the December number of the Journal, derives Knawhill, a townland in the parish of
Knocktemple, barony of Duhallow, from Ctt4fi) "Fuji- This, I think, must be a
mistake, for O'Donovan, in his supplement to O'Reilly 's Dictionary, gives Cr)4ri)CO)lt
as the Irish form of this name. It means the wood of bones. There was another and
better known Ctj4.rijcojUj in the parish of Kilshane, barony of Clanwilliam, about a
mile and a half east of the town of Tipperary, now corrupted to Cleighile. It lay near
the old road leading from Cashel to Cork. This is evident from the following passage
in the Annals of the Four Masters : — " 1600. O'Neill marched from Cashel, westward
across the river Suir, and set out for Kinsale, by the route of Cnamh-Choill and
Sliabh na Muice, keeping to the east side of Sliabh Claire, and passing through
Bearna Dhearg, into Clangibbon and Roche's Country." Dr. Todd, in the Wars of
G.G., translates Cl)4iijC0jU, " hazle or nut wood." I think, however, he must have
confused Cr)4.ri), "a bone," with Cnorrj, "a nut." Lough Gur has a rival for the posses-
sion of the impatient serpent. Miss Banim, in Here and There Through Ireland, has the
following account of him : — " There was only one sarpint left in the entire universal
island, an' that one St. Patrick chained deep down in a lake on the top of the Galtee
mountains, that you may have heard tell of away in Tipperary. St. Patrick told him
he would never leave that until he himself would come of a Monday to set him free.
Every Monday morning the sarpint comes to the surface of the lake and calls out, ' Is
it time yet, Patrick ?' Patrick answers, ' It's not the Monday yet.' When the sarpint
says, { Is fadha Luan e, Padraic' (It's a long Monday, Patrick), an' sinks again for
another week." When preparing the paper on "Lough Gur," for the Journal, 1 con-
versed with several old people living beside the lake, but I did not get any tales of
serpents from them. I heard numerous stories of various appearances of the Earl
of Desmond, and another visitant, whom the people call the Dwarf. The latter appears
at rarer intervals than Earl Gerald. He is generally described as having a long red
beard and whiskers trailing behind him. The people speak pretty freely of the Earl,
but they have a certain dread of this dwarf, and do not like to talk about him. The
lake is said to belong to him, and he, I am informed, appeared to and threatened two
men recently who were taking more than their fair share of fish from the lake. The
story of the dwarf is an old one, older, perhaps, than the Desmond legend. The old
people consider the lake is named from an Irish chief, and they may possibly have
taken "gair "in its usual meaning of " short," and thus Lough Gair might mean the
lake of the short fellow. I consulted several competent Irish scholars as to the
meaning of the name of the lake, but they could only confess their ignorance, so, on
the principle that it is better to have guessed and lost than never to have guessed at
all, I gave some possible explanations in the Journal. O'Donovan mentions the name
of the lake in his supplement to O'Reillys Dictionary, but gives no hint as to the
meaning. Gair, meaning "head," occurs in a line quoted by O'Connellan from one of the
Seabright MSS. in Trinity College, Dublin. Of* me 2irr)4fl5er) 5lut)5et, 54Jfl jUf
3jlCrlj4C, "I am Amergin Glungel, of hoary head and gray beard." Dr. Joyce gives
NOTES AND QUERIES.
43
many instances in Irish Names, in which Cor, meaning a " round hill," occurs, and
Dineley names the high hill on which the Munster fort was built, Carrigmore ; so,
despite the dwarf, the fort may have been named from the hill, and the name after-
wards transferred to the lake. The late Mr. John Fitzgerald, who knew a great deal
about the lake, and who has been referred to in such kind terms by Mr. Robert Day in
the Journal, was of opinion that Gair was a contraction of a longer word. There was
a celebrated fort in the Dalcassian territory, which has not been identified, called Dun
Doghair. In a poem, quoted by O'Curry from Dubhthach na Lugair, a.d., 432, it is
referred to, and in such a way as to put it, I think, on a level with Cruachain and
Emhain, the Connaught and Ulster capitals. In the Wars of G.G., Brian Boroimhe
is reported as saying " that his grandfather, Lorcan, would not permit the seven great
battalions to burn the ford of U. Doghair for four days and four nights." Dr. Todd
takes U to be written for Ui, " descendants," but it may be a mistake in the manuscript
for Dun. The name being written Dun Gair in the Book of Rights appears, however,
to be against this explanation. O'Donovan identifies two of the seats of the King of
Cashel as having been at Lough Gur. These were Cathair Chinn Chon and Dun Gair.
Between these two forts, in both the prose and poetical list of the Book of Rights,
there is a fort named Dun Fir Aen Cholca. From its position in the lists, this fort, I
consider, must also have been at Lough Gur, and, perhaps, is to be identified with the
strongly-fortified fort on Knockfinnel. It had the same outer walls as are visible to-
day surrounding Dun iEnghuis, in Aran More. Another interesting point of connection
between these two forts is, that Asal, who settled at Toryhill, was brother to iEnghus,
the traditional Firbolg builder of Dun iEnghuis. Another of the Munster forts of the
King of Cashel was named Ebliu, from Ebliu, daughter of Guare, and wife of Mairid,
King of Munster, about the close of the first century of our era. Ebliu is the subject of
a peculiarly wild legend, which is related in the " Lebor na h-uidre." She induced her
stepson, Eochaidh, to carry her off, and Eochaidh and she went to live in the district,
then called Liath-muine, but now covered by Lough Neagh, which was caused by the
overflow of a magic well. Lough Neagh took its name from Eochaidh. It is a con-
traction of Loch n-Echach, that is " the lake of Eochaidh." Now, about a mile north of
Murroe, in the county Limerick, there is a conspicuous hill, on the top of which there is
an earthen fort, marked in the Ordnance Map, "Lis Gorey," but which the people call the
fort of John Guare, this John Guare having been a giant who lived here in the old
times, and who had a brother living on the top of a hill, about three miles to the east.
Beside these two hills flows a little stream named Ahanetawney (the little ford of the
green field). When Guare's brother wished to communicate with him he threw some
milk into the stream. A few miles to the north lie the Slieve Felim mountains. These
mountains are twelve in number, and the old name is Sl)4b* T)-6bljutt) 7l)5JrjJ
5bU47fte, "the mountain range of Ebliu, the daughter of Guare." As John Guare is not
a very dignified name to bestow upon a giant, I would suggest that John Guare is a
corruption of 71)5717) 5bU4]|ie, and that Lis Gorey is the Ebliu of the Book of Rights.
J. F. Lynch.
J . Vaughan Thompson, Naturalist. — Lived in Cork or Queenstown in early
part of the century. Best work done between 1820-1840. Particulars wanted of his
history and private life ; also, to know if there is any portrait extant of him in any old
Prints. R. W.
A Cork " Punch." — I have a copy of No. 3 of The Bizarre Gazette which was
"printed by Joseph Roche at his printing establishment, 36, Cook Street, Cork,
44
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Shrovetide, 1857." It has contributions by J. Freke Slingsby, I). F. McCarthy, and
a beautiful metrical version of the reproach of the Emperor Theodosius by St.
Ambrose. The principal piece is a mock-heroic poem, entitled, " The very woful
Ballad of the Count Blad Y. Kara," signed D. L. To how many numbers did this
journal run, and who were the principal contributors ?
Mananaan Mac Lir.
Minerva Rooms, Cork. — Can any member of the Society give me any informa-
tion regarding the " Minerva Rooms," Cork ; also, who was a William Roderick
O'Connor, ballad writer, 1818? William Callagiian.
Melton Mowbray.
Phelim O'Connor, of Kerry. — In FitzGerald pedigree {Journal, vol. iii., p. 225)
he is maternal grandfather of John of Callan (1261). Who was Phelim, and how
connected with main stem of O'Connor, Kerry ?
Rev. Joseph Synge (brother to George, bishop of Cloyne, temp. Charles I.),
married Anne, daughter and heiress of Sir Thomas Ashe, of St. John's Abbey, Meath.
What family had said Joseph Synge ? Any descendants living?
Lieutenant-Colonel Michael Synge.— Ob. arc, 1720. Whose son? Sister
married Townsend, of Castletownsend, county Cork. Colonel's will, at Dublin, men-
tions Captain John Hart (governor of Maryland, 17 14 et seg.). Was Hart connected
with Synge family ? Of what family was Hart ? What arms ?
Philip "Ash," — Ensign, Sir Heward Oxburgh's Regiment, King James' Irish
Army, 1688 (D'Alton's List, vol. ii., p. 667.) Of family of Sir Thomas Ashe, of St.
John's Abbey, Meath ?
Springmount, etc. — D'Alton mentions Springmount, Kilcow, and Cluantariff,
as places adjoining {King James' Army List, vol. ii., p. 330.) In Cork or Kerry ?
McCartie of Clidane.— Hayes says : "Branch of McCartie More" (vol. ii., p. 183,
Ballads of Ireland). How? Where is Clidane ? Breviator.
Original pocuirients.
5nt>ej: ftestamentotum olim in IRegistro Governs
No. Name.
59 Bubb, Roger, of Corke
60 Brooks, Adrian, of Corke
61 Benson, Thomas, of Kinsale
62 Bond, Ellinor, of Corke
63 Bond, John, of Corke
64 Bennis, Thomas, of Corke . .
65 Barrett, Edmund, of Corke . .
66 Barrett, James, of Gurtin . .
67 Bennis, Richard, of Limerick
68 Blackwell, George, county Clare
69 Burk, Elizabeth, of Rathcormuck
Year.
1648
1650
1650
1650
1650
1650
165 I
165I
1652
1652
1652
INDEX TESTAMENTORUM OLIM IN REGISTRO
CORCAGDE. 45
No. Name. Year.
70 Bettsworth, Elizabeth, of Moyalloe . . . . . . . . 1653
71 Browne, Richard, of Kinsale „. .. .. .. 1660
72 Briant, John, of Kinsale . . . . . . . . . . 1661
73 Barry, Richard, of Robertstown . . . . . . . . 1661
74 Berry, Edward, of Cloghnakilty .. .. .. .. 1661
75 Bramble, Robert . . . . . . . . . . 1661
76 Brown, Tymothy, liut. . . . . . . . . . . 1662
77 Blunt, Anthony . . . . . . . . . . 1662
78 Barry FitzPhilip, John, of Carrigtohil .. .. .. 1662
79 Baynham, Mary, of Fermoy . . . . . . . . 1664
80 Bunnell, Richard, of Garrane . . . . . . . . 1664
81 Brooks, Judith, of Bandon .. .. .. .. 1665
82 Barry, Philip, of Corrawahel . . . . . . . . 1665
83 Bluett, Christopher, of Youghall .. .. .. .. 1665
84 Bowler, John, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1665
85 Byrne, Adderly, of Bandon . . .. .. .. .. 1665
86 Bartlet, John, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1666
87 Busteed, Giles, of Mountlong . . . . . . . . 1666
88 Buller, Coll*- John . . . . . . . . . . 1667
89 Baily, Henry, of Winsmill . . . . . . . . . . 1667
90 Butt, John, of Kilcolman . . . . . . . . . . 1667
91 Beade, Richard, of Clogheenes . . . . . . . . 1667
92 Beajnish, John, of West Gulley . . . . . . . . 1669
93 Browne, John, of Bandon . . . „ . . . . . . 1669
94 Bussell, Pascho, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1669
95 Button, Joan, of Bandon . . . . . . . . . . 1669
96 Buxton, John, of St. Finbarry's . . . . . . . . 1669
97 Bull, Michael, of Bandon . . . . . . . . 1670
98 Busteed, John, of Killanully .. .. .. .. 1670
99 Blackman, William, of Corke . . . . . . 1671
100 6 Bryne, Donnogh, of Coylecurra .. .. .. 1672
10 1 Brenagh, Edmund, of Ballynebressagh . . . . . . 1672
102 Branscomb, John, of Corke . . . . . . . . 1672
103 Brelsford, John, of Carewswood . . . . . . . . 1672
104 Browne, William, of Shallyvallybegg .. .. .. 1672
105 Barry, David, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1673
106 Bourne, John, of Bandon . . . . . . . . . . 1673
107 Bennett, George, of Mauld Collegge . . .. .. 1673
108 Brien, Catherine, of Kilnecurry . . . . . . . . 1674
109 Burk, Walter, of Curraghnalaghtte . . . . . . 1674
no Busteed, William .. .. .. .. .. 1674
in Boles, Francis, of Ballinlancebeg .. .. .. .. 1674
112 Bruce, James, of Castlelyons .. .. .. .. 1675
113 Butler, Tobie, of Antiqua, planter .. .. .. 1675
114 Barry, Edmond, of Tynegiragh .. .. .. .. 1676
115 Barry, Ellinor FitzEdmond .. .. .. .. 1677
116 Bull, William, of Bandon .. .. .. .. .. 1677
117 Baldwin, Walter, of Garrancooeingg .. .. .. 1677
118 Barrett, Andrew, of Ballincollig .. .. .. .. 1677
/\.6 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII/EOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
No. Namk. Ykar
119 Barrage, Mary, of Clonec .. .. .. .. .. 1677
120 Busteed, Thomas, of Jordanstown .. .. .. .. 1677
121 Ball, Catherine .. .. .. .. .. .. 1677
122 Bernard, Capt. Richd. .. .. .. .. .. 1678
123 Bryen, Daniel, of Ross .. .. .. .. .. 1678
124 Busteed, Luke, of Mountlong .. .. . . .. 1679
125 Bowler, James, of Kinsale .. .. ., .. 1679
126 Beamish, Francis, of Curravarahane .. .. .. 1679
127 Browne, Jane, of Kinsale . . . . . . . . . . 1680
128 Berry, John, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 168 1
129 Barrett, John, of Carrigrohane .. .. .. .. 1681
130 Bayly, John, of Castletreasure .. .. .. .. 1681
131 Beamish, Capt. Thos., of Bandon . . . . . . 1681
132 Barrett, Agnes, of Carrigrohane . . . . . . . , 1682
133 Baily, William . . . . . . . . . . . . 1682
134 Beamish, Francis, of Kilmoloada .. .. .. .. 1682
135 Burly, Joseph, of Corke .. .. .. .. 1682
136 Barter, Thomas, of Killeene .. .. .. .. 1682
137 Bradford, Robert, of Corke .. .. .. .. 1683
138 Barnett, Philip, of Kinsale .. .. .. .. 1683
139 Bevill, John, of Bantry .. ., .. .. .. 1683
140 Busteed, Richard, of Ballinure .. .. .. .. 1683
141 Bird, Nicholas, of Ballymodan parish . . . . . . 1683
142 Burrowes, Thomas, of Kinsale . . . . . . . . 1683
143 Blanchet, Robert, of the island of Finis (sic.) . . . . . . 1684
144 Blanchet, Jane, of the same . . . . . . . . 1684
145 Boyle, John . . . . . . . . . . . t 1685
146 Britton, John, of the city of Corke .. .. .. .. 1685
147 Bull, John, of Bandon . . . . . . . . . . 1685
148 Brooking, John, of Cloughnekilty . . . . . . . . 1685
149 Beede, Thomas, of Corke . . . . . . . . 1685
150 Bickford, Richard, of Inishonane parish .. .. .. 1686
151 Bluett, Emanuel, of Bandon .. .. .. .. 1686
152 Bowler, James, of Kinsale .. .. .. .. .. 1687
153 Bradford, Godfrey .. .. .. .. ..1687
154 Baldwin, James, of Polericke .. .. .. .. 1688
155 Braly, Susanna, of Bandon . . .. .. .. .. 1688
156 Bernard, Francis, of Castlemahon .. .. .. .. 1690
157 Bunny, John, of Aghadown parish . . . . . . . . 1690
158 Baldwin, Walter, of Garraghnehonig .. .. .. 1691
159 Barter, William .. .. .. .. 1692
160 Baily, William, of Downderrow . . . . . . . . 1693
161 Belcher, Thomas, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1694
162 Bisse, Thomas, of Bandon . . . . . . . . . . 1694
163 Banfield, James, of Kinsale . . . . . . . . 1694
164 Baker, Jerman, of Bandon . . . . . . . . . . 1694
165 Bayes, James, of Kilgaruff . . . . . . . . . . 1695
166 Baldwin, Herbert, of Currovordy . . . . . . . . 1696
167 Brocklesby, Richard, of Corke . . . . . . . . 1696
INDEX TESTAMENTORUM OLIM IN REGISTRO
CORCAGLE. 47
No. Name. Year.
168 Bisse, Thomas, of Bandon .. .. .. .. 1697
169 Browne, Richard, of Kinsale . . . . . . . . 1698
170 Baily, John B., of Castlemore . . . . . . . . 1698
171 Burden, John, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1698
172 Boobyer, Martin, of Currahowe . . . . . . . . 1698
173 Buck, Thomas, of Bandon .. .. .. .. .. 1699
174 Bruce, Walter, of Skull parish . . . . . . . . 1699
175 Berry, Robert, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1699
176 Bryan, William, of Ross . .. .. .. .. 1700
177 Baily, Sarah, of Castlemore .. .. .. .. 1701
178 Bragg, John, of Rathcony parish . . . . . . . . 1701
179 Brocklesby, Loveday, of Corke . . . . . . . . 1702
180 Bowen, William, of Dunny . . . . . . . . . . 1703
181 Buchanan, John, of Corke .. .. .. .. .. 1703
182 Boobyer, Kempthorn, of Kinsale .. .. .. 1703
183 Boyne, Baptistor, of Kinsale . . . . . . . . 1703
184 Bryant, Abel .. .. t. .. .. 1703
185 Beeton, George, of Corke . . . . . . . . ... 1704
186 Bryan, Stephen, of Rosscarbery .. .. .. .„ 1705
187 Burnham, Walter, of Corke . . .. .. .. 1705
188 Bennett, George, of Mealnacolig .. .. .. .. 1700
189 Bullock, Capt. Nathl., of Corke .. .. .. 1706
(To be continued.)
Review of J3ooK.
Eddies. By T. H. Wright. (Wexford : The Wood Printing Works). Price 2S.
In a very beautiful ode in this dainty volume of verse it is said that
" The land without a past is poor indeed."
With this we entirely agree, but cannot help thinking that most countries with histories
are like people who have had a past ; and when their greatness has become only a
historic memory, they are to some degree not enviably circumstanced, as they occupy
the position of one of whom some ancestor had been famous, and who is respected
merely for the relationship which the accident of birth conferred.
Irishmen are proud of their country's record ; nor can prejudice or enmity discover
cause why they should be ashamed of it. But we believe that some time must yet
elapse, and that something more remains to be done before we can truly hail her as
" First, flower of the earth, and first gem of the sea !"
Therefore, whatever tends to foster material industries, and to enhance the apprecia-
tion of the fine arts among us, should not only deserve but command our approval and
support.
The book before us, however, can stand on its own merits, independently of the
considerations already given. Its agreeable and artistic appearance raises expecta-
tions which are more than fulfilled by the contents.
48 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
The principal poem, as we understand it to he, is an " Ode to Erin," which,
although pitched in a high key, and written in a difficult metre, never once descends
from its ambitioned altitude ; and, whilst exciting our warmest praise by its beautiful
imagery and lovely poetry, charms us by the grace and ease of performance which
characterise its every line.
Religious poems are, usually, dangerous things to place before a public which is
ever in quest of novelty. But those which make one division of this volume do not
by any means require a special vocation to appreciate them ; for even from readers
who may not sympathise with the author's beliefs, they must exact high commenda-
tion, not only for their gentle piety, but also for their intrinsic excellence.
The score or so of sonnets are, in our opinion, the best poems in the book. Here
there is merit of a very high order. Was it Sir Walter Scott, when considering not
only the bulk but the quality of the poetry which in his later days was continually
pouring from the press, said it was well for him and others that they had made names
for themselves some time before ? The poems we now refer to are a strong corrobora-
tion of this. The author shows not only mastery over the sonnet form of poem, and
this is, perhaps, the most difficult form of it, but is full of beauties which must strike
the more as one becomes more appreciative of poetry and better acquainted with
the knowledge of its art.
The following we are tempted to quote : —
Dost thou remember, Sweet, the garden door
Through which we outward passed, we two alone,
From cultured alleys to a wild thick sown
With mingled gorse and fern, and studded o'er
With boulders rude like some storm-beaten shore ?
We sat us twain upon a mossy stone :
Thoughts kept us silent, till the day full-blown
Shed its rose petals on earth's darkening floor.
But when the stars stole forth in shining bands,
From trembling lips deep passionate pleadings came.
I know not : where is he who understands
The alchymy of love's primeval flame ?
But this I know, the world is not the same
Since I have bowed to thy most dear commands.
The "two sonnets from the Nation" are stately and impressive. The expression,
the "cassocked Mars," used in referring to Dean Swift, in the sonnet written at Celbridge
Abbey, is original and good. " The Rainbow," page 34, and the poem with the same
heading, page 61, are interesting, apart from their poetical merits, as displaying
different treatment of precisely the same thoughts by the same writer. The classical
allusions scattered through the book, show us that Keats was not almost alone among
the moderns in being able to invest the poetry of the ancients with new grace and
delicacy.
In a word, it may be said that Mr. Wright's muse is distinguished for the greatest
refinement of thought and the utmost elegance of expression, and his book should be
welcomed by all lovers of genuine poetry, and especially by Corkmen, who, we believe,
can claim the author for one of themselves,
J. p. a
Second Series.— Vol. II., No. 14.]
[February, 1896.
JOURNAL
OF THE
Cork Historical & Archaeological
Society.
€xtract5 from Old Jvtinute J3ooK of puhallow T^unt,
1800 to 1808.
Copied by MAJOR JAMES GROVE-WHITE, J.P., 57TH Regiment.
(By permission of the Hon. Secretary DnhaUow Hunt, Lieut. Hans Thomas Fell White, R.N.)
[The minute book opens with a record of the first founding of the famous Duhallow Hunt
and the rules adopted for its regulation. The reader will note the large number of well known
names among the original members, and also the payment of hound-tax, the rent of coverts, and
the small total of items paid for " keeping" the country.]
HE first entry is : At a meeting of several gentlemen held at
Cecilstown on Monday, the 29th September, 1800, the following
resolutions were unanimously agreed to : —
That a club be formed, to consist of the following members,
to be called the Duhallow Hunt, and to meet and dine at Cecils-
town the first Monday in every month.
That the yearly subscription of each member be two [two
scratched out and "three" put in pencil over the two] guineas, to
be paid in advance on or before the first Monday in November in each year.
That a committee be appointed, to consist of the following six [six scratched out
and " seven " written over it in pencil] members who shall have power to meet and
enter into such further resolutions for the government of this club as they shall think
fit [" four to make a quorum " added].
That Arthur Bastable [over Arthur Bastable in pencil is written " Wm. Wallis"] be
appointed treasurer and secretary for this year.
At a meeting of the committee appointed to draw up resolutions for the regulation
of the Duhallow Hunt, the following were agreed to this day of October, 1800: —
5o
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
That the commencement of this club be from 29th September last, which day
shall in future be the commencement of the year to and for which time the annual
subscription of two ["three" in pencil over the " two "] guineas is to be paid in advance
on and before the first Monday in each November [in pencil "last day of the November
meeting "] subsequent to the 29th of September, and on which day officers for the
ensuing year are to be chosen [from " subsequent to chosen " erased in pencil].
That the first Monday in every month (October, January and April excepted) the
29th September, St. Stephen's Day and Patrick's Day be the days of meeting and
dining together of this club..
That when a gentleman is proposed to become a member of this club the person
proposing him, being an original member, shall pay a deposit of two [" three " in pencil]
guineas as and for his subscription (if admitted) for that year, to be returned if rejected,
and that he be balloted for the next meeting day.
This minute was altered in ink as follows : —
That when a gentleman is balloted for and admitted the member proposing him
shall pay three guineas as and for his subscription, otherwise the ballot to be made
void for that year, and that he be balloted for the next meeting day after that on which
he shall be proposed.
That no gentleman be balloted for except on a meeting day, and the time ot
balloting be from half-past four to eight o'clock. One black bean in seven to exclude.
That any person who shall happen to be rejected shall not be balloted for until
twelve months after, and if twice rejected shall be considered ever after inadmissable.
That any gentleman who shall omit to pay his subscription in advance on or before
the first Monday [altered to " last meeting day"] in November in each year shall be
considered no longer a member.
That a president and vice-president be appointed every meeting day, the vice-
president one day to be president the next, and to appoint a vice-president who is to
succeed him as president, and appoint a vice-president.
That a treasurer and secretary be appointed every year who is to keep the accounts
of the club.
That no stranger be permitted to dine at the club unless introduced by the
president.
That the bills of the day are to be paid by the treasurer, being- first signed by the
president, which signature shall authorize the treasurer to discharge the same, provided
the same does not exceed at the rate of six shillings and sixpence each man [this minute
is erased].
That the uniform coat of the hunt be a blue frock with black cape and Duhallow
Hunt button and a blue and yellow striped waistcoat. [This minute erased.]
That the uniform coat of the hunt be scarlet.
That the secretary do give notice in the newspaper, two posts, before each day of
meeting, and where the members are to meet and dine.
That the secretary do give notice in the newspaper three posts before first Monday
in November in each year in the following words : —
The members of the Duhallow Hunt are to take notice that Monday, the — day of
November next [altered to " that the last day of the November meeting"] will be the
last day for receiving subscriptions. Any gentleman neglecting to pay on or before
that day will be no longer considered a member.
That the president shall have the power of removing occasionally the place of
dining from Cecilstown to Mallow until proper accommodation be provided at Cecils-
town. [This minute erased.]
EXTRACTS FROM OLD MINUTE BOOK OF DUHALLOW HUNT. 5 1
That the club dine together in Cork one day in each assizes, of which due
notice is to be given.
That the time of receiving subscriptions be enlarged for this year only to the first
Monday in December, many gentlemen who were appointed original members not
having been informed of it. [This minute erased.]
That any member wishing to suggest any new regulation to be adopted by
the club do give it in writing to the president, to be by him submitted to the com-
mittee.
That the club be considered as closed from this date, and that no gentleman be
hereafter admitted but by ballot.
Committee. —
William Wrixon. William Lysaght. William Wrixon Beecher.
William Harris. John Lysaght. James P. Glover.
Robert de la Cour. John N. Wrixon (in pencil).
Elected 26th December, 1801.
Members of the Duhallow Hunt—
Names and Residences.
William Wrixon, Ballygiblin.
William Lysaght, Mount North.
Edward Deane Freeman, Castlecor.
William Wrixon Beecher, Creagh.
John Longfield, Longueville.
Richard Hare, Mallow.
William Harris, Assolas.
Denham Jephson, Mallow.
Sir James L. Cotter, Rockforest.
Lord Doneraile, Doneraile.
John Wallis, Westwood.
Hugh Norcott, Springfield.
John Newman, Dromore.
George Crofts, Churchtovvn.
Colonel Howarth, Mallow.
Major Croker, Quartertown.
Revd. R. Woodward, Mallow.
John Nash, Ballymagooley.
Sands. Palmer, Mallow.
James Purcell, Glounanore.
Richard Foot, Millford.
George Stannard, Priory.
William Franks, Carrig.
Nicholas G. Evans, Carker.
James Gubbings, Kenmare Castle.
Thomas Ware.
W. Atkins, Waterpark.
Capt. Porter, Besborough.
A. Newman, Kinsale.
Robert de la Cour, Mallow.
John Wrixon, Ballygiblin.
Names and Residences.
Nicholas Wrixon, Ballygiblin.
Matthew Deane Freeman, Castlecor.
Ralph Westropp, Cork.
James FitzGerald, Cork.
James Chatterton, Cork.
Robert Swayne, Bantyre.
William Dore, Mallow.
John Lysaght, Woodpark.
Charles Bastable, Bettyville.
Revd. Freeman Crofts, Churchtown.
Robert Atkins, Firville.
Capt. Rowland, Cork.
Henry Lysaght, Elmvale.
James Baggs, Mallow.
Nicholas Lysaght, Mount North.
Henry Wrixon, Blossomfort.
Edward Lysaght, Mount North.
John Fennell, Cahir Abbey.
John G. Newsom, Cork.
Revd. M. Beecher, Dromore.
Thomas Harris, Assolas.
James P. Glover, Rockspring.
Nicholas G. Evans, junr.
William Longfield, Longueville.
Henry Longfield, Longueville.
Robert Longfield, Longueville.
Thomas Dorman, near Cork.
Joseph Gubbings, Kenmare Castle.
Edward Allen, Cork.
William Wallis, Mallow.
Edward Lombard, Aldworth.
52
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Names and Residences!
Thomas T. Coppinger, Carhue.
Revd. A. McClintock, Kanturk,
John Gregg, Currimount.
Arthur Bastable, Spring grove.
John N. Wrixon, Cork.
William Purcell, Altimira.
Henry Evans, Carker.
Walter Evans, Carker.
Nath. Evans, Carker.
James Hill, Doneraile.
John Power, Ruskeen.
John Glover, Mallow,.
John Purcell, Templemary.
James T. Glover, Droumcorbet.
Revd. F. M. Cronin, Kilpatrick.
Richard Harris, Killroe.
Thomas Holmes, Ballyhaura.
Thomas Flynn, Mount Ruby.
Samuel Wrixon, Mallow.
Revd. Francis Hewitt, Lombardstown.
Edmund Kenifeck, Cork.
Name and Residences.
Pierce Hayes, Gurteen green.
John Milwood, Cahirmee.
Revd. Robert Bullen, Newmarket.
Holmes Hayes, Gurteen green.
William Crofts, Mallow.
John Philpot, Clonribbon.
William Bullen, Ruskeen.
Charles Crofts, Bantyre.
Nicholas Hennessey, Mallow.
John Hennessey, Mallow.
Michael Nash, Carrigoon.
Jeremiah Morgan, Cork.
Richard Newsom, Cork.
Moses Newsom, Cork.
John Seward, Dromore.
George Purcell, Cork.
James Purcell, Cork.
James Purcell, Altimira.
Richard Maguire, Cork.
Luke Philpot, Duarigille.
George Foot, Cecilstown.
Members Admitted by Ballot
Lieut. Wilmot, Royal Artillery.
Lieut. Ross, Royal Artillery.
Richard Newman, Kinsale.
Robert Bowen, Mallow.
Henry Thornhill (Castle Kevin).
Revd. John Chester, Mallow.
Revd. Robert Longfield.
William Busteed.
Arthur Gibbings.
Richard Tucker.
William Atkins, Mallow.
John Don Roche, Cork.
William Hart.
Richard Barrett, Mallow.
George Foot, Millford.
Mallow, \st December, 1800. At a General Meeting of the Club this day, pursuant
to notice, the following members paid their subscriptions : —
Sir James L. Cotter.
Robert de la Cour.
James Baggs.
Nicholas Hennessey.
John Lysaght.
John Seyward.
James Gubbings.
Joseph Gubbings.
Ralph Westrop.
Jeremiah Morgan.
William Dore.
William Wallis.
Edward Howarth.
William Franks.
Honourable R. Hare.
Denis Jephson.
Henry Croker.
John Newman.
John Longfield.
Thomas T. Coppinger.
The President proposed Lieut. Ross, Lieut. Willmot, Richard Newman, Robert
Bowen ; seconded by Vice-President.
The vice-president appointed the Honourable Richard Hare to be his vice next
meeting day, to be held at Carmichaei's, on St. Stephen's Day.
Mallow, December 26ik, 1800. At a general meeting of the club this day, pursuant
to notice, the following gentlemen were balloted for : — Lieut. Willmott and Lieut.
Ross, of the Artillery ; Richard Newman, Robert Bowen — Admitted.
EXTRACTS FROM OLD MINUTE BOOK OF DU HALLOW HUNT. 53
Mallow, February 2nd, 1801. At a general meeting of the Club this day, pursuant
to notice, the following gentlemen were balloted for : —
Admitted — Henry Thornhill. Admitted — William Busteed.
„ Rev. John Chester. ,, Arthur Gibbings.
„ Rev. Robert Longfield. ,, Richard Tucker.
The vice-president appointed Robert De la Cour, esq., to be vice-president next
meeting day.
March ijth, 1821. At a general meeting of the club this day, pursuant to notice,
the following gentlemen were balloted for : — Admitted — William Atkins, John Don
Roche.
Mallow, May 4.1/1, 1801. At a general meeting of the club pursuant to notice, the
following gentlemen were balloted for : — William Harte, admitted.
The Vice-president appointed the Rev. Richard Woodward vice-president the next
meeting.
Mallow, Jth September, 1801. At a general meeting of the club, pursuant to public
notice, William Wrixon, esq., reported to the club that the committee have taken into
consideration the propriety of the Duhallow Hunt contributing for a purse to be run
for at the ensuing Mallow races by county of Cork-bred hunters, and that the committee
recommend it to the club to resolve the same. On proposing said resolution to the
club, it was unanimously resolved that each member shall subscribe one guinea for the
said purse, to be paid to William Wrixon Beecher, esq., steward.
At a general meeting of the club, this 29th of September, 1801, the following
gentlemen were balloted for and admitted: — George Foot, of M ill ford ; Henry
Lysaght, Elmvale ; Col. Bradford, Rev. D. Blake, Capt. Hunter, Richard Peard,
Coole.
Col. Gibbings, president ; William J. Harte, vice-president, who appointed
W. W. Beecher vice for next.
At a meeting of this club, pursuant to notice, the 2nd day of November, at Car-
michael's, the following gentlemen were admitted : — U. P. Williamson, esq. ; Edmond
Roche, esq.
At a general meeting of the club, held the 8th December, 1801, at Carmichael's,
Mallow,
R. H. Purcell, Altimira, Henry Milward, Cork,
John Coppinger, of Carhue, Arthur Blennerhassett, Kerry (and
Col. Baird, 67th Regt. Elmgrove),
Gerald Thornhill, Castlekevin, Capt. Roberts, 62nd Regt.,
Capt. Fisher, R. Artillery, Hen. Evans, Royal Navy,
were ballotted for and unanimously admitted. William Johnson Harte, president
(absent) ; William Wrixon Beecher, vice-president, who appointed John Newman, of
Dromore, esq., vice for the next day.
At a meeting of the club, at Carmichael's, the 26th December, 1801,
William Harrington, Cork, John Croker, of Ballinaguard,
Hen. Foot, Millford, Chr. Crofts, Velvetstown,
Clem. Hume, Mallow, William Longfield, Longueville,
John Evans, do., John Barry, m.d., Mallow,
William Perry,
admitted.
December 26th, 1801. Robert De la Cour was unanimously chosen one of the
committee, in the room of William Lysaght, deceased.
54
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
March isi, 1802. The vice-president has appointed Ralph Westrop, esq., to be
vice-president next meeting day.
March \yth, 1802. At a general meeting of the club, William Coppinger was unani-
mously admitted.
At a general meeting of the club, 4th of June, Henry Longfield (Longueville), was
unanimously admitted.
At a meeting of the Duhallow Club, held on Monday, the 5th day of December,
the following gentlemen were unanimously admitted : —
John Smyth, of Temple Michael. Francis Harvey, of Cork.
Rev. Arthur Hyde, of Cork. Capt. O'Dell.
Hon. Colonel Mahon, 9th Dragoons.
The vice-president has appointed Edward Lysaght, esq., to be vice-president the
next meeting day.
Monday, 3rd November, 1806. Resolved — That a difference of opinion having
occurred as to the right of possession of the Duhallow Hunt Cup, the time for
challenging the same be enlarged to Monday, the 1st day of December next, on the
usual hour, of a deposit to be paid to the treasurer at the time of challenge, Captain
Porter and Mr. Newsom to be exempt from paying any deposit. The race to be four
miles over Mallow course, such day during the next meeting as the steward shall
appoint, carrying twelve stone, to be rode by grooms, the horses to qualify over a four-
foot wall and a sporting ditch, to the satisfaction of the steward.
Resolved — That the club shall meet and dine together at Carmichael's, in Mallow,
on Monday, the 1st of December next.
Resolved — That the annual subscription shall stand at three guineas, to be paid in
advance the first Monday in November, and that the appropriation thereof shall be
determined on the next day of meeting.
Resolved — That subscriptions for the present year shall be open until next
St. Stephen's Day for the old members of the club, who shall be at liberty to
enroll their names as members on paying to the treasurer their subscription of
three guineas.
Monday, Deconber 1st. At a meeting of the hunt held this day, John Nash, esq.
was unanimously admitted a member.
In pursuance of the resolution of 3rd November, Captain Porter has named his
horse " Marquis " to run for the cup.
December 6th. Mr. William Purcell has challenged the cup, and named his horse
" Messenger" to run for the cup, and paid his deposit to Mr. Atkins as president.
Friday, 26th December, 1806. John Hennessey, Henry Langley, Edward Riordan,
esqrs., were unanimously admitted.
Resolved — That the Duhallow Hunt Cup having been, conformably to the resolution
of the hunt on the 3rd day of November last, challenged on the 1st day of this month
by Henry Porter, esq., observing the rules ordained for that purpose, and the challenge
having been left open for the entire of the week during which the club was to have
met, and William Purcell, esq., having been the only challenger, it is the unanimous
opinion of the hunt that all further challenge is for the present precluded, and that the
treasurer be requested forthwith to claim the cup for Mr. Newsom as the property of
the club, and to await the result of the present challenge.
Tuesday, Septe7nber 29th, 1807. Horace Townsend, Edmond Morrogh, and Thomas
G. French, esqrs., are unanimously admitted.
EXTRACTS FROM OLD MINUTE BOOK OF DU HALLOW HUNT 55
Treasurer of the Duhallow Hunt Club. Dr.
To Subscriptions received for the year commencing 1st November, 1804.
[Here follow the names of 32 members, each paying £2 5s. 6d. Total, £72 16s.]
Subscriptions received for the year commencing 1st November, 1805.
Amount of subscriptions to the old club . .
■-£72
16
0
Hon. Richard Hare
. . 22
15
0
Hon. Hayes St. Leger . .
. . 22
15
0
Hon. William Hare
11
7
6
Robert De la Cour
. . 11
7
6
James Baggs
5
13
9
Doctor Galway
..5
13
9
Brook Brazier . .
5
13
9
£158
2
3
1804.
Contra.
Cr.
Nov. 5.
By cash
paid in part of Carmichael's bill
10
5
„ 16.
m Do.
for advertisements to the Cork M. Chronicle
1
13
7
1805.
Mar. 18.
„ Do.
for two members' dinners to Carmichael . .
0
6
6
„ 21.
„ Do.
for advertisements to the Mercantile
Chronicle
1
6
0
April 14.
„ Do.
to Guiry, earthstopper. .
2
5
6
,, 21.
„ Do.
for one hundred circular letters. .
0
13
0
„ 28.
„ Do.
to Howlahan, earthstopper
3
8
3
May 1.
„ Do.
Mr. Wrixon's draft to , earthstopper
1
14
if
i) 14-
„ Do.
to James Connell, a year's rent of Ballybeg
6
16
6
„ 16.
i, Do.
to William Linahan, earthstopper
2
5
6
„ Do.
to Deloohery for Tullig break
7
19
3
M SO-
„ Do.
to William Reddane, earthstopper
3
8
3
11 Do.
for advertisement to the Cork Evening Post
2
12
0
» 31.
., Do.
to Arthur O'Keeffe for Regan's break
13
13
0
„ Do.
to Philip Foley, earthstopper
3
8
3
June 2.
„ Do.
a second draft to Arthur Keeffe
13
13
0
„ Do.
to James Coghlan for Ballybeg
6
16
6
Oct. 26.
„ Do.
for advertisement to the Mercantile
Chronicle
0
16
9h
74 6 5
Balance in the Treasurer's hands .. .. 83 15 10
2 3
The club was furnished with a counterpart of the above account on nth of Nov., 1805.
Robert De la Cour, Treasurer.
1805. Treasurer of the Duhallow Hunt Club. Dr.
Nov. 4. To balance of last account . . . . . . ^83 15 10
Dec. 3. „ A subscription from Simon P. Davis .. 5 13 9
23. ,, Do. from Joseph D. Freeman .. n 7 6
„ Do. from Dr. Norcott . . . . 5139
56
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
1805.
Jan.
14.
To a Subscription from Edward Lysaght
L$
13
9
May
6.
Do. from Henry Porter . .
5
13
9
Oct.
6.
Do. from Ralph YVcstrop
1 1
7
6
129
5
10
Nov.
3-
Balance due to the Treasurer on this account
25
18
8
4
6
The club was furnished with a counterpart of this account on the 3rd of Nov.,
Robert
De la Cou
1805.
Contra.
Cr.
Nov.
12.
By cash for Mr. Wrixon's draft to Mr. Glover for
the cover at Glover's Glin
£^
0
0
26.
Do. for do. to Peter Tyrrel for the Hound Tax
33
Dec.
4-
,, Do. for do. to William Guiry for earthstopping
2
5
6
1806.
T „ „
Jan.
21.
,, Do. to James Glover for the rent of Ballybeg. .
13
13
0
Do. to the Widow Hartnett for part of do.
7
0
0
Mar.
0.
,., Do. to John Kennedy for earthstopping
3
8
3
19.
,, Do. to William Reddane for do. . .
3
8
3
April
14.
Do. for advertisements to the Cork Mercantile
Chronicle
0
10
Hi
27.
, , Do. to T. Conoll for earthstopping at Kilcoleman
1
2
9
„ Do. to Darby Shea for do. at Castlepark
1
14
' 2
Do. to Coffree for do. at Carrigathereham
3
8
3
Do. to Howlahan for do. at Clogheen
2
14
6
May
12.
Do. to James Coghlan for do. at Ballibeg
6
16
6
,, Do. to J. G. Cookery for Tullig break for 1785
and 1786
7
19
3
Do. to P. Shea for fencing at Grange, etc., etc.
10
0
0
„ Do. to Keeffe for Regan's break
13
13
0
,, Do. to Denis Sullivan for earthstopping
2
5
6
June
4-
,, Do. for earthstopping at Poulnaraha
1
2
9
,, Do. to P. Sheean for fencing at Grange, etc . .
12
0
0
9-
,, Do. to Drake for earthstopping
1
2
9
10.
Do. to Linahan for do.
2
5
6
July
2.
,, Do. to Blakeney for do.
1
2
9
,, Do. to P. Dawley for do. . .
2
9
,, Do. to Leveney for do.
2
9
,, Do. to James Glover for Carrig covers
3
8
3
,, Do. to do. for earthstopping
2
9
,, Do. to Hartnedy for earthstopping
2
5
6
17.
,, Do. to John Clear for do. at Shanballymore . .
2
5
6
Oct.
6.
„ Do. for advertising meeting of 29th Sept. last
0
3
9\
£i55 4 6
EXTRACTS FROM OLD MINUTE BOOK OF DU HALLOW HUNT. 57
Treasurer of the Duhallow Hunt Club. Dr.
To Subscriptions received for the year commencing 1st of November, 1806.
[Here follows a list of 29 members, each paying ^3 8s. 3d., and one (Jos. D. Freeman)
paying £\\ 7s. 6d. ; and an item of ^22 15s. cash restored by William Bullen of his
collection.]
Total .. .. .. .. ^133 1 9
Balance due to R. D. . . . . . . 3 3 3
^136
5
0
IoOO.
Contra.
Cr.
Nov. 3.
By balance of last account
18
8
.; 25.
,, cash to Peter Tyrrell for Hound Tax. .
35
6
2
Deer. 8.
,, Do. to Patrick Sheean for fencing at Grange
and Kilmaclenin
A
t
1 1
0
„ II.
,, Do. to David Finn for half-a-year's rent of the
new cover at Kilmaclenin
IO
0
0
„ Do. to Widow Hartnett on account of rent for
the covers at Grange . .
7
19
3
a 15.
Do. to William Guiry, earthstopper . .
2
5
6
a 26.
Do. to John Carmichael for balance of the
dinner bill of 1st inst. . .
1
19
0
,, Do. to do. for do. of this day
2
5
6
1807.
Jan. 17.
„ Do. to Mr. Glover for one year's rent of the
cover at Glover's Glin
8
0
0
,, Do. for Mm. Wrixon's acceptance of Jer. Hore's
bill for one year's rent of Ballybeg Glin,
due 29th September last
13
13
0
Feb. 2.
,, Do. to J. W. Wrixon for ploughing the new
cover at Kilmaclenin . .
20
0
0
Mar. 4.
,, Do. to the Cork Mercantile Chro?iicle
2
9
0
Aug. 28.
,, Do. to the Cork Evening Post
1
17
11
£136 5 o
List of the Subscribers to the Duhallow Hu?it who have paid their Subscriptions for
the year commencing 29th Sept., 1807.
[Here follows a list of 22 members, each paying ^3 8s. 3d., and one, as before,
Paying ^11 7s. 6d., and an odd sum of 5s.; total of whole being ^86 14s.]
Contra. Cr.
An Account of money expended by the Treasurer for the year commencing
29th September, 1807.
1807.
Sep. 29. Paid dinner for twelve at Carmichael's .. . . ^1 19 o
Oct. 4. ,, By order of William Wrixon, esq. . . .. 383
Nov. 2. „ Dinner for ten at Carmichael's .. .. 1 12 6
„ For a new club book .. .. .. o 12 o
58 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCIMi OLOOICAL SOCIETY.
Paid Carniichacl Cor a bottle wine, omitted to be
charged in the bill of the 4th November .
£9
5
5
Nov.
9-
Widow llartnett, per order of Win. Wrixon, esq.
3
8
3
Dec.
1.
Paid Tyrell (Hearth ?), per order Col. Wrixon
38
16
7
1 1.
„ David Finn, per order Col. Wrixon
9
15
0
John Gregg, per order Col. Wrixon
13
13
0
Mar.
17.
,, A messenger going to Cork with advert.
0
3
9.
i »
20.
By order of Col. Wrixon
1
2
9
I*
25.
By order of Do. to a Carrig earthstopper
1
2
9
£75 19 3s
29/ September, 1808. William Beecher, president.
James Cotter, \ Answered for by R. D. L. Cour.
Arthur J. Creagh, „ E. Lysaght.
Geo. Crofts, „ J. Freeman.
Geo. Purcell, ,, A. Bastable.
unanimously admitted by ballot.
Members present — W. W. Beecher, R. De La Cour, Richard Hare, Jo. Freeman,
John Wrixon, John Barry, Richard Newson, John Nash, Ed. Riordan, A. Bastable,
E. Lysaght, George Bruce.
Robert De La Cour appointed treasurer for this year.
November 14th, 1808. John Nicholas Wrixon, esq., president.
Members present — John N. Wrixon, W. Wrixon Becher, Henry Porter, Dr. Barry,
Ed. Reardon, Nicholas Wrixon, John Lysaght, Richard H. Purcell, William Purcell,
James W\ Glover, John M. Wrixon, Ed. Lombard.
The president appointed Ed. Lombard, esq., to be president the next day.
November i6tk. Thomas Glover and James O'Mullane unanimously admitted.
Members present — William Wrixon, John Wrixon N., Nicholas Wrixon, John
Wrixon M., William Purcell, Richard P. Harris, John Lysaght, Ed. Lysaght, J. P.
Glover, Ed. Reardon.
November igtk, 1808. Edmond Lombard, esq., president.
Members present— Ed. Lombard, Robert De La Cour, James Baggs, William
Wrixon Becher, Henry Porter, John Hennessey, John M. Wrixon.
The president appointed H. Porter, esq,, to be vice-president the next meeting day.
The following resolution was entered into the above day : — Resolved — " That in
order to obviate any future mistake to the challenging of the Duhallow Hunt Cup, the
same shall ..." (not completed).
The cup was challenged by Ed. Lombard, esq., in conformity with the above reso-
lution, to be run for at the next Mallow meeting. Horses, etc., to carry twelve stone.
(End of Minute Book).
[Having been informed by gentlemen in the Duhallow country that long prior to A.D.
1800, the hunt was known as " The Castlecor Chace ;" and having been told by one that he
had somewhere seen a silver button bearing this device, I mentioned it to others, and among
them to William Norton Barry, esq,, the hospitable owner of Castlecor, who up till 1893 was
the well-known and popular master of the pack, and he most kindly lent me the two buttons
which are here engraved the full size. Both are of solid silver, and are parcel gilt. One has
engraved upon a ribbon, which is gold upon a silver ground, "The Castlecor Chace." Its
companion has a stag in full chase, with antlered head thrown back, within a wreath, inscribed
" The Castlecor Chace," all gilt, upon a silver groundwork. These are the first examples of
parcel-gilt hunting buttons that we have met with. They have additional local interest in
EXTRACTS FROM OLD MINUTE BOOK OF DUIIALLOW HUNT. 59
having the stamps of the Cork Guild of Goldsmiths, which are well marked upon the back of
each, viz., the Cork town mark of | STERLING | and | I. H. | the maker's stamp for John
Hillery, who flourished in 1752 (" The Goldsmiths of Cork," by Cecil Crawford Woods.
Journal of the U.S.A. I., September, 1895), so that we may reasonably infer that these
buttons, possibly the only memorials that remain of this sporting pack, are a century and a half
at Castlecor. To further illustrate this, I am enabled by the courtesy of Lieutenant Hans Fell
White., R.N., the hon. secretary of the Duhallows, to engrave the gilt button of the hunt as
worn in the early part of the present century.
I have also seen another silver button of this club with the "sterling" mark. It is one
of a set, and belongs to a member of the hunt whose family have been associated with it since
its foundation. It has engraved upon it a fox, with "Duhallow," and the date " 1800." The
shank of the button has been repaired, and the solder has filled up the stamp with the maker's
name, leaving only the first and last letters visible. These are "T . . . N," probably
for Thomas Harman, who was admitted a freeman in 1786. — R. Day.]
Oie 5acre^ ^ree °J Clenor.
By JAMES BYRNE, M.R.S.A.
N the November number of the Cork Historical and
Archceo logical Journal for 1894, Mr. Coleman inquired
if the Sacred Tree in the parish of Clenor was still
extant. As I live in the neighbourhood, I should
have informed Mr. Coleman long ere this that the
tree, or as it is generally known, the Crann a hulla,
is still living ; but I waited until I could get it
photographed, which was kindly done by Major Grove White, of
Kilbyrne, Doneraile.
The Crann a hulla stands alone on the back of a fence on the road
side, in the townland of Annakissy, about two miles south-east of
60 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII/EOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Doncrailc. It is a stunted ash, growing on poor soil, and in a lofty bleak
situation. I had the opinion of a skilled Scottish forester on its age, and
he (Mr. Mitchell, manager of the Doncrailc saw mills) gave it as his
opinion that it could not be under three hundred years old. I mentioned
to him that the saint whose name it commemorated must have lived
upwards of a thousand years ago, and I asked him how could he account
for an ash, which is not the longest-lived species of tree, holding its
vitality for that period ; and his reply was that a seedling or off-shoot
from the parent tree may grow up alongside, and in time replace it.
However this may be, the tree is still there ; and although it is un-
protected, and fuel must have been exceedingly scarce in the locality, no
turf bog being nearer than seven or eight miles, still as much as a branch
of it was never lopped off for any purpose, which plainly proves the
veneration in which it was held, due to the beautiful legend which has
been handed down with it. The legend runs thus : — In the early
Christian times a holy family dwelt in Clenor. One of them in
particular, Craebhnat (Cranat), was singularly beautiful ; and, although
she sought retirement, her pulchritude was spoken of far and near. At
last it reached the ears of the young Prince of Munster, and he, in order
to satisfy himself as to the truth of the reports, came in disguise, and
watched until he saw her going to pray at the neighouring church. He
then felt she was far beyond all his fancy painted her. He suddenly
felt he was her slave, and of all earthly things to gain her love was what
he prized most. He approached her ; she avoided him. He sent her
presents ; they were returned. He tried diplomacy ; it failed. He then
tried threats to her parents, but all to no effect. She had made a vow to
Brigid that she would lead the life of a religieuse, and this vow she would
keep inviolate to death. The prince sickened and pined ; no longer did
he take pleasure in the chase, nor did he lead his followers, as was his
wont, into the front of battle against his enemies. His friends became
very sad, and held a council ; and the resolution they came to, if the life
of the prince was to be saved, was to seize on Craebhnat, convey her to
the royal brugh, and insist on her giving her hand in wedlock to him.
Accordingly a cavalcade was mustered for that purpose, and they re-
paired to Clenor, laid hands on the fair one, and regardless of her tears
made her their captive. But the virgin was not to be put off her purpose.
She had one resource still, and that was to deform her person. Her
beauty was the cause of all her trouble, that she should destroy ; so with
a firm resolve she put out one of her eyes, and where it fell up sprung
the ash-tree, which from that date to the present marks the spot where
holy Craebhnat made such a sacrifice for the faith that was in her. The
prince seeing what happened, and looking at her charming features
THE SACRED TREE OF CLENOR.
6l
covered with blood, and one of those eyes through whose depths he
thought he could see his earthly paradise, plucked out, felt his hopes
were blighted. He ordered the virgin to be restored to her parents, and
he left for home a broken-hearted man.
The Catholic church of Clenor was dedicated to St. Craebhnat about
thirty-three years ago, by the Most Rev. Dr. Keane, bishop of Cloyne.
A pattern used to be held some years ago at St. Craebhnat's well, the
day being March 9th, but on account of some improprieties the parish
priest caused it to be discontinued
Tradition states that Craebhnat had two brothers, or a brother and a
sister, who devoted themselves to the service of God. One was Breanat,
the patron of Wallstown, in whose honour a holy well is still largely
patronised. Some scholars translate Breanat as St. Bernard, but on
looking over Mr. Laurence Ginnell's " Gaelic Personal Names," in the
New Ireland Review for November, 1894, I find he gives Breacnat as a
woman's name. The other was called Nicholas, and the well dedicated
to him is situated near Monaminy Castle ; but on looking over
Mr. Ginnell's list, I do not find any mention of that name. The next
approaching it is Neassan, with the feminine Neassa. I should like to
have the opinion of hagiologists on these questions. I should also like
62
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
to know from those capable of giving an opinion why the term " hullav
was applied to the tree which forms the subject matter of these notes.(,)
There was another tree sacred to Craebhnat, which stood in the
townland of Killura (from Callurach, "a disused burial place," Joyce),
but the treatment it received was quite different from that accorded to
the Crann a Jialla ; for the legend attached to the Killura tree was that
no one could be drowned who was in possession of the least portion of
it. Accordingly, emigrants far and near provided themselves with chips
of it, until at last it disappeared entirely, which occurred about thirty
years ago. I have not heard how the legend arose that this tree
possessed those life-saving powers, but it is very probable that St.
Craebhnat had some extraordinary escape from drowning, or else rescued
some drowning person.
That the church at Clenore was an ancient one, we find by the
taxation of Pope Nicholas, in 1291, Capella de Clenwyr was valued five
marks. In the Book of Lismore it is also referred to as " an ancient
burial place."
The Protestant church at Clenor was built in 181 3, and was sold in
1887. The walls and square tower still remain. The inscription on the
solid silver cup and paten belonging to the church was as follows : —
IN USUM MENSiE SACR^E
ECCLESI^ DE CLENORE
GULS BENNETT
EPISC : CLONEUS
D. D. D.
A.D. MDCCCXIII.
Clenore, or as it was also called Clonore, means, most probably,
" moist meadow." The name is most appropriate, for the land surround-
ing the church is very moist indeed.
00 Dr. Joyce, in his Irish Names of Places, defines ulla as an altar tomb or
penitential station; but I know some old Irish speaking people who used to say the
term was derived from ulla, chrism or unchin.
RISE AND PROGRESS IN MUNSTER OF THE REBELLION. 63
Che T^ise and "progress in jMunster of the
Rebellion, 1642.
(From a Manuscript in the British Museum.)
Edited by HERBERT WEBB GILLMAN, B.L., Vice-President,
(continued).
T was given out that the rebels, during their being at
Moyalloe, hanged one Maguire,an English minister,and
another Florence Quin, a native Protestant, which they
brought with them from Kilmallock, in a glen near the
town ; the truth of which was confirmed, as there
were two such men afterwards found thrown into a
ditch, with a little earth scraped on them, which had
been hanged on a willow growing on a bank on the ditch. Moreover,
to the intent that these vain men might build trophies to their glory,
they made laws (the only badge of conquest), ecclesiastical and civil,
as — the reduction of all abbeys and impropriations which had devolved
to the Crown in the thirty-two years of Henry VIII., to their former use
and jurisdiction ; the settling of all spiritual livings, not impropriate, on
their priests and churchmen ; and that whosoever shall protect any
Englishman's person or goods, and not discover them, shall incur the
same prejudice as the Englishman himself is obnoxious to ; and,
amongst others, the rule was that, where any Englishman had any
lands of inheritance, he should be expelled from them ; and that he
or his heir, of the Irish, from whom the land was originally deduced,
should re-enter into possession thereof. And from this principle there
grew at Moyalloe a hot discourse between the Lord Roche and
McDonogh (like ^Esop's two dogs about a bone), which of them should
have and enjoy the town of Moyalloe ; whereunto the lord's pretence
was that it was situated within his barony of Fermoy, whereof his
viscountship takes his denomination, and therefore it ought to belong
to him (but, by his lordship's favour, it was never of that barony).
McDonogh's title was, that he being lord of the barony of Duhalla,(l)
this being called Moyalloe, by the " ancient ethniologie and con-
gruitie " of the two words, it must needs belong to him, though all
(J) Duhallow, Duthaigh-eallo (Doohy-alla), "the district of the river Alio ;" Mallow,
Magh-ealla (Moyalla, Four Masters), the plain of the river Alio."— Joyce.
64
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
the world knows that Moyalloc did anciently belong to the Karl of
Desmond, of the family of the Gcraldines, " an exempt and privileged
place," situate between the baronies of Ecrmoy and Duhalla, and devolved
to the Crown about fifty-six years since, by the attainder of the said
Earl and his complices, by Act of Parliament.
The conclusion is that, if but one thousand men had been landed in
Munster from England before the enemy came into county Cork — which
was at least three months after beginning of the Rebellion — those of the
county Cork would not have revolted to this hour. Those in England who
did procrastinate sending succour must needs own to themselves the
loss of many thousand souls, put into an unavoidable condition of
perishing ; and the addition of increased charge in regaining so
populous a country now in rebellion against the Crown, which in all
likelihood might have proved auxiliary to the same.
If any be offended at this language of acrimony, I beseech him to
consider that it proceeds from a granted liberty to a losing speaker,
who hath been a pinching sufferer in this prosecution, and is now-
declined, disfriended, and precipitated from a cheerful condition of
prosperity and reputation to a despicable existence of misery and
contempt ; and who desires with all humility to inquire after the
efficient cause of these distempers, which may be easily discerned to
arise from a Divine Power, who most justly hath caused the wanton
English*2) of this kingdom to drink deeply of this cup of desolation, for
their flying into excess in all degrees of irreligion in all duties, of
ingratitude for all favours, and for uncharitableness and dissension one
towards another. It is to be feared this heavy hand will hold on them
till they shall expiate the indignation of the Supreme power by their
penitence.
This action of the Irish with the English the native actors resolve
to be requisite and full of sanctimony, as appears by a relation made in
my presence to a nobleman of great esteem of the English party in this
province, by an Irish gentleman of the Romish religion, who affirmed
that the priests, being commanded by their superiors to prepare the laity
to assist in the design to eradicate the English, did swear and take his
oath on his book of Pius Quintus in the audience of all the congregation
at a public mass, that their ruin and destruction by fire and sword was
determined in England if they would not turn Protestants and go to
church, and that those who had undertaken this common Catholic cause
00 The admission contained in this passage (which in the above is condensed
from the MS.), is remarkable as coming from a writer who elsewhere shows his
political opinions very openly. It supports the idea also that the writer was
a clergyman.
RISE AND PROGRESS IN MUNSTER OF THE REBELLION. 65
had a good commission (3) and authority for so doing from the King
and Queen of England, and whosoever should lose his life in this holy
war should go immediately to Heaven and escape pains of purgatory.
But I must take my leave of poor Moyalloe, to whom I acknowledge
so much endearment, that rather than suffer her desolation to pass
without tears I would choose to want them at mine own funeral. I
desire to prevail on the reader to take a benign cognizance of the pro-
prietor and the place. That which concerns the proprietor shall be
personal, and relate to grandfather, his father and kinsfolk. The first (4)
(whose family name, should I mention it, would put the rebels in hazard
of running away) was Governor and President of the Province of
Munster under Queen Elizabeth, and in that employment did attain to
a glorious death. He was both good and just to the natives in that
charge ; he was the noblest friend to the now Lord Roche's father, and
in realities of such importance that both his lands and life might be
concerned therein ; and as for O'Callaghans it is notorious that his favour,
and merely that which he might have left undone with as much justice
as done it, put this sinister (s) family of the Callaghans first into a consi-
derable place and part of the county, by means whereof they have in
time wrested out of the right line and gotten the whole Pobble to them-
selves, " consisting of more than 20 plo. lands," whereof, it is believed,
they would never have gotten one but by that introduction. Lastly, the
meanness of his estate, both personal and hereditary, and the exigence
of his revenue, deliver plain testimony that he employed himself about
something else than in providing for posterity by pilling the country
and grasping possessions of the native lands. But the very place (of
Moyalloe) came to him by purchase from the first or second hand of
those who first gained it from the Crown. The second spent much of
his time here as a servitor in Tyrone's wars, having the command of a
troop of horse and some other part of it in time of peace at Moyalloe,
where he was found to be so plentiful in all kinds of goodness and justice
(3) It is very significant how often this positive assertion of a Commission from
King Charles I. appears in original documents relating to this period.
(4) Sir Thomas Norris, Lord President of Munster, whose daughter and heiress
married Sir John Jephson, mentioned as "second" below.
(5) If " sinister" refers to a " bar sinister " the writer is, I believe, mistaken ; but the
pedigree and history of the chief of Pobul I. Callaghan show that the chieftainship
was, by a " surrender and regrant," diverted from the true tanist descent. The fiants
relating to that act of surrender are No. 5903 and 5908 of 2nd and 6th December,
1594. The boundaries of the territory are thus stated, therein : — " From Glanda
Ieyghe and Molyne hitrynnane on the west to the water of Clyedagh, Beamy ny
mohir, Beamy Inclynowe on the east, and from Portidieih and Bear Icanhin on the
south to the foss of Ballynowe on the north." The foss of Ballynowe has been kindly
identified for me by Rev. T. Olden, as the watercourse now called the Navigation. Can
any reader identify the places whose names are printed in italics in the above ?
66 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
and hospitality at all times and to all persons, that the lords and gentle-
men have often expressed that there never lived by them so noble a
neighbour, of whom, it may be said, that he never got one foot of land
of the natives ; whereof he might have had plenty and for the asking,
having been present at the " very divident " of the lands at the conclusion
of the troubles, and held in singular esteem by the State and dearly
intimate with Sir Arthur Chichester, then Lord Deputy and Privy
Councillor of State, for almost thirty years before his death. His Irish
neighbours here had him and his virtues in such affection that, although
they be tainted, they retain to this hour reverent conceit of him. The
third having employed himself for a year or two after his father's death in
settling his estate and affairs in England and attendance in Parliament,
of which he was an acceptable member, he resolved to live in Ireland,
and in September, 1641, brought with him a family and wife (a gentle-
woman of honour and endowment), purposing to spend much of his time
at Moyalloe, preassuring himself of all friendly correspondency with his
native neighbours for the respect they all bore to his grandfather and
father. And so they were apprehended to be till they had all taken that
Jesuitical sop of contagion ; and thus disloyalty had diffused itself among
them. But lo ! the tide turned, and he saw, in less than four months,
combustion instead of communion, for a due retribution whereof I do not
despair, but hope that he that played a passive part in this tumultuous
tragedy may, in the very next scene, personate the active and be a
minister of revenge for this perfidious dealing with him, to the prose-
cution whereof I leave him, and so briefly fall to the next particular,
which is — the place ; the persons whereon and the situation whereof
shall only be observable : —
For the persons — my pen is by the bitter times filled so full of gall
that it is indisposed to flattery — some of them, I must confess, have
been " disindustruous," having been soldiers and sons of such, so ignorant
of any other arts and impatient of labour, much addicted to jollity and
good fellowship — the epidemical disease of all the English plantations in
this kingdom. Other some who have applied themselves solicitously to
trades, occupations and manufactures, have thrived well and attained
much wealth in a short time. However, they did live plentifully and
comfortable together — a main reason whereof may be imputed to their
affectionate landlord's care over them, so that they were always protected
from oppressions from all others and persuaded from contestations
among themselves ; such as fell out were reconciled by arbitrament of
friendship or by the decree of the Court Baron, where the charge seldom
exceeded half-a-crown. It is very true that in twenty years together
there hath not been more than one suit in law commenced among them
RISE AND PROGRESS IN MUNSTER OF THE REBELLION. 67
all in any court, but among themselves, the want of which moderation
in other places where the English inhabited is known to have been the
ruin of many families. The natives got much money yearly about
Moyalloe from the English for wood, timber, carriage work, cloth, flesh,
corn, etc., with which they paid their lord's rents and other duties, which
was of such necessity to them that the common sort of people had
starved without it. Besides, the chief lords and gentlemen thereabouts,
who were always " prodigally indigent " in money matters, whenever
they had to go to Dublin about lawsuits (wherein they were plentifully
furnished), did commonly supply themselves either by some contract or
on interest or courtesy out of the town, so that now there are few of them
not indebted to some English of that poor place, which [before] had been
the greatest thoroughfare in the province. And by reason of a populous
and well frequented market, kept weekly — which the abundance of
English families living near it caused a great concourse of people and
trade there — it is known that between " Alhollontide " and Christmas
there were not less than one hundred fat beeves killed and sold weekly,
it being usual that a butcher did vend twenty beeves every week. He
that should have seen what a numerous and heaped congregation there
came to the church every Sabbath (where they received holy instruction
from a learned and vigilant pastor), were very uncharitable not to grieve
to see or hear what rent and dissipation there is now made, not only
among the people, but also in the church itself, by the " holy violence "
and breach of the enemy.
The situation Moyalloe stands in a very pleasant and fruitful soil, with
of Moyalloe. a good proportion of principal limestone land about it, rich
meadows, arable and pasture. At each end of it runs a fine small river,
on one side of it a " tirranical large river " called the Blackwater, but
more truly the Broadwater, plentiful in as good salmon as can be in the
world, along which a trade is lately settled by boats of three or four
tons burthen for carrying goods between Moyalloe and Youghal (of
which device <6> the Lord President, when living there, was the first
inventor), which was of principal good use, especially in winter, when
the ways are foul and land carriage not easy to get. The situation is
also itself well accommodated with woods, while there is a great store of
wood and timber also out of O'Callaghan's country mearing with it,
which is a rare commodity in most parts of Ireland.
The higher To the castle, which for strength and beauty is inferior
to few in the kingdom, doth belong a fair and large
(6) This refers, I think, to the foss of Ballynowe or the Navigation, mentioned in
note 5.
68 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII/EOLOCICAL SOCIETY.
demesne, two pigeon houses, a concygcerc, (7> a pleasant and spacious
park, well impaled, of over four and a-half miles circumference, equally
composed of lawns, shecrewood, coppices, brakes and shelter, with
a large paddock of sixty acres, and so well furnished with fallow deer
(and some red deer also) that there would have been this next season
one hundred full complete bucks, most of which are now killed or
driven thence and the pale destroyed in many places. I am confident
that for a house with the elements of fire, air, earth and water belonging
to it, for English neighbourhood, for convenient vicinity to the sea, for
hawking at pheasant, partridge, rail, quail, heath-poll (8); for hunting the
hare, deer, fox, otter'; for fishing, fowling, " boulinge," and for all other
requisites conducing to pleasure or profit, there is no place in the
kingdom that can scarce parallel this. I must conclude the reader
must be full of much obduration if you commiserate not those worthy
of consolation of all the miseries that war or revenge shall accumulate
on them.
Part II. of the Sloane Manuscript.
A true relation of certain particular passages between his Majesty's army and the
rebels in the Province of Munster.
The Lord Mountgarret, general of this invincible army, with which
he marched into county Cork, February, 1641, to put all the lords and
Mountgarret's gentlemen thereof into action of rebellion, and which he
army six days kept in Moyalloe six days, departed from them with all
at Moyalloe. j^g armv jn great offence on some difference arising between
his commanders and the Lord Roche, McDonogh, O'Callaghan, and
other chief gentlemen of that country. By his leaving them they were
beyond measure perplexed, and repented they had so " inconsiderably "
revolted at the instigation of the general who had forsaken them, having
neither men nor arms to preserve themselves from any force that might
assault them. In truth, a very small number of men would in this
desperate condition have expelled them out of their countries ; but they
had dipped their fingers so deep in this treason that there was no hope
or thought of retractation or submission for them. It therefore behoved
them to summon themselves and their best counsels for their present
security, and by good fortune they fell on an expedient that wrought
their deliverance for the present by their speedy repair to the Lord of
Muskerry. He was understood to stand a neuter and hold intelligence
(7) A rabbit-warren.
(8) Heath-powt, a Cumberland word for black-cock — HalliwelL
RISE AND PROGRESS IN MUNSTER OF THE REBELLION. 69
with the Lord President of Minister, being then at Cork, who hoped to
restrain him ; but in vain, for those men guessing that that lord would
prove a very important man who would much advance their cause if
they could work his revolt, laboured by all means to effect the same.
And this was quickly brought to pass, partly through Jesuitical power
exercised over him, partly through an interest which some of the chief
of the faction had in him, and partly by an overreaching wit whereby
At the Lord they circumvented him. Their coming to him was to use
Muskerry's the same measures of fraud as the general had used force
enTe^ed^nto to tnem but a little before in gaining them into their
considerations, accursed confederation. And so soon as the Lord Mus-
kerry declared himself very many chief lords of countries did the like,
and met all together at his house, where they entered into deep considera-
tion about managing the intended war ; and, to avoid jealousies among
themselves in matter of superiority, it was resolved that none of the chief
lords and gentlemen should bear anv office in the army,
Garrott Barry 0 ' • J
chosen general and to that purpose they made choice of one Garrott
to avoid Barry to be their general, who had long served under the
aSong°the King of Spain, and may be a good soldier ; but for a poli-
gentry. tician I cannot esteem him one, especially when I behold
him in his outward appearance, which renders him very homely and
despicable ; or in his " complemant," which hath not in it any symptoms of
courtship ; or his discourse, which declares him to have no affinity with
Cicero ; or his action, wherein you may find as much motion as in a stone
wall. But after some scrutiny, the abilities of direction, advice or
stratagem are found in him to the terror of such English as shall have to
T j do with him ; and for the more countenance of the business
Barry, Lord
General ; Mus- he was called Lord General, and the Lord of Muskerry
others3 the anc* some otner Prime and selected men called the Council
Council of of War. You could not forbear laughing to see them
War- worship this golden calf with such reverence that none
dared speak to him but with hat in hand ; and this business being put
in order there was instantly a very great army levied, whereunto all the
lords and gentlemen within twenty miles compass became " contribu-
tioners," by sending part of their strength towards building this huge
body and provisions to support them there, and leaving part behind to
secure the country ; so that in a time they got together a barbarous bulk
of four thousand men (as they gave out), the moiety whereof were sow-
boys, plowboys and cowboys, the other moiety rebels, traitors and
villains, all professed servants to the Devil and the Pope. These were
committed to the disposal of the Lord General, who improved their and
his time to the most advantage, undertaking to the council of war that
7o
CORK HISTORICAL AN D ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
within a short time he would deliver into their hands not only the strong
and populous city of Cork (where the President lay with near two thou-
sand men), but the King's fort also thereto adjoining, where was great
plenty of artillery, ammunition and victuals, defended by some two
hundred soldiers ; so that there was none other discourse now but the
taking of Cork and the fort, which was to the townsmen an operation
instead of Gyria or Pollipodium, and wrought such effects as to this
hour it stinks most abominable.
The General drew his men near the city as if he would devour it in
a moment, and is too wise to let anybody know whether he intend to do
it by policy or strength, and having billeted them some four or five miles
compass round the city (destinated to his and their pillage and fury), he
is now retired to his privacy, and desires all to leave him — and so must
About ^ — *° ^e frammg °f ms " laderiscoes, granadoes, fire-
beginning of works, altissimoes, batriscoes, tormentabilia, faculations,
Chas\^vasor trepidations, penetrandulas," and other stratagems, the
lands at meaning whereof I omit for want of the words of art.
Youghal with But about the beginning of March, Colonel Vavasor,
a regiment ° °
with troops of said to be a very gallant, able, and profound gentleman in
horse. fas own art} landed at Youghal with a regiment of lusty
and well-appointed foot, together with his own, the Lord of Dun-
Th L d garvan's, the Lord Broghill's, and Captain Curtnye's troop
President from of horse. The Lord President determined to look abroad,
Cork towards ancj marched from Cork towards Tallow on a design
against some of Richard Butler's men, whom he thought
to have met withal, but was disappointed. And from thence he
set forward towards Dungarvan (a small town on the seaside,
about ten miles from Youghal), whither the Lord President had
ordered a piece of artillery to be brought him by sea from Cork.
At his first coming thither he took and pillaged the town, killed many
of the people in it, and then set it on fire ; but the castle, which was
very strong and well fortified with men put in there by Richard Butler,
A revolt in denied him entrance ; whereupon, being resolved to besiege
Cork it and pull them out by force, he received letters from
suspected. Sergeant Major Searle (whom he had intrusted with Cork
in his absence) advertising of some discovery made by him that there
appeared great danger of a revolt in the citizens, and beseeching him
speedily to return thither to prevent that mischief ; and of the revolt and
Castle of loss whereof the Lord President was so sensible that he was
yieTd^Tupon constrained (much against his nature and purpose) to give
quarter. those in the castle quarter, which they willingly accepted.
And so leaving a convenient garrison there of his own, he marched
RISE AND PROGRESS IN MUNSTER OF THE REBELLION. 7 1
_ _ _ , . . with all haste to Cork About the middle of March the
Lord Inchiquin, . .
and Colonel Lord of Inchiquin and Captain Jephson landed out of Eng-
Jephson with jand in Youghal each with one hundred horse, than whom
two troops 1111 11 it,
midst of no two men could have been more acceptable to the Lord
March. President. And yet they had been more welcome had
they brought more forces with them. On knowledge of their being
Mallow and landed, the Lord President charged them with both their
Doneraile troops to march to Malloe, where Captain Jephson's was to
garrison . ^e garrisoned, and the other at Doneraile, both which
places were then well furnished and accommodated for horse and man.
The Lord of Inchiquin went by sea from Youghal to Cork to visit the
Lord President and give him an account of their journey and negotia-
tions in England, and came thence to Moyalloe, where he met Captain
Jephson, who had come with both the troops from Youghal about 25th
25th of °f March. But, before he alighted from his horse he was
March. greeted with a short letter subscribed by Lord Roche, the
Earl of Dunboyne, and Richard Butler from Buttevant, directed to him-
self, or in his absence to Thomas Betesworth (a servant and agent of his),
Roche &c to ^e effect that the subscribers desired leave to pass
desire passage with their army the next day over the Bridge of Moyalloe,
orMdfow^86 wnere tney promised that none hurt or spoil should be
but resolutely committed to any people or goods, concluding they
denied. expected a present answer of that demand ; and though
the messenger that brought the letter told the captain and the rest that
the lords had vowed, in case passage were denied them, to force their
way over and to burn and destroy the remainder of Moyalloe town, yet
Captain Jephson writ them a resolute answer, that he was now listed in
the King's pay, and therefore neither could nor would comply with any
of the King's enemies in anything seeming advantageous to them. The
lords were ill pleased with this answer, yet would not or durst not march
that way, but next day disposed themselves through Lord Roche's
country, yet within view of the town ; and kept the highway as if they
meant to come to it, which invited the Lord of Inchiquin and Captain
Jephson to prepare for them, and putting their troops in order followed
them some two miles in the Lord Roche's country, in sight one of
another ; but these great braggers expressed no disposition to fight, but
marched away hastily, though their army consisted of at least three
thousand, and the King's not above two hundred. It was supposed by
their demeanour that, if Lord Inchiquin and Captain Jephson had
charged them with their horse (as I dare say they would have done
had these but one hundred more), they might probably have routed
them.
72
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIKTY.
The cause of their coming again into those parts (for most of this
army were of those that were at the siege of Moyalloe) is said to be
that, after they had returned home from that siege, they had little
business to do in the county of Tippcrary, where the Baron® of Loghma,
Richard Butler, and the Lord of Dunboyne lived, having long before
rifled all the English there, and no enemy near them ; and yet they
had a desire to keep their men together in readiness for all occasions,
which if they would have done resting in their own country they would
have quickly exhausted all the provision therein ; wherefore they led
them from home with pretence to assist the county Cork men and
the General in his pretended siege. But as they were marching thereto,
Lord Roche, fearing incursions on him by Lord Inchiquin and Captain
Jcphson, persuaded Butler (to whom the chief command of that army
was intrusted) to lie in his country for the defence thereof, where,
when they were kept three or four days, they had so harrowed the
country that there was no means of livelihood left for them ; and to
prevent their mutinying Lord Roche drew them to Buttevant, suggest-
ing (as was true) that there was a great stackyard of corn there belong-
ing to Captain William Kingsmill which would suffice the whole army
for four or five days, which moved them to condescend to that proposi-
tion, for they were never out of their way when they could get victuals ;
and for this cause they came again to Buttevant, and there stayed till
they had eaten that and all the rest of the corn thereabouts, and thence
writ to Captain Jephson about passing the bridge as already mentioned ;
neither were they very conscionable to take from the very Irish them-
selves where they could not be easily supplied out of the English.
(9) To supplement the scanty information given in a previous note, I have been
favoured with the following by Mr. Lyndhurst Purcell of Cork, and Mr. Hewson of
Hollywood, county Limerick. The Purcells are of Norman extraction, the name being
derived from the porcelle shown in their arms. The first in Ireland arrived in the army
of Henry II., in 1172. About a century after Sir Hugh Purcell founded (as Ware
relates) the convent of Franciscan Friars at Waterford. When James Butler, first
Earl of Ormond, was authorised as Count Palatine of Tipperary to create Palatine
Barons, he so created the head of the Loghmoe family, and the Barons of Loghmoe after-
wards intermarried with the Butlers of Ormond and other noble families. One of the
Loghmoe family settled in Waterford, and left three sons, one of whom remained in
Waterford, another settled in Kilkenny, and a third in Croagh, county Limerick. Of
this Croagh family was General Purcell mentioned in the text, and Colonel Garret
Purcell. Colonel Garret after the war took service in Spain, but returned during the
Jacobite war, when he must have been an elderly man. The Purcells of Pullen and
Kanturk descend from a Richard Purcell, who married into the Ormond family, and
through the duke's interest obtained lands in the plains of Duhailow ; and this family
claims the name of Kanturk, "boar's head," as being derived from the boar's head
shewn in their arms and crest, though Smith (bk. ii., ch. vi.) gives a different, but
conjectural, account of the origin of the name. Arms, or, a saltire between four boars'
heads, sa, couped, gu. Crest, a hand, couped above the wrist, erect, holding a sword
vertical, hilted, or, pierced through a boar's head, sa, couped gu, the sleeve az, turned
up arg.
RISE AND PROGRESS IN MUNSTER OF THE REBELLION. 73
The principal care taken for the present by Lord Inchiquin and
Captain Jephson was to provide good store of forage into their several
garrisons for their horses, of such corn and hay as remained of the
Englishmen's. In which they found difficulty, for the enemy, fearing the
vicinity of these garrisons would prove troublesome, burnt all the stacks
of hay they could come at, and began to thresh and carry away the corn,
so that the captains were compelled to take by the strong hand whatever
they could get, and had supplied themselves within fourteen to twenty
News of the days. During this time they received intelligence from
President Cork of the Lord President being dangerously sick, whereat
being sick. ^\Qy both rode instantly thither, and found him so ill as to
be unlikely to live six hours, which invited the Lord Inchiquin to continue
with him, in expectation of his recovery, which (God be thanked) was
accomplished within three weeks. Captain Jephson returned next day to
" Moallowe," and began to cast about how he might do some service ;
Rathgoggan anc^ an °PPortunity presented itself of besieging a castle,
Castle eight miles off, called Rathgoggan/IO>the inheritance of the
beseiged; Eari f Cor] but let to farm to one Robert Meade, a
relieved by ' '
Captain " worthy man and a good servitor in the last wars, who with
Jephson. thirty or forty more was strictly beset by Large and Supple,
two arch rebels, and some sixty rogues of theirs, who had taken a house
or two adjoining the castle, and thence had played on the defendants.
To rescue them Captain Jephson, taking with him some thirty of his own
troop and thirty of the Lord Inchiquin's (commanded by his cornet
Banister), and some ninety musketeers from " Moallowe and Downrayle,"
under conduct of Lieutenant John Downinge (a man intrusted by the
Lord President with the keeping his castle at Downrayle, and singularly
useful and active in these kind of services from his knowledge of the
county and language, worthy of much esteem were it not for his rigid
comportment, which made him open to the envy of many, especially the
common soldiers), marched among the rebels unawares, who instantly
betook themselves to their heels (in which weapon they have more
(IO) Rathgogan Castle stood where the town of Charleville now stands, in the
barony of Orrery and Kilmore. Little is known of its ancient history; but the name
points to its having been built by the Cogans, as was Kilbolane, soon after the arrival
of Strongbow. From them it came to the Earl of Desmond, and was included in his
forfeiture ; and was among the lands granted to Hugh Cuffe, one of the undertakers,
by grant recited in Fiant, Eliz., No. 5,066, dated 14th November, 1587, wherein it is
mentioned as "The castle and lands of Rathgogan, late David Encorig [Wof the
marsh], alias M'Gibbon's lands . . . late the Earl of Desmond's." '"The text
shows that it had passed into the rapacious hands of the first Earl of Cork.
(«) All students of that mine of Irish history, The Fiants, published by the Deputy
Keeper of the Records, Ireland, are indebted to Father Lyons for his learned and
valuable paper on " The Nicknames in the Fiants," published in the preceding volume
of this Journal, pp. 337 et seq.
74
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
confidence than in any oilier they carry). But the horse quickly over-
took them, and fell on execution with such fury that forty of the rebels
were sent to Pluto (yet to be canonised as martyrs by their holy father),
and scarce one would have been left but that the place was unserviceable
for horse by reason of the high banks and bogs there. Then having
burned the houses which annoyed the castle, and having taken some
small pillage (among others Large's arms, which were left behind, and
The Castle °f worth), the captain and a few more entered the
relieved. Castle, and had hearty thanks and three good horses
bestowed on them by Mr. Meade. But while he was in the house he
had secret intelligence that some of the guarders used in defence of the
castle had before that done some wicked acts of hostility to the English,
which on examination proving to be true, the captain delivered three of
them to his soldiers, who quickly despatched them, though one or two of
them (who had been ancient servants to Mr. Meade, being Irish) were
exceedingly interceded for by him, yet to no purpose.
Balliha Castle ^nc^ on ^e return Dack Captain Jephson thought fit to
summoned by summon a castle belonging to Lord Roche, called
Jephson. Balliha,(ll) with a garrison of five or six men and a small
store of munition ; who accepted, at the first motion of quarter, to go
thence with their lives. In the castle was found very great store of corn,
which was brought afterwards to Downerayle and Moallowe ; and a
sergeant and ten men with convenient munition were put into it, who
by direction burned it to the ground after all was taken out thence.
T , . . This work detained them but a little while ; and then
In his return # m 1
the rebels setting forwards, and having marched a mile they spied
appeared. about three hundred men — drawn together, it seems, on an
alarm given by some of those who escaped from Rathgoggan — on the
side of a hill over which the captain and his men were to march, and
stood in the way he had to travel. These afterwards proved to be men of
Sir Edward Fitzharris, baronet, a man more copious in estate than in
discretion, ignorantly young, a debtor rather to fortune than to nature,
who must needs out, for fashion and reputation sake, and took his time
to be revenged for the burning and preying of his country (some eight
miles in length, and of much strength and fertility), which had been
effectually acted some six weeks before by horsemen volunteers from
Moallowe, commanded by Lieutenant Arthur Betesworth — some of the
company there of Captain Jephson's, and some horse and foot from
Downeraile under Lieutenant Downing — who made the traitor sensible
(n) This also is mentioned in the fiant of the grant to Hugh Cuffe, quoted in note 9.
" A little broken castle called Doe's Castle (gy. Castle Dod, Smith ii., ch. 6), in the town
and parish of Balliha, containing eighty acres."
RISE AND PROGRESS OF THE REBELLION IN MUNSTER. 75
of the smart and operation of fire and sword, and brought home with
them some four hundred cows, garrons, and other pillage. This furious
young knight had at an instant these companies together, which he
easily did, as his country, called the barony of St. George, lay
"contagious" and within sight of Balliha. He made choice of that
time, conceiving that the English soldiers had exhausted most of their
munition that day, and were wearied with the long march ; himself on
horseback being with his men all on foot, saving that at a pretty
distance from them some six or eight horse were standing on the hill
side. This spectacle much rejoiced the captain and all the company,
being confident they should go shortly to fisticuffs with the enemy, who
seemed to stand strictly to their tackling. To encourage them where-
unto, the captain with his horse seemed to ride under the hill another
way, as if he durst not touch with them, giving direction to Lieutenant
Downing to march directly towards them with his musketeers, intending
himself with the horse to fetch the hill, and so to get behind them and
fall in on their rear, all which was done at an instant. And, first,
Lieutenant Downing brought up his men and discharged at the enemy
a large volley of shot, though it wrought not much execution among
them by reason of the distance and the dry banks where-
The rebels
beaten by with they sheltered themselves. But they kept their
Lieutenant ground, exchanging shot for shot, only the valourous
ancTcapfain knight baronet rode away from his banneret and soldiers
Jephson before the onset. And the musketeers had no sooner
performed their parts than the captain with his horse
charged the enemy so furiously that they were stupified, and casting
away their pikes, and (for lightness) their brogues, ran away dispersedly,
whom the horse and the swiftest foot eagerly pursued, and had
" pleasantly " the killing of them by the space of two hours, wherein
there could not be fevver(l2) sacrificed to destruction than six or seven
score, besides wounded who escaped. And had not the river, unpassable
but on fords, and the bogs been propitious to them, then had few of
them escaped. Only the lieutenant and ensign were taken prisoners ;
the latter of whom, thinking to save their colours, put them into his
breeches, where they were found and pulled out with a very vengeance,
and are now set up in the captain's dining-room at Moallowe, where
they remain as a mark of the noble baronet's vindicative displeasure, for
whose honorable regard I do wish they were returned him on condition
the captain had his forfeited lands worth little less than £"1,500 per
annum.
(I2) The combatants seem to have no idea of giving quarter or taking prisoners
among the rank and file.
76
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
The captain and his men stayed that night at Downeraile, ot whom
there was only one man of Captain Jephson's killed, and at the first
encounter, with a shot, and a valiant gentleman of his troop, Lieutenant
Cooke, lightly hurt in the thigh with a pike.
A short time after this exploit, Captain Jephson rode to Cork to
revisit the sick Lord President and receive his commands ; and brought
back with him two hundred musketeers taken out of the companies at
Cork under the command of Sir John Browne and Captain Prise, both
of them very dexterous and well-experienced in military discipline, with
directions from the Lord President to pursue such services as Captain
Jephson should advise and bade them to ; whereof one hundred were to
be garrisoned at Moallowe, and the other in Downeraile. Where, after
a day or two's rest, Captain Jephson marched with a good part of them
and some of the troops, and marched over the mountains towards the
county of Limerick, and brought with them good store of carriages to
fetch home the corn they left in Balliha Castle. And as they went they
encountered with a castle called Ballynageragh, the freehold of Sir Philip
Percival, knt.(l3) (whom I must not name without reverence to his
memory and worth as to a man of a rare, honest, and most heroic
endowments), wherein, yet for contestation sake, the busy Lord Roche
had put in a company of men who at first motion refused to surrender
upon any terms ; but when they perceived that the English were in
earnest, they quickly entertained quarter for safety of their lives. In this
castle they found good store of corn, which having taken thence, they set
the castle on fire.
I give precedency to this last action over the great battle with the
General and the Lord of Muskerry, that I might give time to the studious
General to compose and digest his " mirabilia," whom I left over a month
since to his privacy and stratagems ; from whom men now expected
nothing less than a parturiunt montes. But (in this interval) the place
and people of Cork were become more secure, while in the Irish camp it
was said by some that the General was sleeping, and by others that he
wished to procrastinate this war for his own advantage,
of^^erdiem navm& an allowance of £3 per diem given him from the
given to their council of war ; while some said that for want of butter and
comidfof waT brimstone he was compelled to make his granadoes with
" canyelabo and album greecum," which would not do,
though the lords and other chieftains had a great opinion of it ; and
some said he could not get powder enough to compose certain baneful
works, which, in the Spanish tongue, he called " Iginterendos and
(13) Smith, Hist. Cor/e, book ii., ch. 6, gives his history.
RISE AND PROGRESS IN MUNSTER OF THE REBELLION. 77
devorandula ;" which [powder] the council of war denied him, saying he
would expend so much about these preparadoes, that he would not
leave enough for them for an assault or skirmish. In the lords
and other chief gentlemen and the council of war was observed a
w} t ^ universal dejection at those delays, who told their General
gentlemen told in plain terms that he had egregiously failed them in their
the Irish expectations, in that they had long since sharpened their
General *
skenes and swords to cut the Englishmen's throats, and
time had blunted them again through his dalliance. To whom the grave
and gradual General replied in a sufficient eloquent speech (for he was
" ould dog" at it), that they were worthy reprehension by such sinister
thoughts, so to precipitate a business of such high concernment as this,
assuring them he had seen seven years spent about such a grand work as
this was. But, observing in their countenance such a prevailing resolu-
tion and animosity, he gave them full assurance that in a few days he
would draw the English army into the midst of their battalions, and
they should have the cutting off of every man of them. This last speech
of bringing them to the fight did so satisfy the council, and so resuscitate
the declining heads of the commons, that they, holding up their pikes,
with a general acclamation, cried " Long live the General!"
In pursuance of this plot the General shortly after sent out a party
of two hundred men, with directions that they should, in a kind of
bravado, march as near to the walls of the town as they could without
hazard, and commit some " depreate " act of hostility in the very view of
them, and thereby provoke those within to come forth ; while himself
and the whole army lay within a mile and a half to second them on all
Inchiquin and occas^ons- This divice took its wished effect (the Lord
Vavason being President being still sick), for the Lord Inchiquin and
affronted by Colonel Vavason, men of active spirit, with the rest of the
the enemy, r '
issued out of right valiant captains within the town, resenting these
Cork. affronts, after consultation and by approbation of the
President, issued out of the town with about four hundred musketeers
and ninety horsemen, and marched near a mile before they could descry
any of the enemy. And then espying a party of men (which they took
to be those who had showed themselves near that town), made towards
them with a loose wing of musketeers, the rest coming after softly ;
which the enemy observing directed some shot of theirs to recover^1*) a
place of advantage to which the enemy were advancing, who made such
haste that they got the place first. And then the Irish placed an
O4) Smithy iii., ch. 5, says Lord Muskerry's camp was near Rochfortstown, parish
Iniskenny.
73
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII/KOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
ambuscado under a bank or ditch adjoining, and so there began a light
skirmish amongst them, wherein the enemy did retreat, the
roSednemy English following them, who presently discovered the
General's whole army ordered for battle. Though this was
an unexpected sight to the English, yet they undauntedly went on, and
were fiercely encountered by a right valiant gentleman of the Irish party
called by nickname Captain Suggane, but rightly Florence McDonnell
McFynyne(ls) (a second brother to McFynyne in Desmond), who was
drawn into the action, and had more courage in him than I have seen or
heard amongst any of the natives. He and his men, well armed and
well " metalled," fought most stoutly with the English, in view of the
General, the Lord of Muskerry, and the whole army; from whom having
no reasonable rescues, he was, after many shot and wounds received,
slain and his head taken off, and most of his men lost. Whom having
despatched they were commanded by the Lord of lnchiquin and the
Colonel to march deliberately towards the body of the army, who there-
upon began to move as fast from them, and yet divided themselves into
two battalions as if they had an intention to enclose and circumvent the
English. Who, notwithstanding, went on and fell on the rear of the
enemy, who still marched away by so much the faster by how much the
English pursued them, who still wondered at them, having cause to
suspect some stupendous stratagem intended towards them. And yet
they still followed them, and killed the rebels apace for two miles
together. And in conclusion, the puissant General, the milksop Lord of
Muskerry, the cowardly council, the cracking captains and the cast-down
commanders marched away (I must not say fled) so fast, many being
well horsed, that the common soldiers throwing away their pikes ran
away as fast as their swift legs (their most favourable members) could
carry them, and left behind them their carriage and other pillage, and
the English in the open fields to wonder at and praise God for this un-
Captain expected and incredible victory ; with all which, and with
Suggane's Captain Suggane's head, they triumphantly returned to
head- Cork ; and the Irish presently, and with facility, disbanded,
every man (with shame) going to his own home.
If you have now any occasion to use or advise with this invincible
Lord General, you cannot fail to find him in a pad of straw ; if you will
speak with the Lord of Muskerry, he is hardly to be found ; wheresoever
it be, you shall find him sick in fever, occasioned through anguish of
fear and heat of flying. There I leave them, and conclude this particular
(15) MacFineen was a clan of note in county Kerry. I wish I could identify further
the family of this brave soldier.
RISE AND PROGRESS OF THE REBELLION IN MUNSTER. 79
by informing you that in all these combustions there was not one man
lost, killed, or shot of the English ; but of the Irish there could not be
less, by a gross computation, than two or three hundred ; and many
more must have fallen, but that they would not stay for it.
{End of the Manuscript.)
Jsfotes on the Council JJook, of Clonakjlty,
Noiv in the possession of the Rev. J. Hume Townsend, D. D.
Collected by DOROTHEA TOWNSHEND.
LETTER directed to William Snowe, esqre> by Francis
Bernard, esqr> recorder of Cloughnakilty, dated 25 8ber
17 14, and is as follows : —
" I have perused the charter of Cloughnakilty, and do find that
the burgesses have thereby a power to assemble themselves on
St. James' day, and to nominate three of their burgesses to stand
in election for suffrain, and present them to the lord of the towne,
who is by the sd. charter empowered to elect, nominate, and choose
one of the three for suffrain, and the p'son. so chosen is to be sworn on St. Luke's day;
and upon p'rusal of the sd. charter I am of opinion — 1st, that the nomination only, and
not the election of a suffrain, is in the burgess's hand, and that the rt. of election is wholy
reserv'd to the lord of the towne ; 2nd'y» that the election, or pretended election, made
by the burgesses without nominating sd. three p'sons. to the lord of the town was
illegal and void, being contrary to the powers given by the charter, and tends to deprive
the lord of the towne of the right of election lodged in him by the express'd words of
charter ; 3rd, as the present case is, I conceive the corporation cannot do justice to
themselves, as well as to Mr. Boyle, the Id. of the towne, unless they call a new
assembly and proceed to the nomination of the p'sons. whose names ought to be
presented to Mr. Boyle, in order to his electing and appointing which of the three shall
serve for the ensuing, tho' it could be more conformable to the charter if they had done
k before. Francis Bernard,
25 8ber, 1715.
Copia vera atested by Saml Birde, dept. record.
The records of this irregular election must have been destroyed, as
there are no entries in the book from October, 17 13, to October, 17 14.
At a court held for sd. burrough on Monday, the 25th day of July,
ClougTIakilty. 171 5' Mr* Arnold Gookin, Mr. Michael Beecher, and Capt. Henry
Freke, being free burgesses of the said burrough, were chosen and
elected to be presented to the Rt. Honoble Henry Boyle, Lord Carleton, to the end
8o
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII/ICOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
that one oi them may be nominated and appointed by his Idh to besuffrain for the next
ensuing year, according to his Majesty's most gracious grant in that behalf.
Joseph Jervois, Suflftni Arte Bernard,
Ralph Freke, Arnold Gookin,
Robert Travers, Richd Sweet,
John Honner, IIa. Freke.
At the same court John Kerin was sworn freeman before Joseph Jervois, esqr>
suffrain.
, , Pursuant to a precept directed to the suffrain. burgesses, and
Burrougn de -~ u , , , ' , . ... , ' _ .
Clou<r/uiakiliy comona":y' returnable on batturday, the twelith day oi November next,
grounded on his Majesty's writt of sumonds, to choose two burgesses
of the most discreet and most sufficient men of the sd. towne, to be and appr at the
next Parliament to be held at Dublin on the 12th day of o>er next, wee, the said
suffrain, burgesses, and comonalty have freely unanimously elected and chosen
Sr Ralph Freke & Brigadeer Geo. Freke, to serve in the sd. Parliamt, this 17 day of
8'jer, 1 7 1 5.
Joseph Jervois, Suffrn., Hary. Freke,
Emanuel Moore, Randlf. Warner,
Robert Travers, John Bourne,
John Honner, Robert Gillman,
Arthur Bernard, Richard Cox,
Arnold Gookin, Richard Sweet.
27 j f At a court neld for sd. burrough on Monday, the 17th of 8ber, 171 5^
Chu^°hnakiU ^n ^ercy Freke, Mr. William Snowe, John Young, junr, John Towne-
* v ' send, Richard Townesend, Henry Rice, Robt. Spiller, and Ralph Fuller
were sworne freemen of this corporation before Joseph Jervois, esqr> suffrain.
Signed by order, Saml Birde.
At the same court Henry Austin and Samuel Austin, Mr. Walter Travers, and Mr.
Tobias Harington, were sworn freemen of sd. corporation.
Mr. Percy Freke, probably son of Sir Ralph, of Castlefreke ; born
1699, died 1728. See Journal C. A. & H. Society, " Cork M.P.'s," p. 379.
John Townesend was probably of Skirtagh ; born May 26, 1691 ;
died 1756 ; third son of Bryan Townesend, of Castletownshend. He
married Catherine, daughter of Colonel Barry, of Lisnagar, his first
cousin, and left four sons and four daughters. Richard Townesend was
probably of Castletownshend, the eldest son of Bryan, and grandson of
Colonel Richard Townesend, the founder of the family in Ireland. He
was born 1684, and died 1742. He married twice, first his first cousin,
Mary Synge, by whom he had a son, who died young, and a daughter ;
and second Elizabeth, daughter of Henry Becher, of Aughadown, by
whom he had Richard, his heir John, of Shepperton, and three daughters.
B r ou h of At a court °^ recorc* f°r so- burrough on St. Luke's day, being
CI l hit ^e °^ ^ber' l7I5> ^e same being the day for swearing in a new
' suffrain, Mr. Snowe, being agent to my Ld. Carleton, attended the
NOTES ON THE COUNCIL BOOK OF CLONAKILTY.
8l
court, and produced a letter from the Ld. Carleton, in which he appointed Michael
Beecher, esqr> to be suffrain for the ensuing year, and Mr. Beecher, being indispos'd by
the gout that he cou'd not appear to be sworne, the court is pleased to adjourn to the
5th day of 9ber next, in which time it is hop'd Mr. Beecher will be able to appear, or
sooner, to take office upon him.
Joseph Jervois, Suffrn> John Honner,
Ralph Freke, Arnold Gookin,
Rob. Travers, Rob. Gillman.
Har. Freke,
At the same court Mr. Hugh Hutchins was sworn freemen of the sd. corporation.
At a court held for sd. burrough on Satturday, the 12 9^ 171 5,
Burrough de uant to a rule of court made the l8th day of 8ber jnst., Michael
Beecher, esqr> pursuant to the nomination and appointment of the
Rt. HonoWe Henry Ld. Carleton, lord of the said towne, was sworn suffrain of the said
burrough, and had the ensigns of authority delivered unto him by the late suffrain and
undernamed burgesses.
Joseph Jervois, Arnold Gookin,
Ran. Warner, Richd. Sweet.
Robt. Gillman,
At the same court John Mead and Nicholas Bennett were sworn serjts, Fardinando
Spiller constable, and Daniel Bantry petty constable.
The generall sessions of the peace held for the said burrough the
Burrough of l6th day of May> I7l^ before Michael Beecher, esqr, suffrain, and the
undernamed burgesses, Mr. Snowe, agent to the Rt. Honble Ld. Carleton,
came this day and produced to the court an attested copy of the charter of their corpora-
tion, whereby it appears that the Ld. Carleton, lord of the towne, has the sole power
to appoint the deputy recorder, which the court submitted to ; and Mr. Snowe also
produced a letter dated from his lordship, wherein he appointed Mr. Richard Hunger-
ford, junr, deputy recorder, in the room of Mr. Samuel Birde, deceased, and directed
Mr. William Snowe to sware him, which was done accordingly by administering the
usual oaths to him.
Michael Beecher, Suffm> Rich. Cox,
Emanuel Moore, Robert Gillman.
Randel Warner,
At the same court Richd. Roberts and William Levison were sworn freemen of
sd. corporation before the above suffrain and burgesses.
Jurors' Names. — Edward Warner, Robert Morly, Henry Austin, Henry Hayes,
William Mans, John Clarke, Jo. Bateman, John Bateman, John Teap, John Bennett,
James Spiller, Saml Gilbertson, Florence Donovan, John Arandell, Robert Spiller.
We find and present that the streets of Cloughnakilty are much out of order for
want of paving. We, therefore, order that each and every inhabitant of sd. town shall,
before the first day of August next, sufficiently pitch or pave as far as their respective
habitations facing the street of sd. town the breadth of ten feet, and the same so paved
or pitch'd shall preserve and keep clean from filth and dung, under the penalty of five
shillings for each offence, to be levy'd by way of distress if need be, and be dispos'd
of as the suffrain shall think fitt.
We confirm all former presentments.
Edward Warner, cum sociis.
6
82
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
At a court held for said burrough on Wednesday, the 25th day of
Cl^T k%v •,uly' I7'6, Ml"' Arnold Gookin' Mr- Richard Sweet, and Capt. Harry
* Freke, being free burgesses of the said corporation, were chosen and
elected to be presented to the Rt. Horible Henry Lord Carleton, to the end that one
of them may be nominated and appointed by his ldshp. to be suffrain for the next
ensuing year, according to his Majesty's most gracious grant in that behalf.
Michael Beecher, Suffrain, Arnold Gookin,
Ralph Freke, Riciid. Sweet,
Geo. Freke, Ran. Warner,
Har. Freke, Robert Gillman.
Joseph Jervois,
At the same court Mr. Richard Tonson and Mr. John Phare were sworn freemen of
this corporation, as was also Mr. James Hawkes.
Michael Beecher, Suff., Ralph Freke.
Randel Warner.
Richard Tonson, son of Henry Tonson of Newcourt, Skibbereen,
and Spanish Island, and Elizabeth, daughter of Sir R. Hull. He was
forty-six years member for Baltimore. He married first Elizabeth
Tynte, and second Peniel, widow of Michael Becher, of Aughadown.
He died 1773, leaving his estates to William Hull, who took the name
of Tonson, and was created Baron Riversdale of Rathcormac, 1783.
At the court held for the said burrough the 24th of August, 17 16,
urroug ^ oj ^obert gandfbn^ Lionel Beecher, and John Kift were sworn freemen
' of this corporation before Michael Beecher, esqri suffrain, and the
undernamed burgesses.
Mich. Beecher, Sufm> Joseph Jervois,
William Hull, Ran. Warner.
Lionel Becher, probably " Lyonel," younger son of Colonel Thomas
Becher, and brother of Michael. Smith mentions that Captain Lionel
Becher had a good house within the fort on Sherkin Island.
At a court held for said burrough on St. Luke's day, being the 18th
Clo^hnakiUy of 8ber' 17 16' Mr' Arthur Gookin, one of the free burgesses of this
' corporation, pursuant to the nomination and appointment of the
Rt. Honble Henry Lord Carleton, lord of said burrough, was sworn suffrain of said
burrough for the coming year, and had the ensigns of authority delivered to him by the
late suffrain and undernamed burgesses.
Robert Gillman, William Hull.
Richard Sweet.
At the same court John Mead and Nicholas Bennett were sworn serj. for the
ensuing year.
B h de At a court held for the said burrough the 7th cjber, 1716, John
CI Ji h'lf T°wnesend| esqr' was sworn burgess of this corporation before the
' suffrain and undernamed burgesses.
Arnold Gookin, Suffr,, John Honner,
William Hull, Richd. Sweet.
NOTES ON THE COUNCIL BOOK OF CLONAKILTY.
83
Probably this was John Townesend, of Skirtagh, third son of Bryan.
Born 1691, died 1756. Married Katherine, daughter of Colonel Barry of
Lisnagar, and Susanna Townesend. He may, however, be John, son of
John FitzCornelius, and grandson of Cornelius, eighth son of Colonel
Richard Townesend. He was born 1698, and died unmarried.
^ j At a court held for the said burrough on Tuesday, the 28th of
ri h b'ff May, Sir Percy Freke, bart., was sworn burgess of this corporation
' before Arnold Gookin, esqr» suffrain and the undernamed burgesses.
At the same court Richard Browne, George Hull, and Thomas Gookin were sworn
freemen.
Arnold Gookin, Suffr., Robt. Travers,
George Freke, Bobert Gillman,
Ar. Bernard, John Honner,
Emanuel Moore, William Hull,
Richd. Sweet, John Burne.
Sir Percy Freke, probably son of Sir Ralph Freke. Admitted free-
man in 171 5, and now made burgess on succeeding his father in the
baronetcy. It is difficult to get a full pedigree of the Freke family. That
given in the Betham MSS. (add. MSS. British Museum) does not
mention George Freke. It begins with Francis Freke of Somerset,
whose son, Robert, was auditor of the Treasury under Henry VIII.,
and died leaving upwards of ;£ 100,000. He had two sons, Sir Thomas
of Dorset, and William of Sareen, Hants, who went to Ireland. He
married a daughter of Arthur Swaine, esq., and had a son Arthur, who
lived near Cork, and married Dorothy, daughter of Sir Piercy Smith of
Youghal. Their son Piercy married his kinswoman Elizabeth, daughter
of Rauf Freke, and purchased estates in Norfolk. Their son Rauf of
West Bilney, Norfolk, was created a baronet. He had three sons, Sir
Piercy, second baronet, M.P. for Baltimore, died 1728; Ralph died 1727 ;
and John Redmond, third baronet, M.P. for Baltimore and Cork, with
whom the title ended. His sister Grace married 1744 John Evans,
fourth son of the first Lord Carbery, and her son took the name and
arms of Freke as heir to his uncle.
Burron h de ^ a court ^or sa^ burrough on Thursday, the 25th of July,
Cloughnakilty J°^n Bourne, esq1-, Mr. Richard Sweet, and John Townesend, esq1-.
being free burgesses of the said burrough, were chosen and elected
to be presented to the Rt. Honble Henry Lord Carleton, to the end that one of them
may be nominated and appointed by his lordship to be suffrain for the ensuing year,
according to his Majesty's most gracious grant in that behalf.
Arnold Gookin, Suffrn., Robert Gillman,
Emanuel Moore, Arth. Bernard.
84
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
At a court there held, and pursuant to a warrant to the suffrain,
Burrougk of t|jrcctci| an(j grounded on his Majesty's writ of summons for electing
a burgess out of the most discreet men of this burrough to app* m
this present parliament now sitting in Dublin, in the room of Sir Ralph Freke,
deceased, we, the suffrain, burgesses, and freemen have elected aud chosen Richard
Cox, es(jr. to be our representative in this present parliament in the room of the sd.
Sr. Ralph Freke. Dated this 31 d day of October, 17 17.
Arnold Gookin, Suffer, Rort. Gillman,
Robt. Travers. Ran. Warner,
B. Townsend, John Honker,
John Bourne, Joseph Jervois,
Ar. Bernard, Wm. Hull.
RicHd. Sweet,
These signatures are autograph. Arthur Bernard's is quaint, for he
has inserted the date in the flourishes of the initial capitals of his name.
Bryan Townesend was now an old man, and probably made the effort as
his sons were to be admitted freemen.
At the same court Capt. Morgan Donovan, Mr. Samuel Townesend, and Mr.
Phillip Townesend were sworn freemen. Arnold Gookin, Suffn.
At the same court Mr. Edward French, Mr. Joseph Clifford, and Mr. Bryan Wade
were sworn freemen. Arnold Gookin, Suffn.
The O'Donovan's territory was the cantred of Hy Donovan, between
Bantry and Ross. They settled there when driven from Limerick in
1 172. Morgan O'Donovan, of Ballincallagh, b.a. Oxon., born 1687,
married 1733 Mary, daughter of T. Ronayne, and had Morgan, who
married Mary, daughter of T. Becher, of Creagh.
Mr. Samuel Townesend of Whitehall, on Roaring Water Bay, fifth
son of Bryan Townesend of Castletownsend. He travelled in Italy, and
on his return built a staircase in the Italian style in his house at White-
hall. A miniature painted in Italy shows he must have been a singularly
handsome man, with large blue eyes, and short, proud upper lip. He
seems to have been a man of high principles and cultivated tastes. He
was born in 1689 or 1692, high sheriff 1742, died 1759, married Dorothea,
daughter of Sir E. Mansell.
Mr. Philip Townesend of Derry, Rosscarbery, eighth son of Bryan
Townesend. He was a captain in General O'Farrell's regiment, the
22nd, during the wars with France in America. He married Elizabeth,
daughter of Thomas Hungerford, of the Island. His letters from
America to his family are printed in An Officer of the Long Parliament,
pp. 242-53.
( To be confirmed.)
RICHARD BARTER, SCULPTOR.
35
Necrology.
RICHARD BARTER, Sculptor.
RT in Cork has suffered a severe loss and many attached friends a deep
grief by the death of Mr. Richard Barter, which occurred on the 5th of
January last. For more than a week he had suffered from a complica-
tion of heart disease, bronchitis, and brain affection. When his illness
developed a threatening character he was, with some difficulty, persuaded
to quit the studio, which was home to him as well as the scene of his labours, and to
occupy a chamber in the great establishment ot St. Anne's Hill, where he was watched
over with loving care, and medical skill of a high class was at his service. Dr. Altdorfer,
Richard Barter, Sculptor.
of St. Anne's, in close and frequent consultation with Dr. Harding, of Ballincollig, was
assiduous in attendance, while Mr. Richard Barter, j.p., gave every moment he could
snatch from the cares of his heavy undertakings to watch over the invalid. All the
large household were ready to volunteer their services if needed, and guests followed
with sympathy the stages of a malady which, unhappily, from the first showed a fatal
tendency. In accordance with the faith and piety of his life, Mr. Barter's preparation
was courageously made for death. In his last days some old friends who visited his
bed of sickness were received with the customary warmth, which even the severity of
his complaint could not diminish. To the end he was what he had been in life, one
86
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
who combined with brilliant gifts a childlike simplicity and beauty of nature that won
for him affection for his character as much as admiration for his abilities.
Richard Barter was born in Macroom, and early showed a talent for art. About
the age of twenty he went to Dublin to study, and there made many important
acquaintances, amongst them no less a personage than Daniel O'Connell, who took a
great interest in his progress, and was delighted with the vivacity and quaint humour
of his conversation. Later on he went to London, where he was well received amongst
the artistic fraternity. There he met Foley, by whom he was met with the frank
comradeship which a great artist can extend to an aspiring junior, and which after-
wards, if of no other avail, is cherished as a precious memory. He was also able to
count amongst his friends, Mr. Brock, the distinguished sculptor, who, upon Foley's
death, undertook the completion of his commissions, and executed them, as was
acknowledged, in a style, worthy of the designer. Mr. Barter was very proud of his
intimacy with Mr. Brock, whose kindness and sympathy he always heartily acknow-
ledged.
About the year 1853, the late Dr. Barter, the well-known pioneer of hydropathy in
Ireland, and the actual founder of the Turkish bath as an institution of these countries,
invited his namesake to St. Anne's Hill. To this the sculptor was attracted by many
circumstances. First, his admiration of the doctor, and his well-remembered and
much honoured wife. The beauty of the place and its surroundings appealed to the
poetic side of his nature, and then he was soon wrapped up in all sorts of projects
and designs in connection with the bath and its dependencies. Finally, he built on
the grounds a studio for himself, which constituted a sort of pied de terre, and, as it
were, anchored him at St. Anne's. The question whether a man under other circum-
stances would have achieved greater success is always a problematical one, but we
entertain very strongly the opinion, that if Barter had remained in London to seek his
fortune, it would ultimately have come to him. He had just the kind of talent which
is most marketable. As a rule his aims were not of the loftiest character. He was
generally content with an art which in painting is classed as genre work, though he
occasionally did soar higher, and not without decided success. His productions were
beautiful ; sometimes, or they were pretty, or gay or piquant. He had wonderful
ingenuity, his treatment was always original and interesting, and his knowledge of
anatomy was profound. Then he possessed a skill in portraiture which was surpassing.
His perception of character, and his gift of expressing it in the lineaments of a subject,
are not often equalled. In an especial degree he excelled in the faculty of producing
posthumous portraits, and in these he has succeeded wonderfully even where he had
never seen the originals. In proof of this we need only cite the bust of the late
Mr. Charles Stewart Parnell, which he executed with only the aid of a photograph.
No one need be surprised when we say that he had never seen the famous politician
if the seclusion of his life, especially in the later years, is considered. As a matter
of fact, he never did see him ; yet Mr. Parnell's friends and admirers who have observed
the bust closely admit that as a likeness it has not been excelled. The same may be
said of his still more recent bust of Cardinal Newman, whom likewise he had not
seen.
With faculties of this sort, reinforced by a geniality of disposition which was
calculated to disarm jealousies or enmities, one might say with some confidence that
success would have been fairly certain for him had he resolved to pursue his career in
London. But he loved his studio at St. Anne's, and the pleasant intercourse with the
family and the guests in the establishment. It was gradually filled with artistic nick-
nacks until it became a bijou residence in itself replete with interest by its appearance
RICHARD BARTER, SCULPTOR.
87
and contents, and especially attractive by the friendliness and bubbling humour of its
host. Nor were his days here idle. On the contrary, he never failed in commissions
which kept his time fully occupied and his hands and brain engaged in the favourite
pursuit. His atelier is stored with models that attest his industry as well as the
variety and constructiveness of his fancy. There are innumerable portrait busts.
Prominent amongst the imaginative work is a noble terminal figure intended to
sustain an electric light in a great hall. His group of " Friends " is a singularly
effective combination of animated boyhood with the humorous aspect of animals.
The works in the studio are religious, poetical, romantic — they touch the domain of
art at most of its gates. The Galway peasant and girl constitute a charming idyl.
The Christ face, in opposition to the face of the Warrior — visitors to the Cork Exhi-
bition of 1883 may remember the remarkable head — suggests the possession of a
power which he did not always care to put forth.
In attempting to present a sketch of Barter, it would be a fault to omit allusion to
the versatility which seemed to enable him to do anything with his hands. He would
mend a watch, make an artificial tooth, design a frame or a bracket with equal facility.
With a perfect ear for music he was never content with the ordinary facilities, and
amongst his designs is an instrument which combines the characteristics of a piano
and a violin. The flageolet was a favourite with him. He used it most effectively as
an accompaniment for the voice. Another more special employment it had which
ought to be mentioned. Of late years he acquired the habit of walking up the farm
of St. Anne's Hill for the sake of exercise, and as his strength grew less, he had seats
placed at intervals where he might rest. In these pauses it was his habit to take the
flageolet out of his pocket and amuse himself by playing on it. And here occurred a
strange thing. A tremendous bull, the monarch of the farm, gradually ceased the
tremendous bellow identified with him, then approached the wall of separation from
the road, and finally, as the music became habitual, used to stroll over to listen to it
with a pleased if not critical air. This achievement gave great delight to poor Barter,
and he used to tell it with much glee. Being told by him its accuracy need not be
doubted ; but, to prevent cavil, it may be stated the story is confirmed by Mr. Barter,
the owner of the herd.
Amongst the creations of his skilful hands, and visited often by his loving friends,
Barter passed a tranquil existence not devoid of enjoyment, and never rendered dull
by idleness. He paid with great regularity a visit to London, so as to keep himself
in touch with the progress of art, to arrange for the production in marble or bronze,
as the case might be, of his own works, to renew acquaintance with his friends of the
chisel, and to receive the hospitalities of many kind and generous patrons. Thus
went by his days, with less of fame, perhaps, than he might have attained had he
been more daringly ambitious, but comparatively free from the fretting cares which so
often beset the lives of those who enter on a struggle in the great arena of the art
market.
His example may not be without benefit in some important respects. The profes-
sion of art has sometimes been degraded by the career of individuals who followed
it ; Barter's life might be said to reflect lustre on it. It was not merely that his works
were always pure — his thoughts revolted from anything like sensuality or impurity.
His habits were abstemious almost to asceticism ; his conversation was clean and
wholesome, as well as instructive. Anything in art which lent itself to immorality
awakened in him as much anger as his gentle nature was capable of. In his death
Cork has to record the disappearance of one of those who have most effectually
upheld its reputation in the domain of art, but we hope the example of devotion to
88
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCI I/KOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
its service which ho gave may not be without efficacy in moulding to some extent
the character and affecting the aspirations of those who arc on the threshold of an
artistic career.
On the Monday following his death the committee of the Crawford Municipal
School of Art passed the following resolution :-— " Resolved, that the Committee of the
Cork School of Art have learned with regret the death of Mr. Richard Barter, who for
so many years by his admirable sculpture sustained the highest traditions of art in
Cork."
Since then a small committee has been formed with the intention of erecting a
modest memorial over his grave in the New Cemetery. Contributions are limited to
sums of one pound and under, and the Editor of this Journal will be happy to forward
to it any donation which may be entrusted to his care,
Thomas Crosbie.
jNotes and Queries.
LOCAL HISTORY, ANTIQUITIES, FOLK-LORE, Etc.
Contributed by J. F. Lynch : Some Stray Notes.
Letters from General Washington to Reuben Harvey, Esq , of Cork.
/. Buckley : Motion of the Earth near Charleville, 1697.
C. O'K. Smith: Purceli..
Some Stray Notes. — The curious legend of the impatient serpent has obtained
a wide circulation. I heard it years ago in Cork, and an old native of Caherconlish
told it to me lately. The legend may have originated from an old prophecy which
O'Curry (Lect. on MS. Materials, 426) translates from Leabhar Mor Duna Doighre.
"Loch Bel Sead, or the 'lake of the jewel mouth,' was called also Loch Bel Dragain,
or the ' dragon mouth lake'; because Ternog's nurse caught a fiery dragon in the shape
of a salmon, and St. Fursa induced her to throw it into Loch Bel Sead. And it is that
dragon will come in the festival of St. John, near the end of the world, in the reign of
Flann Cinaidh. And it is of it and out of it shall grow the Fiery Bolt which will kill
three-fourths of the people of the world." Loch Bel Sead is now called Lough Muskry,
from the old territory of Muscraidhe Ui Chuirc, in which it is situated. This lake
originated, according to the legend, from the playing of a harper named Cliach. He
stood so -long on one spot, that the ground burst under his feet. The old name of the
Galtee mountains is Crotta Cliach, or the "harps of Cliach." The fiery dragon will
begin his course at Dun Cearmna, or Old Head of Kinsale, and will flash as far as
Sruibh Brain, or Lough Foyle. The reign of Flann Cinaidh (voracious) will be a
momentous one for Cork, for during it also will come the broom out of Fanait, in
Donegal, which will bring direful woe to the people of Cork.
In the Smith MSS., Royal Irish Academy, there is a copy of a letter written
from Limerick, the 13th August, 1640, by John Holme, "gentleman to the Lord Bishopp
of Lymerick." In this letter is contained a very curious reference to the enchantment
of the Earl of Desmond at Lough Gur. "Moreover, a countrey ffellow going off to
Knockiney (Knockaney) ffaire to sell his horse, a gentleman standing in the waye
demanding whether he would sell his horse, he answered yea, for £$ : the gentleman
would give him but £4. 10s. od., sayinge he would not get so much at the ffaire. The
fellow went to the ffaire, could not get so much money, and found the gentleman on
NOTES AND QUERIES.
89
his return in the same place who proffered the same money ; the fellow accepted of it,
and the other bid him come in and receive his money. He carried him into a fine spacious
castle, payed him his money every penny, and showed him the fairiest black horse the
fellow had ever seene, and told him that that horse was the Earl of Desmond, and that
he had three shoes alreadye, when he had the fourthe shoe, which should be very
shortlie, then should the earl be as he was before, thus guarded with many armed men
conveying him out of the gates. The fellow came home, but never was there any
castle in that place either before or since." I have heard two variants of this old story.
In one the earl's horse is supposed to cast a shoe; in the other the earl and his
attendants are said to be asleep when the fellow is admitted into the castle. This
variant reminded me of the story of the Sleeping Beauty of the Wood, though 1 would
not say that it has been borrowed from it.
The people have a tradition that in one of the dolmens near the lake there is
buried a golden sword with the giant. Very curiously, Dun Fir Aen Cholca, of which
I made mention in the Journal Tor last month, means "the fort of the man of the one
sword." Cole is a short sword or dirk. I think the substantive is not now much used in
the spoken language, but the adjective derived from it is used in a variety of ways ; for
instance, to denote a boiling, roaring, troubled sea, or a very peevish, easily-angered,
touchy person.
The constant tradition of a castle at the bottom of Lough Gur probably took its
rise, as many other like tales, from a tradition of the crannog dwellings. The old native
term for crannog is now lost, but Mr. O'Beirne Crowe suggests that it might be " sceng,"
which he connects with the Sanscrit "skand" and Latin "scandere." O'Donovan, in Book
of Rights, usually takes sceng to mean part of the trappings of a horse, but there is one
passage where this meaning is not applicable, T>e)C fC]r)5) ^Ojt fCjbfeA'E noi)T>4X,
" ten scings against which the waves move." J. F. Lynch.
Letters from General "Washington, to Reuben Harvey, Esq., of Cork,
Conveying the thanks of the Congress of the United States of America, in 1783, etc. —
Head Quarters, Newburgk,
2yd June, 1783.
Sir,— I was yesterday favoured with your letter of the 12th February, and this day
I transmitted the papers which accompanied it to the President of Congress, with a
letter of which the enclosed is copy.
Your early attachment to the cause of this country, and your exertions in relieving
the distresses of such of our fellow-citizens as were so unfortunate as to be prisoners
in Ireland, claim the regard of every American, and will always entitle you to my par-
ticular esteem.
I shall always be happy in rendering you every service in my power.
Being with great truth, sir,
Your very obedient servant,
G. Washington.
Mr. Reuben Harvey.
Head Quarters, Newburgh,
2yd June, 1783.
Sir, — I do myself the honour to transmit your Excellency copy of a letter I have
received from Mr. Reuben Harvey, of Cork, in Ireland, and sundry papers which
accompanied it. The early part this gentleman appears to have taken in the cause of
this country, and his exertions in relieving the distresses of such of our fellow-citizens
whom the chance of war threw into the hands of the enemy, entitle him to the esteem
90
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII/EOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
of every American, and will, doubtless, have due weight in recommending him to the
notice of Congress.
I have the honor to be,
Etc., etc., etc.,
G. Washington.
His Excellency the President of Congress.
JBe tbe Tflntteo States fit Congress Bssembleo.
July iZth, 1783.
On the report of a Committee, to whom was referred a letter of the 23rd June, from
the Commander-in-Chief, enclosing the copy of a letter from Mr. Reuben Harvey,
merchant in Cork, in the kingdom of Ireland, and other papers.
Resolved — "That his Excellency, the Commander-in-Chief, be requested to transmit
the thanks of Congress to, Mr, Reuben Harvey, merchant in Cork, in the kingdom of
Ireland, and express the just sense Congress entertain of the services he has rendered
during the late war to American prisoners."
Cha. Thomson, Secretary.
Head Quarters, State of New York,
August 10th, 1783.
Sir, — I am honoured with the care of transmitting to you the enclosed resolution of
Congress, expressing the sense which that august body entertain of your goodness to
the American prisoners.
Impressed as I am with sentiments of gratitude to you for this expression of your
benevolence, I feel a very particular gratification in conveying to you the thanks of the
Sovereign Power of the United States of America, on an occasion, which, while it does
honour to humanity, stamps a mark of particular distinction on you.
Wishing you the enjoyment of health, with every attendant blessing, I beg you to
be persuaded that
I am, with very particular respect and regard, sir,
Your most obedient servant,
G. Washington.
Mr. Reuben Harvey.
Mount Vernon,
August 50th, 1784.
Sir, — Captain Stickney has presented me with your favour of the 25th May, together
with the mess beef and ox tongues, for which you will please to accept my best thanks.
I do not grow tobacco on my estate, nor am I possessed of a pound at this time,
otherwise I would with pleasure consign a few hhds. to your address, under full per-
suasion that no person would do me greater justice in the sale of them. Wheat and
flour of the last year's produce is either exported or consumed — that of the present
year is not yet got to market ; what prices they will bear is not for me to say. But
tho' I do not move in the mercantile line, except in wheat (which I manufacture into
flour), I should, nevertheless, thank you for any information respecting the prices of
these articles.
With very great esteem and regard, I am Sir,
Your most obedient humble servant,
G. Washington.
Reuben Harvey, Esq.
General Washington subsequently presented Reuben Harvey with a gold ring, in
which was set a minature portrait of himself.
NOTES AND QUERIES.
91
Motion of the earth near Charleville, 1697.— The following account of
this phenomenal occurrence is taken from a collection of leaflets in the British Museum,
press marked 719, m. 17 (19), and endorsed "Apparitions and Wonders." —
" Strange and wonderful news from Ireland, giving a Dreadful RELATION of
a Prodigious Motion of the Earth
Near Charleville in the county of Limerick, in Ireland, on the 7th day of June, 1697,
carrying with it abundance of Acres of La?id, and a Bog of three Miles in length, laying
pafture land on that which was Meadow, finking Hills and railing Valleys ; and by what
means it began and ceafed its motion : with many other amazing things that happened
on this marvelous occafion. Licenfed according to Order.
Strange and amazing are God's Wonders in the Air, the Earth and the Deep,
whereby his Power and Might is manifefted to Mankind, and Warnings given to repent
of their sins, and avoid impending Judgments ; for great and terrible is his wrath, and,
if his indignation be kindled, the Earth trembleth, the Mountains melt, and the Rocks
are rent before his Fury. Nor are our Times free from Warnings and Timely Notice
by wo?iderful Prodigies and Portents, That the righteous Judge of all the Earth is
offended with us for our Sins ; and, amongft others, what we are about to relate, may
appear of more than ordinary Concernment, as being a thing ftupendious, or, as we may
term it, Supernatural, or contrary to the courfe and workings of Nature.
On the 7th Day of June, 1697, near Charleville, in the County of Limerick, in
Ireland, a great Rtimbling, or faint Noife, was heard in the Earth, much like the Sound
of Thunder near fpent, or Groans of Men ; for a little fpace the Air was fomewhat
troubled with little Whisking Winds, feeming to meet contrary ways : and, foon after
that, to the greater Terror and Affrightment of a great number of Spectators, a more
wonderful thing happened ; for in a Bog, about three Miles long, ftretching North and
South, the Earth began to move, viz., 16 Acres of Meadow and Pafture-land that lay
in the fide of the Bog, feparated by an extraordinary large Ditch, and 80 Acres of other
Land on the further fide adjoyning to it ; and a Riling, or little Hill in the middle of
the Bog hereupon funk flat.
This motion began about Seven of the Clock in the Evening, fluctuating in its
motion like Waves, the Pafture-land riling very high, fo that it over-run the ground
beneath it, and moved upon its furface, rowling on with great pufhing violence, till it
had covered the Meadow of about 9 Acres, and is held to remain upon it 16 Foot deep.
In the Motion of this Earth it drew after it the Body of the Bog, part of it lying
on the place where the pafture-land that moved out of its place had before flood ; and
fo for many Hours travelling on it, continued fo to do, till, as it were, weary with
journeying, it flood flill, leaving great Breaches behind it, and Spewings of Water that
caft up noifom Vapours : and fo it continues at prefent, to the great wonderment of
thofe that pafs by, or come many miles to be Eye-witneffes of fo ftrange a thing ;
wherein appears the wonderful Power of Almighty God, who can do whatfoever pleafes
him in Heaven and Earth, against whom no Power nor Strength is able to ftand, this
mighty Mafs of Earth being, in comparifon, as an Attorn before that Breath, at whofe
blaft the Foundations of the whole Earth are fhaken.
But, not to comment on this Matter, that in itfelf is fo dreadful and amazing, let
us ferioufly lay our Sins to Heart, and repent us of the evil of our doings, and take
warning by the wonderful things that happen ; for how know we, but we are they on
whom the Ends of the World are come, and fuch things may be the Fore-runners of
ftrange Events ? However, fignifie it what it will, in it self it looks to be ftrange and
amazing.
92
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCI I/KOLOG ICAL SOCIETY.
This is teftified by Mr. N. /farris, who was an cye-witnefs to it: And the original
Letter that came from Ireland may be seen at the Sieve in the Minorics, a Seed-fhop,
lor farther fatisfactiotl. — Loudon: Printed by J. Wilkins, Flcet-flreet, 1697."
J. Buckley.
Purcell. — Referring to this name, which appears in articles in recent numbers of
this Journal, Mr. C. O'K. Smith sends the following account of an incident in the career
of a distinguished member of the family : —
"A Gallant Defence.
" Among traits of bravery there is a story of Sir John Purcell's successful defence of
himself against nine murderous antagonists, which is of considerable interest.
Highfort, (0 the dwelling-house of John Purcell, esq., lies in a secluded place between
Charleville and Kanturk, in the county of Cork. In the year 181 1 he was a gentleman
past the middle life. He acted as agent for the Earl of Egmont, and for landed pro-
prietors and others, and was always most accurate in accounting for the rents. His
family consisted of himself, his daughter-in-law, and her little child, with two maids
and a serving man. His house was in a lonely spot in the country, but he had no fears
of anyone seeking to injure him ; he thought himself highly popular and perfectly safe.
In this he was doomed to be undeceived.
He had had a fatiguing day collecting rents on the nth March, 1811.(2) He took his
solitary supper of cold meat and bread in his bedroom, and he told the man-servant
not to sit up, as he need not remove the tray till the next morning.
Mr. Purcell's bedroom was on the ground floor, and communicated with the parlour
by means of a door. This door had, however, been nailed up, and some of the parlour
furniture, chairs and tables, placed against it, and the only access to the bedroom was
consequently by means of the passage. Having finished his supper, Mr. Purcell
undressed and retired to rest.
About one o'clock he was aroused by a noise as if some one approached the windows
of the adjoining parlour. He listened. The windows of the parlour were pushed in,
and several men climbed through. As well as he could judge as each man came down
with a fall on the carpet he reckoned that about fourteen had entered the house.
Mr. Purcell resolved to find out what they came for, and to defend his house. He
arose, but recollected with dismay that all his weapons were in his little office out of
reach, and the only implement available was the knife he had used at supper, and this
he found before any attempt was made to enter the bedroom. Very soon he heard the
table placed before the nailed door dragged away, and the long-disused door was pulled
open. The round full moon looked brightly in through the space from the open parlour
window, and as Mr. Purcell stood shrouded in darkness he saw a number of men, many
of them bearing firearms, and with blackened faces, crowding into the room. Purcell
stood, knife in hand, perfectly still, till one of the burglars entered the bedroom. The
blade of the knife was plunged into the intruder's body, and he reeled back swearing
he ' was killed.' The man who took his place received a like stab, and he fell back
crying out that he was done for. Then some one called out ' Fire !' and the loud report
of a short gun or blunderbuss was the reply, but the contents were only lodged in the
opposite wall, while as soon as the smoke cleared away, the intrepid Mr. Purcell struck
the marksman with his knife, and sent him wounded to his companions. A rush was
now made. He was resolved, however, not to flinch, and struck a fourth robber, but
(1) Highfort, Liscarroll.
(2) After dining with Richard Smith, land agent, Newmarket, rode nine miles home at night,
having left all his money in Mr. Smith's office safe.
NOTES AND QUERIES.
93
then received a blow on the head, and found himself grappled. In the struggle both
Mr. Purcell and his adversary fell. Finding that his knife did not act effectually, he
passed his finger along the blade and found to his dismay that it was bent near the
point. He tried hard to straighten the blade as he lay struggling with his opponent,
but soon the hold relaxed, and the man lay dead, and Mr. Purcell gladly seized the
sword which he had carried as a substitute for the now useless knife. The gang now
began to carry away their dead and wounded on chairs through the parlour window,
the darkness in the bedroom preventing them from discovering that they were only
opposed by one man.
When all were gone, Mr. Purcell aroused his man-servant, who lay in his bed and
never came to assist his master in that terrible conflict. The daughter-in-law and child
were placed in safety for the remainder of the night, but the conflict was not renewed.
The news of the attack and gallant defence spread far and wide, and men of all
ranks, creeds, and classes came to offer their expressions of abhorrence of the attack,
and of admiration of the courage and skill with which Mr. Purcell had acted. The
party had consisted of nine men, all armed. Two were killed in the affray, and three
severely wounded. Some of them fled, believing that a strong force defended the
house.
The Irish Government offered Mr. Purcell the honour of knighthood, which he
accepted. He was called in the country the 'Blood-red Knight,' or by some the 'Knight
of the Knife.' "(s)
(3) The leader of the robbers, " Murrish-a-Jacket," so nicknamed from wearing a soldier's
red coat, was afterwards convicted and hanged.
Original pocunrients.
5n&ej aestamentorum olim in IRegistro Cotcagia:.
No. Name. Year.
190 Bennett, Mary, of Maulehollig . . . . . . . . 1706
191 Burnett, Thomas, of Corke . . .. .. .. . . 1707
192 Bryan, Richard, of Shannaclone .. .. .. .. 1707
193 Butler, Sarah, of Kinsale . . . . . . . . . . 1708
194 Billon, Elizabeth, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1708
195 6 Brien, William, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1708
196 Baily, Ann, of Killany .. .. .. .. .. 1709
197 Bermingham, John . . . . . . . . . . 1709
198 Barter, Francis, of Temple Michael .. .. .. ,. 1709
199 Bedford, Martha, of Old Abby .. .. .. .. 1709
200 Barrett, James, of Garryadeen .. .. .. .. 1710
201 Barrett, Edmund, of Munniflugh . . . . . . . . 1710
202 Baily, Mary, of St. Finbarry's .. .. .. 171 1
203 Brome, Joshua, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1711
204 Bernard, David, of Corke . . . . . . . . 171 1
205 Barry, Ellinor, of Corke .. .. .. .. ..1712
206 Burgess, Thomas, of Labacally .. .. .. .. 1713
207 Bidder, Julius, mariner . . . . . . . . . . 1713
94 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIKTY.
No.
Namk.
Yl'.AK
2o8
Burnett, J times, of Corke
.. 1713
Riin*nw<*9 TfllYiPQ nf lCin<^;ilp
J^lll 1 U VV ^Oj J tlllJ^O) W I l\lUO(Uv . , , ,
• • 1713
2 I O
Rntwnnri William nf Mnvirlrlv
l^UOVVV/\Hlj VV 1 1 11,1111, \Jl 1*IUV 1WWV . , , ,
.. 1713
211
Rillincf T nli ri 11 1 1:1 nf IviiiQnlf
1 Mlllll_, 1 W 1 1 tl 1 1 1 1 Cl, I\1II.>,1M ( # | j
.. i7I3
212
Bryan, Andrew, of Ross . . , .
1714
r?\1
J
Rrvan lVfrirv nf 1VT icnpllc
J^l VULlj 1 u d 1 J' j \J 1 111 || av ||
1714
214
7^ail\r 1 linrlpc; nf I nrkp
1 >iiii>1 > lull iv_of ui t -vn i\v^ 9 t t a ( t
1714
9 t C
Rnvfpr CrPnro'P* nf Cnrkp
1 . •• 1716
2l6
Barrett, John, of Corke
• . . . 1 / 1 U
217
Boughilly, John, of Corkc . . . ,
1 / I /
2l8
Rark-pr Danipl nf Ranrlnn
1 J HI 1\ V_ 1 j 1/CIL11^1, 1 JLJCI.lll_l.Ull ai 11 | ,
I I II 1/10
2 19
Rnrnam T?ipVm'rrl nf Cnrkt^
JL-/ 111 LlAllii JL\lV.HCllUf Ul V^UllVU 11 11 11
I I II I / 1 0
220
Rrirlcrpc: TT'rIwarrI nf TCinQalA
JJlHIJJLof -I— f LI V V CI I LI, L7 1 1\. 1 LI OCl 1 L. « a t a
1710
221
Bridges, William, of Corke
1718
222
Rrwanf T-Tnmv.lTrp\7 nf f~*nrlVA
XJiyctiiL, x a lxiiixjxii c_y, ui v>ui ivc , » , ,
• 1 . . l/lo
99"J
Rnwprman Hpnrv nf f^nnlinp
\-> \J VV V^l 111 & 11 , llV^lll V , U 1 V-/ •! ||
.1 . . 1/10
224
Baily, Samuel, of Admstown
1718
225
Buchanan Robert of Corke
1718
RiiflpT* Antlinn\7 nf RallirlialntxriplV
XJllllCl, JrxLllUKJLiy i Ul JJclliy IlcllUVVILyiY « • , ,
I . II 1 / 1 0
227
XJdllCll, XiiLllliUllU., Ul X liUlIJCo • • « ■
ii . . l/lO
228
Blithman, Joane, of Kinsale
1718
229
Bryan, Robert of Cloghine
1720
Blake, George, of Kinsale
1 720
231
Rpcf T?JpViarr. nf TCincalp
DCol, XvlUXldX LI, Ul XYlllodlC s a • . • ,
1 I I I 1 721
2jZ
Rrnpp i narlpci nf I nrlrp
X->1 ULC, V_/ ilctl ICo, Ul V^UIXVC ai , , , ,
1 1 I I 1 72 1
Beecher, Elizabeth, of Aghadown
T 79 T
93 /I
Bryan, Thomas, of Kinsale
1722
'jot
z35
Rmrrv Tnhn nf Cnrkp
UCli y 1 1 U11U| KJ± V_/ LJ 1 | | ,|
1791
236
RaVpr Thnmas nf Cnrlrp
±J Cl IV L_ 1 j X 11L/111CCO, Ul IIU «• .I B i
T IO A
z3/
Rrnwnp Aldn T^rlwarrl nf Cnrlrp
1 Jl U VV X -V 1 Cl 11 . IjUVV ul Uj Ul Ul , B . .
T T? A
2jO
Rail\r TnVin nf Casstlpmnrp
yjo. 1 1^ , j uniij ui ucioiiv-iiiiui ^ ii ii ii
239
"Rprlfnrr] Tnlin nf C*r\Y\ze±
XJCLIIUIU., J UI111, UI V^UXXVC ii «i , i
1725
240
Bodwing, Robert, of Kinsale
T 79 C
241
JL>I UUiio, VV Illldlll, Ul AOdllLly , • , , , ,
1725
242
Bouhilly, Darby, of Blarney Lane . .
1 726
z43
Best, Mary, of Kinsale
1726
244
Rarr!! \A7illiam nf Ranrlnff
Uai i ex, vv miciiii, ui i-f ci iiu. nil ii ii ii
1 726
245
"RirH TnVin nf ^slrPrl p orVi
U 11 LI, J UXX1X, Ul OlVCl Id^ll .I , . I.
1727
246
"Ructpprl "RipViarrl nf TVTulinn
DUblCCUj Xvlvlldl U_, Ul IVXctXXUll ii ii
1727
9/1 7
^4/
Bichford, John, of Kinsale . , , ,
T797
Z40
CYRripn Tlinrlv nf ^rnrtr^nrrv
kj xjiicii, ± iiciu-jr, ui oLdi l ucii i y i«
T'79'7
249
"Rnnrllpr William nf PneVipll
DUUUlCl, VV XlllctXIX, Ul V^d&HCXl , , , ,
1727
250
Riirrnw<5 Ann nf Rii tlpr«:fnwn
UUllUWOj ^lllll, Ul UULl^lOlUVVll ii ii
1728
OCT
Bull, William, of Bandon
1728
252
Bryan, Dennis, of Corke
. . 1728
253
Barry, William, of Corke
.. 1728
254
Brandreth, Elizabeth, of Corke
. . 1728
255
Byrne, George, of Knockshanavay
. . 1728
256
Ballaire, Benjamin, of Corke
.. 1728
INDEX TESTAMENTORUM OLIM IN REGISTRO
CORCAGLE. 95
No. Name. Year.
257 Bussell, William, of Corke . . .. .. .. .. 1728
258 Beamish, Thomas, of Raharone . . . . . . . . 1729
259 Baker, Henry, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1729
260 Body, Alexander, of Corke . . .. .. .. .. 1729
261 Browne, James, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1729
262 Birchfield, John, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1729
263 Berry, Thomas, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1730
264 Bowler, Ferdinand, of Kinsale .. .. .. .. 1730
265 Bishop, Robert, of Kinsale . . . . . . . . . . 1730
266 Banfield, John, of Ardkahan .. .. .. .. 1730
267 Brothers, John . . . . . . . . . . . . 1731
268 Bonbonus, John, of Corke .. .. .. .. 1731
269 Blennerhassett, Benjn., of Corke (sic) ., .. .. 1731
270 Bently, Thomas, of Corke .. .. .. .. 1731
271 Boyle, Thomas, mariner .. .. .. , , .. 1731
272 Bennett, Richard, of St. Margt's., Westminster .. .. 1731
273 Brawly, Hugh, of Corke .. .. .. .. •. . 1732
274 Bishop, John, of Kinsale -. . . . . . . . . . 1732
275 Baily, Ann, of Parish of Moviddy . . . . . . . . 1732
276 Baily, George, of Ballygowan . . . . . . . . 1733
277 Beare, Ellinor, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1733
278 Bennett, Philip, of Maulnahollig .', .. .. .. 1733
279 Barry, David, of Corke .. .. .. .. .. 1733
280 Blazeby, James, of Cahirgall .. .. .. 1733
281 Bridges, Edward, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1734
282 Bowen, Timothy, of Kinsale .. .. .. .. 1734
283 Barrett, Samuel, of Corke . . . . . ; . . . . 1734
284 Bennett, John, of Cloghnakilty .. .. .. .. 1734
285 Beamish, Richard, Ballanard . . . . . . . . 1734
286 Burges, John, of Knocklaragh .. .. .. .. 1734
287 Bullen, William, of Kinsale . . .. .. .. .. 1734
288 Boyle, Sarah, of Corke .. .. .. .. .. 1734
289 Broffe, Mary, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1735
290 Barry, William, of Corke, mariner . . . . . . J735
291 Baily, Sarah . . . . . . . . . . . . 1735
292 Barbotin, Hester . . . . . . . . . . . . 1735
293 Birchfield, Catherine, of Corke . . . . . . . . 1736
294 Bernard, Arthur, of Pallas . . . . . . . . . . 1736
295 Barker, Mary, of Bandon . . „, .. . . . . . . 1736
296 Bousfield, Benjn., of Ardrally .. .. .. .. 1736
297 Bernard, Jane, of Corke .. .. .. .. .. 1736
298 Barry, Edmd., of Corke, scrivener . . . . . . . . 1736
299 Braly, Catherine, widow . . . . . . . . . . 1737
300 Banfield, Stephen, of Corke .. .. .. 1737
301 Bennett, John . . . . . . . . . . . . 1738
302 Barry, James, of Ballinalty , . . . . . . . 1739
303 Bourne, John, of Bandon . . . . . . . . . . 1739
304 Barnett, Elizabeth, of Corke . . . . . . . . 1739
305 Barker, John, of Kinsale .. .. .. .. . . 1739
96
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL
SOCIETY.
No. Name. Yeak.
306 Banfield, Jane, of East Skchanagh . . . . . . . . 1739
307 Billon, Catherine . . ... . . . . . . . . 1739
308 Barry, David, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1740
309 Baily, Thomas, of Corke .. .. .. .. 1740
310 Blanshat, John, of Corke .. .. .. .. .. 1740
311 Browne, Ann, of Cork .. .. .. .. ,, 1740
312 Bryan, Diana, of Roscarbcry .. .. .. .. 1740
313 Brewster, Ann, of Hilltown .. .. .. .. 1741
314 Brooks, Jane, of Corke .. .. .. .. .. 1741
315 Barter, John, of Cooldaniel .. .. .. .. 1742
316 Beecher, Jo]in, of Bristol . . . . . .. . . . . 1742
317 Browne, Margaret, of Corke . . .. .. .. 1743
318 Banfield, Thomas, of Corke .. .. .. .. 1743
319 Beale, CabeJ, of Corke .., . .... .. .. .. 1743
320 Bouisx, Peter, of Corke .. ... .. .. . 1744
321 Byrne, James, ship carpenter .. .. .. .. 1744
322 Beeche, Samuel, of Passage .. .. .. .. 1744
323 Bonbonus, Joseph, of Corke . . . . . . . . 1744
324 Bond, William, of Ballyrosheen .. .. .. ... 1745
325 Bishop, Barnabas, of Knockiloosy .. .. .. .. 1746
326 Bridges, William, of Corke .. .. .. .. 1746
327 Bennett, John, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1747
328 Bourne, Richard, of Cloncalabeg . . . . . . . . 1747
329 Bulman, Edward, of Bandon . . . . . . . . 1747
330 Boland, Thomas, of Corke .. .. .. .. 1747
331 Bullen, John, of Currahoo .. .. .. .. 1748
332 Barren, Margery, of Corke . . . . . . . . 1748
333 Bennis, John, of Corke .. . . .. .. .. 1748
334 Barrett, John, of Corke .. .. .. .. .. 1748
335 Baker, Frances, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1749
336 Browne, William, of Coolcoosane .. .. .. .. 1749
337 Burread, Robert, of Ringour .. .. .. .. 1749
338 Bodwin, George, of Corke . . . . . . . . 1749
339 Bohilly, Teige, of Blarney Lane . . . . . . . . 1749
340 Beamish, Francis, of Kilmalooda .. .. .. .. 1749
341 Boyle, Anne, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1749
342 Baily, John, of Ballincranig .. .. .. .. 1749
343 Baker, Robert, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1750
344 Burnett, Cecilia, of Corke . . . . . . ■ . . . . 1750
345 Bryant, George, of Kinsale . . . . . . . . 1750
346 Baldwin, Henry, of Garraneacoonig . . . . . . 1750
347 Barter, Thomas, of Annaghmore . . . . . . . . 1750
348 Barry, Richard, of Passage . . . . . . . . 175 1
349 Bonniott, Lucy, of Corke .. .. .. .. .. 175 1
350 Bingham, Qeorge, of Corke . . . . . . . . 1752
351 Bridges, William, of Bandon .. .. .. .. 1752
352 Blurton, Edward, surveyor of excise . . . . . . . . 1752
353 Baron, John, of Corke, clothier . . . . . . . . 1753
( To be continued).
Second Series. — Vol. II., No. 15.]
[March, 1896.
1 .% Mk
JOURNAL
OF THE
Cork Historical & Archaeological
Society.
)\n historical Recount 0) \\\<z pominicar\s of CorK,
From 1229, the year of their first foundation in the City, to our own times.
By REV. JAMES A. DWYER, O.P.
Chapter VI.
GREAT AND GOOD MEN.
HE Episcopal Jubilee of Pius IX. was celebrated with
great pomp in Rome on the 3rd June, 1877. The
bishop and priests of Cork, desirous of participating in
the universal joy of Christendom, decided on having
the city illuminated, and the following quotation from
the Examiner of June 8th conveys some idea of the
enthusiasm of the citizens on the occasion : —
"There has certainly been nothing of its kind seen in Cork within living memory
that could be at all compared with the illuminations of last evening. All the trades
that come into requisition on such an occasion — gasfitters, painters, decorators,
chandlers, etc. — all had their hands filled to overflowing by the demands of the in-
tending illuminators, and although aid was in many instances procured from Dublin
and other places, it was found impossible to execute more than half the orders. But
these were mere matters of art. Nature, too, was very largely laid under contribution,
and the quantity of green boughs, and sometimes whole trees, that were brought into
the city, would, if gathered together, have made up a respectable forest. The great
thing to be observed concerning the demonstration last night was its universality.
98
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCI LKOLOOICAL SOCIETY.
St. Mary's Church was certainly one of the most picturesque and most tastefully
decorated buildings in the city. The Priory was surmounted with a large number of
flags, combining a variety of colours, and presenting altogether a tasteful picture. All
the windows were gaily lit up with candles and lamps. The church itself was a marvel
of prcttiness; the statue of the Blessed Virgin on the top of the edifice was brilliantly
illuminated. The coronet on the head of our Lady was all aflame with little gas jets,
and a collection of jets also lay at her feet. The portico was bedecked with flags, and
each end of it was topped with a flag — one bearing the Papal arms, the other was
white with a rich red cross on it. . . . At this point they had spanned the river
with a great number of beautiful flags. From the centre of the line depended a large
handsome banner, on which were depicted the tiara and the cross-keys, surmounted by
the sacred motto, 'Gloria in Excelsis,' and underneath 'Long live Pius IX.' On the
right hand was a shield bearing the inscription ' Signum Fidei,' and on the other shield,
' Ireland and Italy.' On the river they had tar-barrels, and along the quays a still
greater number. There was a band in attendance throughout the evening."
Eight months after this imposing display of love and veneration, the
sad news of the Pope's death was flashed by telegraph to the ends of
the earth. Pius IX. died on the 7th February, 1878, and, as in the pre-
vious June his Episcopal Jubilee was celebrated with every token of joy,
so now sorrow was everywhere manifested, and many were the fervent,
heartfelt prayers offered for the soul of the deceased Pontiff. A solemn
requiem high mass was celebrated in St. Mary's Church on the 12th.
The sanctuary and apse were draped in black, and around the high
catafalque erected in the centre of the church, as in other parts of the
sacred building, were suspended various shields descriptive of the prin-
cipal events in the reign of His Holiness. On the eastern tower was
likewise raised the Papal standard at half-mast. All the churches of the
city continued to exhibit signs of mourning until the election of Leo XIII.
as universal pastor of the church and bishop of Rome. The new Pope
was crowned on the 3rd March, with as much solemnity as was possible
under the trying circumstances which then prevailed.
After an interval of seven years, during which time the Dominicans
were governed by a vicar-general, the Most Rev. Joseph Larocca suc-
ceeded Father Jandel as master-general of the Order. He was elected
in October of this year, and was a man who, like his predecessor, was
gifted with the spirit of zeal and prudence.
The marble pulpit(l> in St. Mary's Church was inaugurated on the
30th May, 1880, the opening sermon being preached by the Most Rev.
Dr. Fitzgerald, bishop of Ross, who made an eloquent appeal to those
present to aid in liquidating the debt, £500, most of which was realized
by the exertions of the members of the Confraternity of St. Thomas
Aquinas, which association is appropriately called the "Angelic Warfare."
(1) It was designed according to the Italian renaissance, a style which prevailed in
Italy during the fourteenth and two succeeding centuries.
HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF THE DOMINICANS OF CORK. QO,
The following words in gilt letters are inscribed on its base — "In honour
of St. Thomas of Aquin, their holy patron, this pulpit was erected by
the exertions of the young men of the Sodality of the 'Angelic Warfare,'
1880."
Just a month after this ceremony, the priorship of St. Mary's being
vacant, the Very Rev. Father Carbery, ex-provincial, was elected to the
office. His return to Cork was universally hailed, as he was much
beloved by all classes whilst previously living in the city He did not
Most Rev. Dr. Carbery, O.P.
{Late Bishop of Hamilton, Canada.)
however retain the position long, as about two months afterwards he was
summoned to Rome by the General, who appointed him his assistant.
After three years residence in Rome he was promoted by His Holiness,
Leo XIII., to the Episcopal See of Hamilton, in Canada. Though he
presided only four years over this diocese, we are told that he erected
several churches, colleges, and schools — which are monuments of his
great zeal and activity — and promoted by word and example the love
of religion and piety. No wonder then that he was affectionately
remembered by the people whose spiritual interests he so well guarded.
Dr. Carbery came to Cork at the close of the year 1887 with the inten-
IOO CORK HISTORICAL AN' I) ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
tion of visiting Rome on the occasion of the Papal Jubilee, but his health,
already impaired, became gradually weaker, and he passed away leaving
many dear friends to mourn his loss. After office and high mass at
St. Mary's, his remains were transferred to Limerick and laid under
St. Saviour's Church, in the vault which was built according to his own
design. The following sketch of his life will, I doubt not, be of interest
to those who were acquainted with the deceased.
He was born in county Westmeath in 1822, and made his preparatory
studies in the seminary of Navan. When nineteen years of age he went
to Rome, and entered the Dominican Order. Having completed his
studies in the " Eternal City," he was ordained priest and returned to
Ireland. The first sphere of his labours was St. Mary's, Pope's Quay,
where for ten years and two months he exercised the sacred duties of his
ministry. At the time of his death one of the local papers observed that
" though many years have passed since he lived among the people of
Cork, the memory of Father Carbery is still fresh in the minds of those
who knew him, and the kindly demeanour and kindlier actions of the
young Dominican are still cherished and fondly remembered."
Recognising his sterling worth, the Provincial appointed him prior
of St. Mary's, Limerick, where, as in Cork, he produced a lasting im-
pression for good on the hearts of all with whom he came in contact.
Young men especially were the objects of his untiring zeal, and there
are many still living who ascribe to him their success, both in spiritual
and temporal affairs. After some years he was elected to the responsible
position of provincial. Then, as already stated, he became companion
to the General, and subsequently bishop of Hamilton.
On account of his intimate connection with the Dominicans of
Ireland, and more especially those of Cork, it is with pleasure I would
ask my readers to dwell with me for awhile on the distinguished career
of our present bishop, the Most Rev. Dr. O'Callaghan. The South
Parish claims to be his birthplace. He was born in 1839, and at an
early age was placed in the North Monastery, under the care of the
Christian Brothers, who instilled into his mind not only the principles
of solid piety, but likewise those of profane learning, for which he
manifested a great aptitude. As he grew up he attended a school at
Sunday's Well conducted by Mr. D. O'Connor, and afterwards received
lessons in the classics from Mr. O'Sullivan, South Mall, whence he
passed to the grammar school of St. Mary's Priory, where his desire to
enter the Order was matured. In 1857 he entered the noviciate at
Tallaght, the Rev. Father Thomas Burke being then master of the
novices. Having made his profession, he studied philosophy under
same gifted teacher. Then he left for San Clemente, Rome, and attended
HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF THE DOMINICANS OF CORK. IOI
the theological lectures delivered by a Dominican at the famous college
of the Minerva. He was elevated to the priesthood in 1864. After
twelve months he returned to Ireland, and was assigned to the convent
of Tallaght, where for six years he was employed in teaching. He was
then sent to Cork, but in 1872 contracted the smallpox which then
raged in the city, and after a long illness was again restored to his usual
Most Rev. Dr. O'Callaghan, O.P.
{Bishop of Cork)
health and vigour. In the following year he was appointed prior of the
West Convent, which is situated in Claddagh, a poor though romantic
spot in Galway. This position he held scarcely twelve months, when he
became superior of St. Catherine's Priory in Newry. After an interval
of five years he again went to Rome, where the students of San Clemente
were placed under his care.
The Rev. Father Mullooly dying about this time, Father O'Callaghan
102 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIKTY.
succeeded him as prior of the Irish Dominican College/*) This posi-
tion he filled with honour for some years, when in June, 1884, he was
appointed coadjutor-bishop of Cork. His consecration took place on the
Feast of SS. Peter and Paul, in the Church of San Clcmcnte, which was
splendidly decorated for the occasion. Cardinal Simconi, prefect of the
Propaganda, was the celebrant, assisted by Monsignor Salua, O.P., com-
missary of the Holy Inquisition, and by Dr. Kirby, of the Irish College.
About a month afterwards, on the 2nd of August, Dr. O'Callaghan
arrived in Cork, and was received enthusiastically by the people. On
the death of Dr. Delany, one of the most eminent bishops of this
century, Dr. O'Callaghan, by right of succession, took possession of the
diocese. In order to give some idea of what he has done since then it is
merely necessary to quote the words of the Irish Catholic of the 8th
September, 1888 : — "To speak in detail of Dr. O'Callaghan's services to
the Church since he has been raised to the episcopate would be impos-
sible within the limits at our disposal, but it is no exaggeration to say
that his lordship has displayed in the great sphere of duty to which he
has been called those characteristic virtues of humility, devotion, and
self-abnegation, as well as of firmness, in every righteous cause, which
have always rendered him the beloved of his brethren in religion, and
the esteemed and revered friend of those beneath his sway." May God
prolong his life to continue the glorious work in which he is engaged —
ad multos annos.
A little more than three months after Dr. O'Callaghan's consecration
the Most Rev. Dr. Hyland closed his earthly career. He was, as my
readers may remember, especially connected with St. Mary's. His
death occurred at Trinidad, at the early age of forty-seven years, but
though his life was short, it was full of merits and good works. He was
born in Dublin in 1837, of a good pious family, four members of which
entered the religious state/3) The deceased prelate joined the Dominican
Order in 1856, and, like the bishop of Cork, made his noviciate at
Tallaght, under the care of Father Burke. Having been professed, he
went to Rome to complete his studies, to which he applied himself with
great assiduity and marked success. In 1861 he was raised to the priest-
hood, and, returning to Ireland in the following year, was immediately
assigned to Holy Cross Abbey, Tralee, whence after twelve months he
went to Cork. There are still in our city so many devoted friends by
(2) Father Mullooly was deservedly considered a most distinguished antiquarian.
It was he who discovered the ancient (now the subterranean) Church of San Clemente.
(3) His brother, the Very Rev. Clement Hyland, o.s.F., was guardian of the convent
of his Order, where he resided at the time of the bishop's death, and two sisters had
become " Poor Clares."
HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF THE DOMINICANS OF CORK. 1 03
whom he is remembered that it is unnecessary to dwell at length on the
qualities which distinguished Father Hyland. His zeal, eloquence, and
self-sacrifice in the exercise of his sacred office are proverbial. During
his stay in Cork he not only worked for the welfare of the people, but
was likewise employed in teaching the students of St. Mary's, and was at
the same time archivist of the convent.(4) The fruits of his energy in this
interesting sphere have been such as to considerably lighten the labours
necessarily entailed on the writer of this historical account.
Most Rev. Dr. Hyland, O.P.
{Late Coadjutor-Bishop of Port of S/ain.)
For more than sixteen years Father Hyland thus devoted himself to
the interests of religion, and in 1880 was deservedly promoted to the
priorship of Tralee. Two years subsequently he was appointed coadjutor
of the Most Rev. Dr. Gonin, O.P., archbishop of Trinidad. His consecra-
tion took place in the church of San Clemente, Rome, on the 30th April,
1882/5) the celebrant being his Eminence Cardinal McCabe, the late
archbishop of Dublin. He then went without delay to Port of Spain,
where he literally wore himself out in the service of his Divine Master,
(4) Father Dwyer, o.P., succeeded him in this office in November, 1890.
(5) The title assumed by him was that of Bishop of " Evrea."
104 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII/EOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
and after two years died from the effects of a virulent climatic fever, his
constitution, already enfeebled, being unable to cope with the descasc.
May his memory be cherished, and may his noble example ever live in
the minds of his brethren and of his numerous friends.
At the close of the visitation in June, 1885, the Very Rev. J. T. Towers,
provincial, made the following observations : — " Since the last visitation
the province, and this house in particular, have had to lament the death
of the Very Rev. Father Willard. The greater part of his holy life was
spent in St. Mary's, of which he was a son. Here he edified his brethren
by his sanctity, zeal, and self-sacrifice. Stricken down in the prime of
life by a painful malady, he bore his trial with patience and resigna-
tion, so that when summoned hence his death was like his life, "precious
in the sight of God."<6>
Father Willard was so well known in our city that it is unnecessary
to add to the above testimony of his worth. Suffice it to say that his
sterling qualities were so much appreciated by his brethren they elected
him several times to the responsible position of prior, both in Cork and
Newry.
His remains were laid in St. Mary's Cemetery, and the following
simple lines inscribed on the tombstone : —
"Pray for the repose of the soul of Rev. John Willard, S.T.B.,
who died Sept. 28, 1884. Aged fifty-eight years. R.I. P."
On the 4th February, 1890, the Most Rev. Dr. Flood, O.P., was in-
vested with the pallium as archbishop of Port of Spain. The ceremony
took place in the cathedral of Trinidad, the Most Rev. Dr. Butler, S.J.,
bishop of Demerara, officiating. Amongst the many distinguished
persons present was the Governor of Trinidad.
Dr. Flood has laboured strenuously for the welfare of those committed
to his care. The grand results which have attended his untiring efforts
should not surprise us if we consider the high qualities of mind and
heart with which he is endowed. We wish him, then, many years of
happiness and success in the good work in which he is engaged/?)
The Very Rev. B. T. Russell, whose name is well known to our
readers, died on the 10th July, 1890, in the Dominican Priory, Cork.
{See portrait, page 407, No. 9, September, 1895, of this Journal.)
His career was most distinguished. For seventy-four years he shone
(6) A reference was likewise made to the new high altar, at the erection of which
the baldachino was raised to its present height. This altar was consecrated by the
Most Rev. Dr. O'Callaghan on the 1st May, 1888.
(7) The name of Father Vincent Flood is mentioned in the " Records" of St. Mary's
Priory early in the year 1870.
HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF THE DOMINICANS OF CORK. IO5
amongst his brethren as a leader and an ornament in the Order to
which he belonged. He bore an extraordinary love to the habit of
St. Dominic, and, being desirous of spending his life as an humble friar,
could not be induced to accept the episcopal dignity to which he had
been nominated. The personal friend of many great men, he never
aspired to other title than that of " friar preacher."
He was born in Cork on the 27th March, 1799, and entered the
Order when eighteen years old. Having finished his studies *in Corpo
Most Rev. Dr. Flood, O.P.
{Archbishop of Port of Spain.
Santo, he returned in 1823 to his native city, where, heedless of contempt
and prejudice, which in those days was frequently the portion of priest
and friar, he preached and laboured unceasingly in the old chapel of
Dominick Street.
When, in 1829, Catholic Emancipation was granted to Ireland, our
" silver tongued preacher," as he was called, making an appeal on behalf
of the Christian Brothers' Schools, thrilled his audience by the following
expressive words : — " Let us give glory to God to-day, for to-day we are
free ; our bonds have been broken, and we are delivered ; but no ! we are
not all free. There is one slave in your midst, and that is he who
I06 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
addresses you. Yes, my brethren, yes, I, alas! am still a slave, for I
am still in the eyes of the law a felon. "(8) This feeling of slavery did not,
however, deter him from exercising his ministry in pulpit and confessional
during his long and laborious life.
His uprightness of character, blended with sweetness and discretion
as well as deep-seated piety, attracted not only the young, but those
advanced in years. Mis Order was to him as poverty to St. Francis of
Assysium, " his spouse and his queen." He lived only for its advance-
ment, and his heart seemed to throb only for its welfare. We need but
look on St. Mary's, its church and priory, both built by him, which are
ornaments to our city, and, we trust, fountains of good — spiritual and
temporal — to glean some idea of Father Russell's capabilities and well-
regulated zeal.
His peaceful, happy death was a fitting close to a life so full of merit
and good works. His remains were laid in St. Mary's Cemetery after the
requiem high mass, celebrated by the Most Rev. Dr. O'Callaghan, O.P.
His brethren united with other dear friends amongst the laity in
raising in the sanctuary of the church a beautiful monument^ as a testi-
mony of their affection and veneration.
Scarcely had two months elapsed after Father Russell's demise
when Dr. Leahy, bishop of Dromore, departed this life. These two
distinguished men were fellow-students in Corpo Santo, and co-labourers
in the city of Cork. Rivals only in the cause of religion, they were
closely united by ties of the deepest affection.
John Pius Leahy was, like his friend, a native of Cork. Born on the
25th July, 1802, he went when only fifteen years old to Corpo Santo,
where in due time he made his profession in the Dominican Order, and
was ordained in 1825. Having distinguished himself as a student, he
was immediately assigned to teach various branches of ecclesiastical
subjects — philosophy, theology, and the history of the Church — and was
thus employed for fifteen years. He was likewise rector of the college
of Corpo Santo, founded by the celebrated Dominic O'Daly, a native of
Kerry/IO> In 1847 Father Leahy was elected prior of the Dominican
convent, Cork, and subsequently Provincial of Ireland. In this capacity
he attended the Synod of Thurles in 1850. Deservedly held in high
(8) Father Russell alluded here to the exclusion of the regular clergy from the
benefits of Catholic Emancipation. See his appeal in December number (1895) of this
Journal.
(9) This monument was designed by Mr. Hynes, architect, and executed by
Mr. O'Connell, sculptor, with the exception of the bust, which was the work of
Thomas Farrell, r.h.a., Dublin.
(10) He was also called " Dominic of the Rosary."
HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF THE DOMINICANS OF CORK, IOJ
repute as a theologian, he was appointed Master of Conference for the
diocese of Cork.
Such was the career of this great man before he was compelled, in
1854, to leave the retirement so dear to him, in order to become
coadjutor-bishop to Dr. Blake in the diocese of Dromore. The latter
dying six years subsequently, Dr. Leahy succeeded to him, and governed
the diocese for thirty years. He ruled his flock with mildness and
firmness, spreading everywhere the sweet odour of his virtues, being
specially remarkable for profound humility, which pervaded his every
Most Rev. Dr. Leahy, O.P.
{Late Bishop of Dromore.)
movement. Though gifted above most men with the power of eloquence,
by reason of which he was considered the first pulpit orator in Ireland,
he shrank instinctively from the public gaze, and loved nothing better
than retirement Nevertheless, he was ever ready at the call of duty or
charity to make church or oratory resound with words of light and
charm, which held his listeners spellbound.
During his episcopate Dr. Leahy had always at heart the advance-
ment of religion, and under his paternal care the Poor Clares and
Sisters of Mercy were introduced into Newry, as well as the latter into
[08 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETV.
Rostrevor and Lurgan. In Ncwry also during his time were established
the Dominican church and priory of St. Catherine. Many other churches
and schools, besides religious bodies, owe their existence in Drornore to
its honoured bishop, who until his death was ever the same unassuming
Father Leahy that was loved and revered by the people of Cork.
If humility be the foundation of all other virtues, there is little
doubt that Dr. Leahy had reached the climax to which this virtue
leads, true nobility and sanctity of soul, combined with a holiness of life
to which few can attain. No wonder, then, that his death, like his life,
was considered that of a saint. His obsequies were celebrated in the
cathedral of Newry on the 9th September, 1890, and were attended by
an immense concourse of people, besides many prelates, amongst whom
was Dr. O'Callaghan, O.P., who was celebrant on the occasion. The
remains of the deceased bishop were laid in the cemetery attached to
the " old chapel " of Newry, where for some years the Dominicans had
officiated.
The Most Rev. Joseph Larocca, general of the Order, died in
January, 1 891. His successor, Father Fruhwirth, a native of Austria, was
elected at Oulins, near Lyons, on the 20th of the following September.
Being a man of great learning, he was appointed master of studies in
the Dominican convent of Gratz in 1876, and more than once declined
the episcopal dignity.(lI>
About this time two side altars,(l2) of exquisite design and superior
workmanship, were erected in the church, Pope's Quay. We are indebted
for these altars to the late Miss Susan Murphy, who bequeathed one
thousand pounds to the community of St. Mary's. She was sister of
the late Count Murphy, and Nicholas Murphy, of Carrigmore.
The writer avails of this opportunity to express his own and his
brethren's heartfelt gratitude to this well-known and distinguished
family, and to give them the earnest assurance of constant remembrance
in the prayers of the community.
Amongst the many deceased friends of the Cork Dominicans was one
who was connected with them from his boyhood, and whose memory
shall be ever held by them in the most affectionate esteem. Mr. Thomas
Bresnan was a man of rare virtue, and conspicuous amongst his fellow-
men for uprightness of character and holiness of life. A faithful member
(n)Only on three occasions in six hundred years has an Austrian been elected
General of the Dominican Order.
(12) The plans were drawn by Mr. Hynes, and the work executed by Messrs. Daly
and Son, Cook Street. The group surmounting the altar of our Lady, and the statue
over that of St. Dominic, were wrought and erected by Mr. Smyth, of Dublin — the
former at the expense of the female branch of the Confraternity of the Rosary, and the
latter at the expense of the Sodality of St. Thomas Aquinas.
HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF THE DOMINICANS OF CORK. IO9
of the Society of St. Vincent de Paul, and attached from his youth to
the Sodality of the Holy Name (established at St. Mary's for the
teaching of catechism on Sundays), he scrupulously observed the rules
of these societies, and was united with both up to his death. The
members of the Sodality, appreciating his high qualities, elected him
president each succeeding year.
At the inauguration of the Young Men's Society at St. Mary's by the
late Dr. Leahy, O.P., Mr. Bresnan was amongst those present. He was
subsequently appointed vice-president, which position he filled with
honour for twenty-five years, when on the retirement of the president,
Mr. John George McCarthy, he was elected as his successor. Resigning
after two years he was presented by the members with his portrait,
accompanied by an address and testimonial. Some years before his
death, having resigned the presidentship of the Sodality of the Holy
Name, his fellow-labourers likewise gave him a beautifully illuminated
address, dated March 1889, and signed on behalf of the Sodality by
James A. Dwyer, O.P., spiritual director ; Patrick Hegarty, vice-presi-
dent ; James O'Sullivan, secretary. It concluded with these words : —
" While we deeply regret that your resignation of office as president is
unavoidable, we trust and pray that God will spare you many years of
restored health still to edify us, and still to be —
' Like the oak by the the fountain in sunshine and storm,
Like the rock on the mountain unchanging in form,
Like the course of our river through ages the same,
Like the dew rising ever to heaven whence it came.'"
Mr. Bresnan died at his residence, Patrick's Hill, on the 1st May, 1893.
R.I.P.
A circular letter was received by the Prior of St. Mary's on the 16th
September of this year, relative to the death and glorious career of
Cardinal Zigliara, O.P., who died in Rome on the 10th May previous.
Having been elevated to the purple, he was appointed by Leo XIII.
prefect of a committee^ of Dominican fathers, to whom was entrusted
the revision of the works of St. Thomas, and before his death had the
pleasure of seeing published many volumes of the new edition, which by
desire of his Holiness is now entirely under the control of the Dominican
General.
In 1894 the community of St. Mary's lost one of their young priests,
the Rev. A. M. McGowan, who died in the prime of life, being only
twenty-eight years old. He had laboured in the city somewhat more
than three years, and was remarkable for wonderful zeal both in pulpit
(*3) One member of this committee (Very Rev. James Littleton) is an Irishman.
I IO CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
and confessional. At his death, which took place on the 20th March, he
left many sincere friends to mourn his loss.
He was born in Carlingford, county Louth, under the shadow of an
ancient Dominican convent, which very probably was the means of
directing the course of his after life. With reason do we apply to him
the words of Holy Writ : " Being made perfect in a short space,
he fulfilled a long time." — Wisdom, chap. iv. His remains lie in the
cemetery attached to the church.
Four months had scarcely passed when the Rev. Gabriel Moore, O.P.,(l4>
was called to his reward. He was a young priest of great promise, being
highly cultivated, and conspicuous for sterling virtue and goodness of
heart. Having completed his studies at San Clemente, Rome, he was
about leaving for Ireland when he was suddenly taken ill, and departed
this life on the 25th July, 1894, not having been yet three years ordained.
The Bishop of Cloyne, Most Rev. Dr. Browne, visited Youghal a
short time after his consecration, and received a number of addresses
from various bodies in the town. Amongst them was one from the
Presentation Convent Schools. In his answer the Bishop alluded to
the Franciscan and Dominican houses which had formerly existed in
Youghal, and in reference to the latter expressed himself thus : — " There
was another monastery in this great old town — a Dominican monastery —
also amongst the earliest foundations of the great Dominican Order in
Ireland, and in that monastery was a famous statue of Our Lady of
Graces.(l5) May I not conclude that it is that Mother of Graciousness
who has watched over this great old Catholic town, and that it is owing
to her intercession with our Divine Lord that the faith has been pre-
served through every phase of difficulty and trial, so that now it has
come to our lot to see once again in this town a display of Catholicity,
such as must give comfort to the heart of a bishop."
The consecration of the new side altars in the church, Pope's Quay,
took place on the 5th February, 1895, during the celebration of a solemn
Triduum, which opened the previous Sunday. The altar of St. Dominic
was consecrated by Dr. Browne, whilst the Bishop of Cork performed
a like ceremony at that of the Rosary, over which was placed the
miraculous statue of our Lady of Graces. An overflowing congrega-
tion attended each evening of the Triduum, and truly eloquent sermons
were preached by the Venerable Archdeacon Coughlan, Blackrock ;
(14) He was the brother of the present prior of St. Mary's, the Very Rev. J. M. Moore.
(15) The Catholic Fireside of the 2nd December, 1893, contained a romantic narrative
of this statue, and the present writer, fearing the public might accept it as authentic,
thought it advisable to publish what has always been considered its true history. This
account appeared on the same paper of the 16th December, and subsequently at greater
length in the April number of the Journal, 1894.
HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF THE DOMINICANS OF CORK. I I I
Rev. Lewis Butler, O.P., of Dublin, and Very Rev. Canon Keller, p.p.,
Youghal. On the third day high mass was celebrated in presence of
his lordship, Dr. O'Callaghan, by the Very Rev. Father Moore, prior of
St. Mary's.
Conclusion.
It is with pleasure I have brought to a close the " Historical
Account" of the Cork Dominicans. We have seen what they have
achieved since their arrival in the city in 1229, and how devoted and
faithful they have ever been to the call of duty, even at a time when, if
captured, it meant imprisonment or death. Never for over six hundred
and sixty years has their succession amongst the people of Cork been
interrupted, notwithstanding the persecutions to which they were sub-
jected. But how is this fidelity to duty and this marvellous steadfastness
of purpose to be explained ? Simply by that bond of brotherhood
established by means of that golden chain, the precious links of which
consist of their three vows, made to God and His representatives. These
promises imposed on them no galling shackles, but rather a light yoke,
which freed those who bore it from all worldly ties, and formed them
s into a solid phalanx, ever ready to do battle with the enemies of religion
and humanity. It is true, their weapons, though honourable, did not
always meet with the world's approval. To this, however, they were
quite indifferent, for their principles were not of the world, but of Christ
their Master, who, they did well to remember, was always looked upon
as a sign to be contradicted. Every friar preacher meanwhile might
with good reason have appropriated to himself that beautiful motto of
Cardinal Newman, Cor ad cor loquitur — "Heart speaks to heart" — for
he had in view the same objects and professed the same obligations as
his brethren. He therefore well understood the aspirations of those
whose sole ambition was to have but " one soul and one heart,"
according to the rule which they had vowed to follow. They were also
men of intellect and extensive knowledge, aiming only at " Truth," the
standard of their Order ; and recognizing that " Knowledge is power,"
they persevered in the undertakings they attempted, and boldly faced
the attendant dangers and difficulties, fully conscious that truth would
in the end prevail.
We must likewise remember their strong and undying attachment to
the Irish people, whose prospects, temporal and spiritual, they had at
heart, neither turning to right or left when the welfare of Ireland's sons
or daughters was threatened — endangering life itself in their efforts to
save them from national degradation or hopeless despair. No wonder,
then, that well-informed Protestants should defend them in their untiring
112 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARC II ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
exertions for Faith and Fatherland — the two objects with them upper-
most, whether in distant lands or on their native soil.
Whilst, then, religious orders are now-a-days regarded by some with
contempt and distrust, might they not at least be allowed to enjoy that
liberty of conscience which is the universal claim of this nineteenth
century? Should they commit a crime against society, let them, like
others, be punished rigorously. But when they are despoiled of liberty
and deemed unworthy to live amongst their own people, simply because
they profess to observe what is clearly prescribed in the Gospel as the
more perfect state, can lovers of justice and fair play blame the regular
clergy for complaining that they are treated in an exceptionally harsh
manner in being excluded from the benefits conferred on their fellow-
Catholics by the Emancipation Act of 1829? The regulars are still
inscribed on the Statute Book as outlaws and felons. Are those oppro-
brious epithets never to be erased ? Must they remain as a stigma
against a nation that more than any other in the world makes profession
of liberty and justice ? Why should England, whose flag is thrown as a
shield of protection over those subject to her sway, and whose cherished
motto is Fiat Justitia, permit such a stain to disfigure her laws ? Were
this act of justice generously and speedily accorded, a new era of
religious freedom would dawn for Catholics, and they, with their priests,
regular as well as secular, could in future serve God without fear of
molestation or interference from those who do not profess their faith or
understand their cherished traditions.
ft Chapter on posies.
ROBERT DAY, F.S.A., President.
HE custom of wearing finger rings, whether as mere
ornaments or as a vehicle for carrying the seal signet,
which among the ancients was of the greatest signifi-
cance and importance, is of very high antiquity. In
Egypt, as in Ireland, the earliest money in circulation
was in the form of gold rings, and one such was placed
by the Egyptian upon his bride's finger, as a symbol
of endowing her with all his worldly goods. But it is not of such that
this paper will treat. It will bring us down to the sixteenth century,
when the Tudors reigned and wielded the sceptre with strong and iron
hands ; when William Shakespeare wrote such lines as these : —
A CHAPTER ON POSIES.
" You are full of pretty answers.
Have you not been acquainted with goldsmiths' wives,
And conned them out of rings ? " (0
alluding to the prevailing fashion of placing a motto in the betrothal,
the wedding, the gift, the memorial, and other rings ; and again, where
Hamlet asks, " Is this a prologue, or the posy of a ring ? " or in the
" Merchant of Venice," where Gratiano and Nerissa quarrel
" About a hoop of gold, a paltry ring
That she did give me, whose poesy was
For all the world like cutler's poetry
Upon a knife — Love me and leave me not."
The word posy is simply an abbreviated form of poesy, and originally
meant verses that were presented with a bunch of flowers, and thus the
term came to be applied to the flowers themselves. It is probable that
these bouquets were often made to convey one of these rhyming mottoes,
each flower having its own individual meaning, as expressed in " the
language of flowers." Spenser tells us of bridegroom's poesies, and
Sir John Evans, KX.B., in his lecture on " Rings," (2> quotes an early
author who has demonstrated the close affinity between marriage and
hanging, as in each ceremony the victim provides a great nosegay, and
shakes hands all round. He also quotes from Hall's Chronicle, written
early in the sixteenth century, where the word posy and motto convey
the same meaning — " The tente was replenyshed, and decked with this
posie : ' After busy labor cometh victorious rest.' " Nicholas Udall, the
master at Eton, makes frequent use of the word, and mentions a title
being " set up as a paysee or a worde of good lucke, that no misadven-
ture might light on the house " that bore it. This will recall the motto
upon the old house in Chester, " God's Providence is our inheritance,"
which is also the family motto of the earls of Cork.
In 1674 a small volume was published in London, which has been
reprinted with additional notes, in the Sette of Odd Volumes, by
Mr. James Robert Brown, a past president of that society, and has upon
its title page in black letter — " Love's Garland, or Posies for Rings,
Hand-kerchers, and Gloves, and such pretty tokens as Lovers send their
Loves." Among these are posies sent with bracelets, girdles and scarves,
and one that was sent " pinned to the orange tawny top of a very fair
pair of gloves of sixpence." The gloves and girdles, scarves and kerchers
are long since gone, with the love and loving mottoes they bore ; but
the rings and bodkins, the enamelled and silver boxes— thanks to the
(0" As You Like It," act iii., scene 2.
(2) Posy-Rings. Longmans: London. 1892.
8
114 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIKTY.
more durable materials of which they are made — have been preserved
and continue with us to illustrate these charming old customs which
will, in the turn of Fashion's wheel, again come out of the buried past,
and sooner or later re-live their life again, if not in the quaint and pure
old Saxon of the sixteenth, in the more extended and voluminous
English of the nineteenth or twentieth century.
The great majority of posy rings are remarkable for their purity of
thought and refinement of expression and feeling. Some convey forms
of sentences now quite obsolete. One such occurs upon a ring from
Devonshire : —
" As you yous me, you shall finde me ";
which is illustrated in an interesting way by a letter of Sir Walter
Raleigh's, dated July 26, 1584, where the passage occurs, "If you shall
at any time have occasion to use me you shall finde me!1 The peculiarity
of the spelling may possibly have arisen from the dialect of the district,
which gives the phonetic character to the word use, spelled " yous ;"
but apart altogether from this, the letter and the ring have preserved a
form of expression that was common when Raleigh lived, but is now
forgotten and gone out of use.
So far back as April, 1883, I contributed a list of the posy rings in
my collection to the Journal of the Royal Historical and ArcJiceological
Association of Ireland \ vol. vi., fourth series, No. 54. This was followed
in January, 1886, and supplemented in April, 1892. Since then I have
added a few more to their number, and it has been suggested to me
that a full and continuous list would prove of interest, with some of the
numerous examples outside my own cabinet. A few years ago I had
the privilege of seeing a collection that had been formed by Mr. J. W.
Singer, of Frome, Somerset, numbering more than four hundred. These
have since been purchased by Sir John Evans, and added to his already
large collection, making it now the fullest and most complete in the
kingdom. Before parting with these, Mr. Singer made a very complete
and most carefully-compiled manuscript catalogue of the posies, adding
the makers' marks in fac simile, which he most kindly placed at my
disposal This has enabled me to arrange the mottoes in alphabetical
order, copying all except those that are duplicated. Some occur so
often, and I have met with so many of the same from time to time, that
they must have been made up by goldsmiths as stock rings for their
customers. Among these are : —
(3) I remember the late Earl of Kingston telling me of an agent that his father had,
who succeeded in spelling the word usage without putting a single letter belonging to
the word into it ! How did he do it ? By commencing at the end and finishing off at
the beginning of the alphabet, thus, wyzitch.
A CHAPTER ON POSIES.
115
" In Christ and thee my comfort be."
" Providence Divine hath made thee mine."
" God above increase our love," etc., etc.
I have alluded to the custom of placing posies on bodkins, boxes,
etc., etc. To illustrate this, I recently purchased in Dublin three
curious silver bodkins, upon one of which is engraved the posy, " Keep
vertue ever. 1661." A Battersea enamel box has the motto, " The gift
is small, but love is all " ; and a silver gilt oval box, with a tortoise-shell
cover, in which is set a silver medallion of King Charles I., surrounded
with the star and garter, and within another box of silver, heart-shaped,
engraved on both sides with a heart pierced by two arrows, a naked
sword, a winged heart, and the posy —
" I live and die
In Loyaltie ";
and again inside the heart-shaped receptacle is a little portraiture of the
martyred king in chased silver, having all the character of Roettier's
work.
There was an old-time custom of giving a gold ring to the reigning
monarch by serjeants-at-law upon their creation, and each Serjeant was
bound also to give a ring to each of his brother Serjeants. They were
not so massive as the royal rings, which in the lapse of centuries so
accumulated that at Windsor candlesticks are preserved which are made
of them placed one above the other. The practice of giving rings to the
Crown was continued until 1873, when the office of serjeant-at-law was
abolished. The posies upon these were usually in Latin, rarely in
English. In 1485 it is recorded that Sir John Fineux used the inscrip-
tion, " Suae quisque fortunse faber." Later, in Elizabeth's reign, the
motto was " LEX REGIS PRESIDIUM." Sir John Evans has in his
collection a ring of the time of Henry VIII., reading " Vivat Rex et lex,"
and I possess two that are both in English. One has—
# Honor . God . in . everi . plase .
The other —
■fc FEAR . AND . LOVE . GOD.
Serjeants' rings differ from the ordinary posy ring, as the motto is
always upon the outside surface, upon a flat sunk band of gold, having a
moulding above and below, which protects the motto from being worn.
The following list of posies on rings is taken from the collections of
Sir John Evans and Sir A. Wollaston Franks. Those in my own pos-
session are marked with an asterisk. The reader, if so disposed, can cull
from their variety of character and sentiment those that were sent as
love tokens, or used as betrothal or wedding rings ; as rings given upon
I 1 6 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII/EOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
St. Valentine's Day, and as those which were given at funerals, or were
used as memorials of the dead. The following, of silver, have posies
which as a rule are extremely short and simple. These are followed by
three of brass, and the remainder are in gold, varying in weight from
I dwt. to half an ounce. The very heavy rings were possibly bequests.
A Ids for this.
*. Be . True . in . hart .
Continue constant.
Death parts united harts.
Fear God and love me.
Feare God love me.
God above increace our love.
Hearts content cannot repent.
I chuse not to change.
Let Love increafe.
*Love and feare God C. C.
SILVER.
There is none to me, like Christ and thee.
You never knew a more true.
*Feare the Lord.
*Fear God allwayes.
*Fear God onely.
*Fear God and live.
*A friend to the end.
*Love God only. D.F.
*Love God above all.
*Love the Giver.
*On for ever.
God above increase our love.
^ Honour God in Love.
Live in Love.
GOLD.
A . FRENDES . GYFTE.
*Accept my good will.
*A true friends gift. I.S.
(4)*As loue hath joyn'd our harts together"^
fo none but death our harts fhall sever /
As I expect so let me find ^
A faithfull & constant mind. J
As I on thee haue made my choyce D )
So in the Lord let us rejoyce 1637 wa/
As God hath joyned us togather
Let us live in love & serve him ever
As I expect fo let me find \
A faithful heart a constant mind. J
AsGodhathchosentheeamateformee^
He honour him in louing thee. J
As God hath made & chose for me ^
He honor God in loving the. /
All I refuse thee I chuse.
A virtuous wife (p)referueth life.
A loving wife prolongeth life.
As God decreed soe we agreed.
As true to thee as death to mee.
*A loving wife a happy life EC.
As true to love a turtle dove.
A vertuous wife preserveth life.
All that I desire of the is to fear God
and loue me.
As God decreed soe we agreede 1620.
A friende to thee, He ever be P.S.
Always affect what gets respect.
Accept my good will.
A token of good will.
A frinds gift.
A token of love.
*A vartous wife prolongeth life.
All perfect loue is from aboue.
A virtous wife a happy life HHS
*A merry heart puts by all smart.
*As God appointed, I am contented.
*As you youse me you shall finde me.
*As I proue I wish your love.
'A faithful wife to the joy of E W.
*As God hath appointed I am contented.
Be . faithful . and louing.
By Gods decree one we be.
BE . TRVE . TO . THE . END.
By Gods decree one wee bee.
Be kind to me. I will to the.
(4) The mottoes between brackets occur in two lines, and are much more rare than
the single-line posies.
A CHAPTER ON POSIES.
Be constant you for I am trew.
Be true in hart tell death depart.
By Gods decree we both agree M # M.
Be kinde in harte.
*Be true in heart.
Constant ile be my dear to thee.
*Conseal consent . confirm content.
Continue constant.
*Content is a treasure.
Content supplyes all want.
Content suplies all wants.
Continve in Loue.
Content is the truest riches.
Christ & thee are all to mee.
Christ for me hath chosen thee.
*Condemn Him not bvt hye Hm in -\
For kindnes that before hath bin. j
*Direct . our . waies . Lord . all . our .
daye 1521.
De nos ^ ^ le deser sac'nplise.
Direct our wayes lord all our dayes.
":fEndless is my Love as this.
ESPOIR . EN . DELV.
Ever true my Dear to you.
Fear the Lord and rest content ^
So shall we live & not repent bw 1730J
FEARE # God E F M.
■* FEAR . GOD . EVER.
*Fear God love me.
From thee my Love shall nere remove.
From Him thats far remote.
*God grant we may be such a pair, as
Isaak and Rebeka ware.
*God knit this knot unty it not.
*God above send peace and love.
*Godly love will not remove.
*Gods blessing be with me and thee.
God all one of two makes one.
God did forefee whats best for me.
God hath sent my ^ content.
# Geve . God . the . prayse #
God unite our harts arite.
Gods blessing be on thee and me.
# Godlynes . is . great . riches .
*God for me apointed thee.
*God did decree our unity.
*God aboue increafe our loue 1655.
Godly love will not remove.
God hath sent my heartes content.
God alone made us two one.
God did decree that it should be.
*God above keep us in love R.T. 1724.
Godly love will not remove.
God doth forsee whats best for me.
*Gods decree fulfiled have we.
Gods blessing be on y & me.
God above send us love.
God above send peace & love.
God alone of two made one.
God above joyne our love.
*Gods providence is our inheritance.
God bless K. Wm, & O. Mary.
God decreed and we agreed.
God bee our guide.
God of peace our love increafe.
Godly love will not remove.
God the Father brought us together.
God above joyne us in love.
God be my defender.
*God continue our faithful love.
*God for ever bless us together.
*God and thee, my comfort be.
Gods secret purpose and decree, is
manifest in chusing thee.
*God hath me sent my harts content.
Gods directions joyned our affections.
*God hath sent my content.
*God alone made us two one.
*God of peace true love increase.
*God I pray our happinesse injoy.
*God increafe fayth, love and peace.
*Hearts united live contented.
*Hearts . content . cannot . repent .
* Honoured for thy virtues.
*Happy in thee hath God made me I. A.
Honored for thy virtue.
Heavens bless with happyness.
*Honor . God . in . everi . place.
I restless live yet hope to see "j
That day of Christ, and then see thee, j-
L.P. 1656.J
Ile constant prove to the my love.
I lick [like] I loue I liue content L ^
I made my chois not to repent. r.a.J
*In constancie Ile live and dye.
In God aboue and Christ his foune \
We too are joyned both in one. J
I like my choise.
•fc In . God . is . my . trost -*
In trust be juste.
*
I 1 8 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
*In thee my ohoycc I do rejoycc.
I love and like my choice.
I (fancy noe but thee alone.
*In Christ and thee, my comfort be.
*ln God and thee my joy shall be.
Joyned in one by God alone.
■fc I joy to find a constant mind.
*I have obtain'd whome God ordained.
I gave it thee my love to be.
In thy sight is my delight.
*In God and thee all comfort be.
Joyned in one by Christ alone.
I have obtain'd as God ordain'd.
I do rejoyce in thee My choyce.
Jaime mon Choix.
*I love and like my choice.
In Christ alone we two are one.
*I cannot show the love I owe.
*In Love abide till death devide.
*In unity lets live & die.
I am your lott refuse me not.
In thee I find content of mind.
I bed adue to all but you.
In hart loue mee.
In thy brest my heart doth rest.
^ In . God . is . my. trust only.
I like my choyfe to wel to chainge.
yfc If this then me. LP.
*In thy brest my heart shall rest.
I chuce not to chainge.
*If God say so, Who'dares say no.
*If live if I. If no I dye.
*I long to be made one with thee.
*I wish to thee, as to myself.
*If not, how then.
Keepe faith till death.
Knitt in one by God alone.
Knotts of love are knitt above.
*Love fixt on vertu lasteth.
*Let us live in Love & sarve the Lord
above.
*Love is the thing I wish to winne.
*Let God be our guide.
►J^ LET . RESON . RULE .
*Lctt vertue be thy guide.
Let Reason rule affection.
Let us contest which shall loue best.
Let vertue be a guide to thee.
Let us fear God and live in love.
Live love & be happy.
*Love is the bond of peace.
Let me with thee stil happy be.
Live in love like faints above.
Let reason rule affection.
Love & Live happy.
Love as I or else I dye.
Let virtue still direct th will.
Let us share in joy and care.
Love me ever or Love me never.
Let vertue rest within thy breast.
Let's fix our love on God above.
Let your life shew your love.
Let our contest bee who loves best.
*Lett Love abide till death devide.
*Love intire is my desire.
Lett death leade love to rest.
Love is the bond of peace.
*Love for Love.
Love may make fadd, shall never make
me madd.
(5) Love my memory.
* Love unites deth parts nmr 1769.
Love merits all things.
*Love as I, or else I die.
Love alone made us two one.
Lord lincke our harts in lasting Love.
*Love never dyes where vertue lyes.
Let mee in thee most happy bee.
Live in love and feare the Lord.
Let us in love ferve God above.
Love and feare God.
*Let love and peace as dayes increase.
*Loves delight is to unite.
f MVLIER . VIRO . SVBIECTA . ESTO .
My love is fixed, I will not range, -j
I like my choice too well to change. J
My Heart I bind where faith I find.
My HAPIE CHOYS MY SECRET IOY.
My . you . have . & yours . I . crave.
(5) It will interest the lovers of the gentle art to know that Izaak Walton, in a
codicil to his will dated 1683, bequeathed about forty rings, the value of which was to
be 13s. 4d. each, and on those given to his family the mottoes were to be, " Love my
memory. I.W. obiit," and on one for the bishop of Winchester, "A mite for a
million. I.W.," and on the others, " A friend's farewell. I.W. obiit."
A CHAPTER ON POSIES,
II9
*My promise past shall ever last.
My happy choyce makes mee rejoyce
My ^ lives where it loves.
My giving this begins my bliss.
*My love to thee shall endles be.
My love is true to none but you.
May Christ and we united be.
*My Love and I till death divide.
*My Heart is fixt I will not range, ^
I like my choice too well to change. J
*Not That in me but bowes to thee.
^ NO . JEWELL . TO . TRVTHE.
No lack where love is.
None to me so dear as thee.
No love more true than mine to you.
No treasure to a true friend.
No choice to me like Christ and thee.
Not the valew but my love.
*No riches like content.
None to me I love like thee.
*None can prevent the Lords intent.
*Noe recompence but love.
Nos ^ ^ unis en Dieu.
*Not VALEU BUT VERTV.
Never to change.
*No Frinde to Faith.
*Not Lost but gone before.
Not a truer heart alive.
. Onlie'. Honistie.
O Lord direct us and protect us.
Our Loyal Love was made above.
Ora Pro Nobis wsu
Once myne and ever thine.
Patience is a noble vertue.
*Providence divine hath made thee mine.
Peace exceeds gold.
*Qui Dedit de Debit.
*Rather die than faith denny.
*Remember y giver.
Remember me when this you see.
Rather dye than faith denny.
*Such likeing in my love I finde "|
That none but death shall change my j-
minde. J
Since God hath thee for me create ^
Nothing but death shall seperate. J
Such liking in my choice I have \
Nothing shall part us but the grave. /
*Time will trye realyty.
To Gods decree wee boath Agree.
This take for my sake.
TO BODYS ON HARTE.
Thee love will I until I die.
The Lord us bless wth good success.
To love and peace God gives increase.
True love is endless.
This & the giver is thine for ever.
'Tis thy desert hath woone my heart.
Tho the world hath strived to part \
Yet God hath joyned us hand & heart. i
THEM . WHICH . GOD . COPLETH . LET
NO . MAN . PVT . THEN . ASONDAR.
True lovers hearts death only parts.
Tho little accept it.
True love made us one.
The God of peace true love increase.
*To thee I wish eternal bliss.
Two Soules one hart, till death
depart.
*The Love is true that I O U.
*True till death.
*The just shall live for ever.
*Thy Vertu is thy honour.
*Twas God to thee directed me.
*The yock of Love is swieth. (The yoke
of love is sweet.)
*The Gift is small but Love is all.
*United ^ ^ death only parts.
Virtue is thy honour.
*Virtue and love is from above.
Vertue gainth glory.
Virtue in thee a crown to me.
Who feares the Lord are blest wee see^
Such thou and I God grant may bee. J
* Wit wealth & beauty all do well ^
But constant love doth far excell. J
Win gold and wear it a f.
We two make one by God alone.
When this you se remember me.
We are joyned in one by God alone.
Wheare heartes agree no strif can be.
Where Hearts agree there God will be.
We will shear in joy and care.
Where hearts agree love will bee.
Whom God ordain'd I have obtain'd.
Whats Gods intent none can prevent.
What God ordain'dcan't be refrain'd. A.s.
*When ^s unite the love is right.
*When this you see think well of me.
*We are one through God alone.
120 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
*Yours in heart. You and I will lovers die.
*Yours if you may. * # You . have . my hart.
Yours am I assuredly.
These three hundred and fifty examples are only a few of the many
that arc recorded. Here is a well-known posy that has been attributed
to Lady Cathcart, who on marrying her fourth husband, Hugh Maguire,
in 171 3, used these hopeful lines on her wedding ring : —
" If I survive,
I will have five."
Bishop Coke had a hand, a heart, a mitre and a death's head
engraved on his wedding ring, with the posy : —
" These three I give to thee
Till the fourth set me free."
English literature of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries abound
with references and allusions to these most interesting rings. To quote
from Herrick : —
" What posies for our wedding rings,
What gloves we'll give, and ribbonings.-' (6)
And again-
Julia, I bring to thee this ring,
Made for thy finger fit,
To shew by this that our love is,
Or should be, like to it.
Close though it be, the joint is free,
So when Love's yoke is on,
It must not gall, or fret at all
With hard oppression ;
But it must play still either way,
And be, too, such a yoke
As not too wide to overslide,
Or be so strait to choke.
So we who bear this beam must rear
Ourselves to such a height
As that the stay of either may
Create the burthen light.
And as this round is nowhere found
To flaw, or else to sever,
So let our love as endless prove,
And pure as gold for ever." (7)
(6) Hesperides.
(7) Amatory Odes, lxxxvi.
A CHAPTER ON POSIES.
121
Here are some pious lines by George Herbert in a poem called
" The Posy "—
" Let wits contest,
And with their words and posies windows fill,
Less than the least
Of all Thy mercies is my posy still.
This on my ring,
This by my picture, in my book I write ;
Whether I sing,
Or say, or dictate, this is my delight.
Invention rest ;
Comparisons go play ; wit use thy will ;
Less than the least
Of all God's mercies is my posy still."
Here is a posy that has a most un-English motto, and may in the
good old times have been imported from our West Indian possessions,
although something like it is found in the " Song of Solomon " : — (s)
" I am blacke but comely."
And here again is another of the most contradictory character, for how
anyone could follow the latter clause of the posy and obey its first
precept is a problem hard to solve : —
" Feare God, and lye abed till noone."
In bringing this rhyming record to a close, I hope our unmarried
lady readers will each and all determine that when their wedding day
comes, the ring will bear a posy on its inner surface, with the initials
and the date of marriage. By doing so the ring will not only be here-
after in itself a record of extreme family interest, but will also, from
the character of the posy upon it, reflect the mind and thought of the
wearer. What could be a more appropriate and beautiful wedding
benison than
" God be a guide to thee, my Bride."
The custom has been revived in my own family, and one ring has
upon it : —
" Direct our ways Lord, all our days."
Another, while it has no posy, has the initials and date of marriage of
my paternal ancestress : —
"L. A. R. [Lucy Ann Rouviere] Feb. 20, 1722."
(8) Chap, i., verse 5.
122 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII/KOLOOICAL SOCIETY.
This ring but for its inscription would long since have been either given
away or melted down. The posy and the inscription give the ring not
merely an additional charm, but tend to its preservation long after the
wearer has passed away, and her memory would only remain, to be
possibly remembered in another posy, copied from a girdle : —
" My joy, my grief, my hope, my Love,
Did all within this circle move."
ground CorK with "per\ arid pencil.
ARMORIAL STONE IN BLARNEY STREET.
HE crusades which for so long absorbed and destroyed
the flower of the world's chivalry, and, costing so
much, gave so little in exchange, survive in one of the
least of their results. When the armed representatives
of Europe met to give battle to the swart Paynim, and
to rescue the sepulchre of Christ from the unbeliever,
it became a matter of impossibility to distinguish one
knight or officer from another, covered as they all were cap-a-pie in
" complete steel." Hence arose the necessity for adopting some external
symbol or emblem by which individual identity could be ascertained.
The shield, being the most obvious of the knight's accoutrements, was
the place necessarily chosen. Then, when the western combatants had
finally withdrawn from the arena of war, the families of the heroes, proud
of their exploits, preserved as their own the symbol or emblem by which
their warrior ancestors were distinguished. Thus pride continued what
necessity had originated ; and luxury, in the course of ages, developed
into the science of heraldry. Hence also the quaint and, to the uninitiated,
bewildering terminology, in which the latter loves to express itself. The
bars, crosses, lozenges, crescent, increscent and decrescent moons ; the roses
and trefoils, and the figures borrowed from the animal world, with
illumination of or, azure, argent, and so forth, however hieroglyphic to
most eyes, are yet to him who knows as intelligible and voluble as his
mother tongue. And to such, the complaint of Laertes, when storming
over the death of poor old Polonius, is by no means unreasonable. They
had placed
" No hatchment o'er his bones ! "(*)
(0 " Hamlet," act vii , scene 4. Pope's edition.
AROUND CORK WITH PEN AND PENCIL.
123
As an aspirant to the sacerdotal order passes through regular grada-
tions of sub-deacon and deacon before he becomes a priest, so in ages
when the profession of arms and the Church divided the business of men,
the life of a gentleman consisted of three periods. He was first valletus,
one who had not yet put on the arms of a soldier ; secondly, scutifery a
shield bearer, or one who accompanied a knight ; thirdly, armiger, one
who bore arms.
The age of chivalry is gone, but " like the peak of a submerged
world," its ghost, painted and varnished, looks upon us from the panels
of our carriage doors !
The armorial stone here reproduced illustrates very interestingly and
locally what we have alluded to. The little almshouse in Blarney Street
was endowed, Smith informs us, by " Mr. Jonas Morice for the poor of
the people called Quakers." He cannot have visited the place, for his
I24
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
statement is incorrect in almost every particular. A square limestone
slab inserted over the doorway has the following inscription : —
"This almshouse was erected for mostly poor aged Protestants, and endowed by
Abraham Morris in the year 1 721."
The stone, which gives the arms of the founder of the charity, and
seems to have escaped notice for a considerable period, is built into the
wall behind the hall door, and is so encrusted with whitewash and dirt
that some of the details can be only guessed at, whilst the motto is
entirely filled up ana! undecipherable. It measures forty-four inches by
thirty-four inches, and is a beautiful piece of sculpture. One would wish
to see it rescued from its present position and placed in the School of
Art, an attention which it well deserves, since it is not only historically
but artistically interesting.
The arms for Morris, according to Burke, are " Sable, a saltire
engrailed argent." This would agree with the coat, but he does not
include the cross in the fess point of the shield.
It is impossible to determine the impalement of a cockatrice, as the
tinctures and metal of the shield have been obliterated. The families of
Drake, Langley, Eye, Oussethorpe, Dalton, etc., all bear a cockatrice.
Abraham Morris was probably a relative of
^e mercnant who issued one of the earliest
t^W^f] r dM^^l known Cork tokens, and who was mayor of
X^^^fel^ Cork in 1659. The latter is given in Lindsay's
Coinage of Ireland, and is very small, being
five-eighths of an inch in diameter. On the obverse are the Cork arms ;
on the reverse, around the margin, "Jonas Morris, of Cork"; and in the
centre in a ring the initials " I. M." over the date 1657. The print, here
given is from one of these tokens in possession of the writer.
J. P. D.
SOME BISHOPS OF CLOYNE. I 25
5ome ]3ishops of Cloyne.
By Very Rev. HORACE T. FLEMING, D.D., Dean of Cloyne.
EMPORA MUTANTUR" is what might be inscribed
over many places, but some more than others ; those
most which were once famous and whose fame has
declined, and probably those most of all where wealth
once existed which has since disappeared. Of such
places are the scenes of former ecclesiastical wealth,
such as the old monasteries and abbeys, and later,
the sites of some of the former bishops' palaces, now converted to other
uses.
Of the latter class the town of Cloyne is one ; it was the seat of an
ancient and famous and lucrative See, but its episcopal lands have been
alienated, and only a small portion remains of its ancient episcopal
palace. The bounds of the old bishops' lands are still to be traced — the
commons lands near the town, the demesne land round the former
episcopal residence, and some outlying portions now occupied by neigh-
bouring farmers.
The commons consist of a large level tract of land, now fenced in and
fielded, and yearly improving in condition. It was probably once a lake,
then a bog ; and in the old leases and records there are accounts of its
being the turbary of the town, and of so many kyshes of turf being
allowed to each householder — each kysh, seventy-two turf sods— or
assigned as a tribute from such persons to the bishop of the day. When
it ceased to produce turf it was granted by the bishops of the time as a
commons, and was probably a great convenience and accommodation to
many a poor town family as a place where they might pasture sheep or
donkeys, or allow their " noisy geese to gabble o'er the pool."
The bishops of the day were the lords paramount of the place, the
more so as the government had but very defective arrangements made
for law and police, and the bishops had inherited by law and custom
various rights and privileges. The old ecclesiastical court, not so long
since closed, was probably the original fount of local justice, which
gradually gave way to the more elaborate arrangements of the civil power.
The bishops had also the tolls of the town, no inconsiderable heritage
at one time ; and not very long before the See house was vacated by its
last bishop these tolls were granted by the bishop of the day to the town,
for the benefit of the poor. I have seen a copy of the grant.
126 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
The bishops also took care of the sanitation of the town — probably
very primitive ideas prevailed on this subject then, but records remain to
show that they looked after the dwellings of the inhabitants of the place.
These dwellings were very poor even to a late date ; there were those
recently deceased who told of the ranges of thatched one-story houses
where tall and substantial buildings now stand.
The income of the See of Cloyne at one time, owing to illegal aliena-
tion of its lands, was so small that it was called in derision " The See of
five marks"; but in later times some of the bishops, especially Bishops
Synge, Poole, and Crow, recovered the alienated possessions, and it
became a lucrative and important See. The tithes were paid in great
degree in kind — the tenth of the cattle, or the sheaves of the crops — and
there is still standing the remains of the bishop's barn, where his corn-
tithes were stored, and where, as I have heard from one who had seen it,
the flail never ceased to fling, winter or summer, to reduce the stacks of
wheat and oats and barley to a marketable condition.
The bishops, as my informant told me (he is now dead), who had
seen three in succession there, were most liberal in their donations to the
people. Realizing probably that most of those who contributed to their
wealth did not receive their religious ministrations, they thought it right
of what they got to make a generous use ; and he said that when the
bishop, as he described it, drove out, which he did every day at a certain
hour when at home, as soon as the wooden gate was thrown open his
carriage was surrounded by a large crowd of the poorer inhabitants of
the town who came for largesse ; and they used not to be disappointed,
for the bishop always had ready a fair share of five-penny bits which he
distributed, or gave for distribution, among the poorer people. It was a
simple, a rough and ready way of out-door relief when none other such
existed ; probably not the best sort, but certainly better than none ;
probably not more productive of poverty — if at all so — than our present
system, and it may be more in accordance with the principles of charity
than our legally imposed contributions — certainly more productive of
gratitude. My poor informant, who had been compelled more than once
to seek temporary shelter in the neighbouring workhouse, and whose
relations or friends had been known to him to have been formerly the
recipients of this episcopal largesse, used to contrast, almost bitterly, the
two systems ; the workhouse he only regarded as a necessary evil, the
other he spoke of as a blessed form of benefaction which he, for one,
never forgot.
"Ah, sir, those were the good times when the poor were not for-
gotten." He used to speak of this one thing, which comes nearer to the
heart of the poor, with enthusiasm — in the spirit of Edmond Burke
SOME BISHOPS OF CLOYNE.
127
lamenting the decadence of chivalry — as if nothing like this now existed,
and that charity had departed from the earth. The liberality of the
bishops, as he remembered it, also appeared in another form — in the
large expenditure of their households. It would have been quite
possible for any one of them to have drawn their large incomes and
kept the proceeds for themselves and their descendants, but they none
of them acted so. Liberal expenditure to the verge of prodigality was
the rule of the times. The Stock Exchange either did not exist as now
it does, or was very much neglected ; they probably spent yearly what
they received, and they spent it where they received it — this also was
what he dwelt upon. When asking him on what scale the expenditure
was, how much was spent yearly in the town by the bishops of the day —
" Ah, sir, the bishop's butler used to spend more in Cloyne in one year
than any of the families of the gentry does now." It was a survival of
the old ecclesiastical system, that if the church received much in offertory
from the faithful she returned much in charity.
The palace then was the centre of the refinement of the town and
neighbourhood, at least at comparatively early times, and this refinement
was from the palace reflected upon all its surroundings. It was probably
Bishop Crow who planted the demesne with those stately trees, some of
which still remain ; it must have been nobly wooded when they were in
their prime. The bishops' lands were not only bounded along the roads?
but also traversed round the fields by wide ditches, which mostly still
remain, not probably in all their original height or width ; and these
ditches, six to eight feet in width, were planted with this timber on both
sides ; and in the centre, all along their length by the roads and through
the fields, there were made and kept gravelled walks, and along these, in
summer time, the palace party used to appear, dressed in the rich and
elaborate attire of those days. The whole town used to turn out to gaze
on the gay scene, and give and receive words of mutual kindness and
recognition. This the old man used to detail with great delight, being
no doubt as usual a laudator temporis acti, but also as recalling some of
the bright visions of his youth, which sadly contrasted with the sordid
and squalid circumstances that marked his declining days. This also
was a relic of olden time, when the lord and his lady used to show them -
selves among their retinue before their old castles. While the remains
of feudal glory still lingered around the houses of the great they shared
their splendour, they gave back as they could what they had gotten, and
as it was given so it was received. The grace of the act may not have
been acknowledged by word, but it was recognised in the heart, and the
generosity of the act took away all possible feelings of jealousy. All
could not be rich, but the reflection of riches was thus cast upon all, and
128 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII/KOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
the wealth of the one was regarded as the common property of everyone.
They were all on an equality in an enjoyment derived from wealth in
that way.
The liberal arts, so to speak, were very much cultivated then.
Dr. Caulfield remarks how the generous intellect of Bishop Berkeley
introduced much social refinement. The old square tower that stands
near Cloyne on the hill, in the midst of a clump of trees on the road to
Castlemartyr, popularly attributed to Bishop Brinkley as a place for
observing the midnight skies, was, as I have heard, built by Bishop
Bennett for more social purposes — music and afternoon gatherings were
held there. About and before this time tea had come much into vogue ;
its use became general, and the price was not at the first prohibitive
rate. Mr. Gillman, in his interesting paper on " Cronodymore," relates
how a lady of that place built a tea tower, and probably this was for the
same purpose. This was a time when such intellectual entertainments
were not common in society.
Of this Bishop Bennett, my informant, often spoke. He remembered
his face and figure well. Bishop Bennett was a many of very consider-
able learning, and his literary productions were also considerable. In
order to obtain perfect security from interruption he had a somewhat
peculiar arrangement made. On the rocky height overlooking the entry
to the caves of Cloyne in the Bishop's grounds at the end of the grove,
called "the rock shrubbery," leading from the palace garden to the
caves, where the philosopher bishop loved to walk and meditate,
Dr. Bennett had a reading room of wood. It was of the shape of a large
hogshead, circular. It turned on a pivot of iron sunk in the rock, and
according as the wind blew the occupant moved it round, so as to have
complete shelter. Here he had books and paper and materials for
writing. Probably it was only in summer months or fair weather that
he resorted to it, but it was well known, and sometimes the urchins from
the town used to come and turn the structure round until assailed from
inside by the Bishop thus rudely interrupted.
Bishop Brinkley also he spoke of — his liberality, and especially his
love of the cultivation of flowers ; that the entire space at the south of
the old palace facing the cathedral was one maze of flower beds, and
in summer one blaze of blossom.
" He had, sir, a head gardener, an under-gardener, and four men
under them all the year round." Allowing for some pardonable exag-
geration, the worthy bishop must have had a delightful, though costly,
collection of flowers, and thus gave great employment in the town.
With the decease of Bishop Brinkley the reign of the bishops of
Cloyne ceased, and it had no inglorious ending. Probably no class of
SOME BISHOPS OF CLOYNE.
men more honourably rilled their lot in life than those bishops of whom
I have written these notes.
Cloyne was always an ecclesiastical place. Her old pipe-roll connects
it with the episcopacy of many ages ago. The " regiment of bishops,"
to use the phrase of Hooker, was in Cloyne in early times a very severe,
if not despotic one, derived, however, not from Church laws alone, but
rather from a grafting on such laws the rude customs of Irish life. The
bishop then, being lord paramount, could take their sons and daughters,
sequester their goods, and exercise a power apparently amounting to
that of a master over slaves. Whether they did so or not is another
thing.
In those early days the ideas of liberty were not far advanced, but in
the latter times, and towards their close, their rule was one of generosity,
and towards those whose religion was different from their own one of
kindness and fatherly affection.
Besides the benefits accruing to the town of Cloyne from the residence
of the bishop himself were those of the clergy who were associated with
him. The Vicar-General lived there. The visitations brought many
clergy to the place once a year. The residence of the canons gave an
additional element to the society of the town.
All this has passed away now. Many years since the residentiary
houses assigned to each of the prebendaries have been alienated. The
" Dean's Garden " is still the name of a plot of ground in the centre of
the town. The old palace has disappeared in a disastrous fire some
years ago, and the old cathedral remains the sole memorial of those
bygone days.
jNfotes on the Council J3ooK 0/ ClonaKilty,
Now in the possession of the Rev. J. Hume Townse?id, D. D.
Collected by DOROTHEA TOWNSHEND.
VIII.
At a court held for said burrough on St. Luke's day, being the 18th
CloughnakiUy of 0ctober> I7I7, Mr. Richard Sweet, one of the free burgesses of the
' corporation, pursuant to the nomination and appointment of the Rt.
HonWe Henry Lord Barron of Carleton, lord of the said burrough, was sworn suffrain
of the said burrough, and had the ensigns of authority delivered to him by the present
suffrain and undernamed burgesses.
Arnold Gookin, Richd. Cox,
Robert Travers, William Hull.
Ran. Warner,
9
130 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII/EOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
At the same court John Mead and Nicholas Bennett were sworn Serjeants.
Richd. Sweet, Suffrain, Arnold Gookin.
Rout. Tr avers.
At the afforsaid court the customs of this corporation was set by Richard Sweet, esqr»
suffrain, to Phillip Pyne for thirty-one pounds, to be pd. in three equal paymts, viz.,
the first of o>er, the 26th of March, and the 29th of 7h*r following, and Robert Spiller is
security. Richard Hungerford, Dept. Record1--
g j ^ The general sessions of the peace held for sd. burrough the 18th
Cloughnakilty °f June> before Richard Sweet, esqr» suffrain, and the under-
named burgesses.
Jurors' Names. — Edward Warner, Henry Hayes, John Hayes, John Teap, Samuel
Gilbertson, Florence Donovan, Nicholas Bennett, John Bennett, Edward Spiller,
Daniel Carty, John Bateman, Phillip Pyne, Ferdinando Spiller.
At a court held for the said burrough on Fryday, the 25th of July,
Cloughnakilty I?l8' the honble S" Richard Cox' bart-» Co11' John Bourne- and the
' Revd Mr. William Hull were chosen and elected to be presented to
the Honble Henry Lord Carleton, to the end that one of them may be nominated and
appointed to be suffrain for the ensuing year, according to his Majesty's most gracious
grant in that behalfe.
Richard Sweet, Suffrn., William Hull,
Robert Gillman, John Bourne,
Arnold Gookin, Richd. Cox.
„ , , At a court held for the sd. burrough on Wednesday, the oth of
lSurrou&h ole
Cloughnakilty. 0ctober» *7l8i Thos- Sealy and Willm- Morphy, gent., were sworn
' freemen before Richard Sweet, esqr> suffrain.
Richd. Sweet, Suffrn.
Burrou h de At a C°Urt held f°r Sd* burrouS^ t^ie l8tn of %her' r7l8i being Saint
n h hit Luke's dav> Jonn Bourne, esqr> pursuant to the nomination & appoint-
' ment of the Rt. Hon^e Henry Lord Carleton, was sworn suffrain for
said burrough for the ensuing year, and had the ensigns of authority delivered to him
by the late suffrain and undernamed burgesses.
RlCHART SWEETT, ROBT. GlLLMAN,
Robt. Travers, John Townesend,
William Hull, Arnold Gookin.
At the same court John Mead and William Munroe were sworn Serjeants.
. At a court of record held for the sd. burrough the 22nd day of 8ber,
urroug of g ^efore j0hn Bourne, esqr. suffrain, Fardinando Spiller was
Cloughnakilty. •[ , _ , ' ^ , . , . 1 r
sworn constable, and John Bennett thithing man.
At a court held for the said burrough the 3rd of June, 17 19, by the
urroug e un(jernamed suffrain and burgesses, William Mead, esqr> was sworn
one of the free burgesses of this corporation, in the room of Mr. Richd.
Sweet, deceased, pursuant to his Majestie's most gracious grant in that behalfe.
John Bourne, Suffrn., Arnold Gookin.
Robert Travers,
At the same court Roger Healy and Willm Hea of Timoleague, were sworn freemen.
NOTES ON THE COUNCIL BOOK OF CLONAKILTY.
B ro h d ^ a court ^or t^ie sa^ burrough on Saturday, the 25th of July,
CI h k'lt by tne undernamed suffrain and burgesses, S*- Emanuel Moore,
' Emanuel Moore, esqr> and John Townesend, esqr< were elected and
chosen to be return'd to the Rt. Honble Henry Ld. Carleton, in order to have one of
them return'd to serve as suffrain for the ensuing year, according to his Majestie's most
gracious grant in that behalfe.
John Bourne, Suffrn., John Townesend,
Joseph Jervois, William Hull.
Arnold Gookin,
Memor. — That at a court held for sd. burrough the 28th of 8ber, 17 19, the customs
of the fairs and markets are sett for the year to come to Samuel Gilbertson for thirty-
four pounds five shillings sterl.
Burro h de ^ a court ^or sa^ burrough on St. Luke's day, being the 18th
Clou hnakilt °^ Oct°ker> I7I9. J°hn Townesend, one of the free burgesses of this
' burrough, pursuant to the nomination and appointment of the HonbIe
the Lord Carleton, was sworn suffrain of the said burrough for the ensuing year,
and the ensigns of authority delivered to him by the late suffrain and undernamed
burgesses.
John Bourne, Arnold Gookin,
Emanuel Moore, Richard Cox, jun.
Richd. Cox,
At a court held for sd. burrough the 28th of 8ber, 1719, j0hn Mead
C/^ h*^ kit anc* Nicholas Bennett were chosen and sworn Serjeants for the year to
come before John Townesend, esqr. suffrain.
John Townesend, Suffn.
At a court held for sd. burrough on Wednesday, the 17th of
urro™& ' e February, 1719/20, Richd. Townesend, esqr> was sworn a free burgess
' in the room of Willm. Wade, esq1-, deceased, by the undernamed suffrain
and burgesses
John Townesend, Suffrn., William Hull.
At the same court Mr. Cornelius Townesed, Adam Clarke, and Daniel Carty,
attorney, were sworn freemen of the same.
John Townesend, Suffn.
Richard Townesend is probably the eldest son and heir of Bryan,
of Castletownshend. He was born 1684, and married in 1706 his first
cousin, Mary, daughter of Samuel Synge, dean of Kildare, and secondly,
Elizabeth, only daughter of Henry Becher of Creagh, by whom he had
three sons and three daughters. He died in 1742. There can be no doubt
that he was the Coll. Richard Townesend mentioned below July 25th.
Cornelius Townesend was of Clogheen, son of John FitzCornelius
and Mary Bowdler, and grandson of Cornelius, Colonel R. Townesend's
eighth son. The younger Cornelius married Elizabeth Strengways, and
left no children. His property descended to his nephew, a third
Cornelius, who sold it.
I32 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII/KOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
B urroug h of
Cloughnakilty
Burrough of
Cloughnakilty
At a court held for sd. burrough the 27th of April, 1720, Samuel
Kingston, of Kilgariffe, was sworn freeman of this corporation before
John Townesend, esqr> suffrain.
John Townesend, Suffn.
At a court held for sd. burrough on Monday, the 25th of July, 1720,
being St. James' day, the HonWe Sr Emanuel More, Coll. Richard
Townesend, and Coll. Emanuel Moore were elected and chosen, in
order to have one of them appointed for suffrain for the ensuing year before John
Townesend, suffn., and the undernamed burgesses.
John Townesend, Suffr., Arnold Gookin,
William Hull, Ran. Warner.
At the same court Mr. Edward Bradstone was sworn freeman of this burrough by
the above suffrain. John Townesend, Suffr.
Burrough of At a court there held the 7th of o>r> 1720, Mr. James Crooke, jun.,
Cloughnakilty. was sworn freeman before the undernamed suffrain.
John Townesend, Suffr.
Burrough de At the above court Nicholas Bennett and John Bennett were sworn
Cloughnakilty. Serjeants.
At a court held for the sd. burrough on Tuesday, the 18th of 8ber,
urroug e jy20f Dejng gt. Luke's day, Emanuel Moore, esq*-, one of the burgesses
' of this burrough, pursuant to the nomination and appointment of the
HonoWe Lord Carleton, lord of the soyle, was sworn suffrain for the ensuing year, and
had the ensigns of authority delivered to him by the undernamed suffrain and burgesses.
John Townesend, Ran. Warner,
Robert Travers, Arnold Gookin,
Willm. Hull, Robt. Gillman.
Burrough de At a court held for the said burrough Anthony Jobson, esq1-. Henry
Cloughnakilty. Alleyn, and James Copinger were sworn freemen.
Emanuel Moore, esqr» Suffrain.
At a court held for said burrough the 25th of July, 1721, the
urroug oj j^onbie Sr Percy Freke, bart, George Freke, and Richd. Townesend,
' esqrs> were elected and chosen to be returned to the lord of the
burrough, in order to have one of them appointed suffrain for the ensuing year
according to the charter, before the undernamed suffrain and burgesses.
Emanuel Moore, John Honner,
William Hull, Percy Freke,
Ran. Warner, John Townesend.
At a court held for said burrough on Wednesday, the 18th of 8ber,
urroug oj j^2I| being Saint Luke's day, Richard Townesend, esq., pursuant to
' the nomination and appointment of the Honble Henry Lord Baron of
Carlton, lord of the soyle, was sworn suffrain for the ensuing year by the undernamed
suffrain and burgesses.
Emanuel Moore, Ran. Warner,
Arnold Gookin, John^Honner.
Robert Travers,
NOTES ON THE COUNCIL BOOK OF CLONAKILTY. I 33
At a court held for sd, burrough on Wednesday, the 25th of July,
Bimrough of I722j gr Richard CoX) bart ( Sir Emanuel Moore, bart., and Sir Percy
' Freke, bart., were chosen and elected to be returned to the lord of the
burrough, in order to have one of them appointed suffrain for the ensuing year accord-
ing to the charter, before the undernamed suffrain and burgesses.
Richard Townesend, Suffn., Ran. Warner,
Robert Travers, John Townesend,
Willm. Hull, Arnold Gookin.
At a court held for the said burrough on Thursday, the 18th of 8ber,
CI h b ' k'ltv I'722' beinS Saint Luke's day, Sir Emanuel Moore, bart., pursuant to
' the nomination and appointment of the Rt. Honble Henry Ld. Barron
of Carleton, lord of the sd. burrough, was sworn suffrain for the ensuing year, and had
the ensigns of authority delivered to him by the undernamed suffrain and burgesses.
Richd. Townesend, Robt. Travers,
Richd. Cox, John Bourne,
Emanuel Moore, Arnold Gookin.
John Townesend,
^ ^ At a court held for sd. burrough on the 28th of ober, 1722, by
Clou hnakilty ^r Emanuel Moore, bart., suffrain, John Honner, junr. was sworn
' freeman of this burrough by the undernamed suffrain and recorder.
Emanuel Moore, Suffr.,
Richard Hungerford, Recorder.
At a court held for said burrough on Thursday, the 25th of July,
Claughnakilty. I?22' being Saint James' daY' the Rt Honble James Earl of Barry-
' more, the Honble Brigadier George Freke, and^ Captain Freke were
elected and chosen to be returned to the lord of the burrough, in order to have one of
them appointed suffrain for the ensuing year according to the charter, by the under-
named suffrain and burgesses.
Emanuel Moore, Suffrn., John Honner,
John Townesend, Randle Warner.
Arnold Gookin.
. At a court held for sd. burrough on Wednesday, the 28th day of
Cloughnakilty Au§ust' I723» Captain John Birde was sworn a burgess of this corpora-
tion in the room of the Rev. Mr. William Hull, deceased, by the
undernamed suffrain and burgesses, pursuant to the act in that case made and pro-
vided, notice being first published eight days on the markett house.
Emanuel Moore, Suffr., Randle Warner,
Richard Cox, John Bourne,
Richard Cox., junr. Arnold Gookin,
Emanuel Moore, junr, John Townsend.
At a court held for the said burrough on Fryday, the 18th of 8ber,
CloiivJmakilty l72?» Captain Henry Freke, pursuant to the nomination and appoint-
' ment of the lord of the burrough, was sworn suffrain of the said
134
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCll/I£OLOOICAL SOCIETY.
burrough for the ensuing year by the undernamed suffrain and burgesses, and had the
ensigns of authority delivered to him.
Emanuel Moore, Suffr., John Honner,
Ran. Warner, Arnold Gookin,
John Birde, John Townesend.
Robt. Travers,
October the 23rd, 1723. At a court held for the burrough of Cloughnakilty, John
Mead and Nicholas Bennett were sworn serjts.
Ha. Freke, Suffr.
At a court held for the said burrough the 22nd of April, 1724, by
Vnva-hJihi'ltu Harry Freke, esq1-, suffrain of said borrough, Col. John Honner, and
Mr. Arnold Gookin, free burgesses, James Spiller, a freeman of said
burrough, was by a majority chosen weighmaster for sd. burrough, and sworn
Cloughnakilty,
burrough, v
accordingly.
Harry Freke, Suffr., Arnold Gookin.
John Honner,
At a court held for sd. burrough on Wednesday, the 22nd day of
urroug oj ^ril, 1724., at three o'clock in the afternoon by Harry Freke, esqr>
' suffrain, Mr. Richard Hungerford, deputy recorder, and the under-
named burgesses, the following protest was enter'd to the proceedings of the above
court by the burgesses thereto subscribing.
Harry Freke, Suffr.,
Richard Hungerford, Dep. Record.
" Whereas Harry Freke, esqr> suffrain of the burrough of Cloughnakilty, attended
by Mr. Richard Hungerford, deputy recorder, Sr. Emanuel Moore, Coll. John Honner,
John Townesend, esqr> Mr. Arnold Gookin, Capt. John Birde, burgesses of said burrough,
called and held a court of record in and for the said burrough at the house of James
Spiller on the fifteenth of this instant April, and whereas the suffrain then and there
in open court did declare that he call'd said court with design to swear James Spiller
weighmaster of the sd. burrough in the room of Francis Hanglin, and all the sd.
burgesses except Mr. Arnold Gookin objected that it would be a hardship to displace
Francis Hanglin from being weighmaster, because he accepted of the place when no
other would, and when it was of no value, and behaved himself in it to the general
satisfaction and ease of the burrough, whereupon the suffrain finding he could not
carry it by the majorite of voices, then made an objection, and ah abridgment of the
late statute made for continuing and amending the laws in relation to butter and
tallow casks being produe'd to him, he declared he did not know whether the statute
was truly abridg'd, and said he wou'd adjourn the court to this day, being Wednesday,
the 22nd of April instant, and that he wou'd by this day produce the sd. statute, and
lay it before the court ; and pursuant thereto the court was adjourned by the recorder
to the usual hour, | an hour after ten of the clock ; that soon after the said suffrain,
with all the abovenamed burgesses (except Mr. Gookin), were at the house of Francis
Hanglin, where the suffrain then repeated that he would have the statute laid before
them, and thereupon the said burgesses promised to attend him this day in court.
Now the said John Honner sets forth that the said Harry Freke, suffrain, came to his
house yesterday, being the 21st inst., where he lay last night, on condition that the
said Honner wou'd go with him very early this morning to Cloughnakilty, pretending
NOTES ON THE COUNCIL BOOK OF CLONAKILTY. 1 35
to meet a butcher who bought sheep of him, and was farther treating with him about
some bullocks ; that accordingly the suffrain call'd me up very early this morning; that
we were not long in town before I asked the said suffrain where his servant was,
who told me he had sent him for the butcher ; that soon after the aforenamed Arnold
Gookin came to us, and then Nicholas Bennett, one of the Serjeants of the said cor-
poration, by order of the suffrain, call'd court, sd. suffrain, sd. Gookin, and myself
being present. I then objected that it was too early in the morning to call the court,
and that the court cou'd not be called regularly without the recorder, and that the
burgesses that promised were not yet come, and that his proceedings were not
according to law ; but the said suffrain said he was well advised, and he wou'd
immediately proceed and swear James Spiller weighmaster for sd. burrough, and
accordingly the said Spiller then and there was sworn weighmaster by the suffrain
and burgesses, tho' I then protested, as I do now hereby protest, against all the sd.
proceedings, as judging the court to be unlawfull, in testimony whereof I have hereunto
sett my hand this twenty-second day of April, 1724.
Henry Honner."
We, the undernamed burgesses of the burrough of Cloughnakilty, having read the
foregoing protest, are persuaded of the ilegality of the suffrain's proceedings this day
in a pretended court held by the sd. suffrain in sd. burrough at six o'clock this
morning, and we do hereby protest against the said pretended court as being
unlawfull, in testimony whereof we have hereunto put our hands this twenty-second
day of April, 1724.
Emanuel Moore, John Birde,
Richard Cox, John Townesend.
Randle Warner,
At the said court the dispute that was between the suffrain and
Cloughnakilty. ProtestinS burgesses in relation to the foregoing dispute about weigh-
' master is left to the opinion of Sir Richd. Cox, bart., whether the
court held by the soveraigne this morning is legal or not.
Har. Freke, Suffrn., Ran. Warner,
Emanuel Moore, John Townesend,
Arnold Gookin, John Birde.
Jonas Travers.
The court of record held for the said burrough the 29th day of
Cloug^Tnakiiy. Apri1, *724' by the undernamed suffrn., deputy recorder, and burgesses,
' the Honble S* Richard Cox, bart., having given his opinion to a new
election, Francis Hanglin, by a majority, was sworn weighmaster, and Robert Hanglin
deputy weighmaster, pursuant to the late statute made in that case.
Har. Freke, Suffrn., John Bourne,
Emanuel Moore, John Birde,
Richard Cox, Ran. Warner.
Richard Hungerford, Depy Recorder.
{To be continued.)
I36 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII/KOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Cork JVLfs., 1559-1800.
Being a Biographical Dictionary of the Members of Parliament for the
City, the County, and the Boroughs of the County of Cork, from the
earliest returns to the Union.
By C. M. TENISON, B.L., M.R.I. A.
O'Donovan, Daniel (The ©'Donovan).
M.P. Baltimore in James II. 's Parliament, 1689.
Son of Daniel O'Donovan by Gillis, daughter of Sir Roger O'Shaughnessy, of
county Galway. He was a colonel in the service of King James, and defended
Charles fort at Kinsale for the king with vigour, and surrendered " with his own
hand " the keys to the Earl of Marlborough, and made honourable terms.
In 1662 he received a testimonial from the English inhabitants of the barony of
Carbery, certifying that from his childhood he had lived inoffensively towards them,
and had been a loyal and faithful subject to his Majesty (Charles II.). In 1684 he was
put on his trial for high treason, but the proceedings came to nothing, though in 1692
he delivered himself to the high sheriff, being apparently "wanted" by the govern-
ment ; but he was not detained, or even prosecuted.
He married first, Victoria, daughter of Captain Coppinger, and had issue a daughter ;
he married secondly, in 1665, Elizabeth, daughter of Major Tonson, and had issue. He
was living in 1701. Ancestor of The O'Donovan.
O'Donovan, Daniel (or Donnell).
M.P. Doneraile in James II. 's Parliament, 1689.
Probably son of Richard O'Donovan, ll.d. (who died 1694), by Catherine Ronayne.
He was " of Dunamark." He (or the foregoing) was appointed portreeve of Baltimore
by the new charter granted by James II. in 1687.
He married Mary, daughter of Thomas Holmes, and was ancestor of a family that
recently lived in the city of Cork in very humble circumstances.
O'Donovan, Jeremiah.
M.P. Baltimore in James II.'s Parliament, 1689.
Son of Daniel MacMortough O'Donovan, of Clogh-a-tradbally and Rinogreny. Was of
" Donovan's Leap," county Cork. He had letters-patent from Charles II. (9th Dec,
1696), of various lands in Carbery and Courcey, and premises in the cities of Cork and
Dublin, in the town of Bray, and the barony of Duleek. He was chief of the clan
Loughlin, and a Protestant. Was appointed registrar of the Court of Admiralty in
Ireland by James II.
He married, 1686, Elizabeth, daughter of Oliver Tallant, and had issue. He died 1 709.
His son, Jeremiah O'Donovan, sold " Donovan's Leap " to Richard Tonson.
Oliver, Charles, of Clonodfoy, Limerick.
M.P. Midleton, 1695.
Son of Captain Robert Oliver, m.p. for Limerick county, 1661, by Bridget, daughter of
Andrew Ormsby. Was high sheriff of Cork, 1695 ; M.P. also for Limerick, 1703- 1706.
He married, 1670, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Percy Smith, of Ballinatray, and died
13th April, 1706, leaving issue (see Robert Oliver).
CORK M.P'S.
137
Oliver, Robert, of Clonodfoy (now Castle Oliver).
M.P. Castlemartyr, 171 3-14.
Son of Charles Oliver, m.p. (q.v.), and descended from Robert Oliver, "clerk of
munitions," Cork, 1612. Was colonel of Limerick militia ; ll.d. (/ion. cau.)T.c.D., 1709.
M.P. also for Kilmallock, 1703-13; county Limerick, 1715-27; Kilmallock, 1727 till his
death in 1747 (qy. 1738).
He married first, 1702, Katherine, daughter of Sir Robert Southwell, clerk to the
privy council and secretary of state for Ireland, and sister of Lord de Clifford; he
married secondly, 1705, Susannah, daughter and co-heir of James Knight, and had
issue ; {qy. he married thirdly, Valentina, third daughter of Sir Claud Hamilton, and
widow of Colonel Charles Blunt and Colonel Knight. Ancestor of the Cherrymount
and Castle Oliver (Clonodfoy) families. His daughter Jane married as first wife
Boyle Aldworth, and was mother of Richard Aldworth, m.p. (q.v.)
O'Neill, Charles.
M.P. Clonakilty, 1784-90; elected for Castlemartyr and Clonakilty, 1790,
and sat for the latter till 1797.
Said to be younger son of Charles O'Neill, of Shane's Castle, by Catherine, daughter
of Right Hon. St. John Brodrick, and brother of John (created Viscount) O'Neill.
Barrister-at-law, 1784; lived in Ely Place, Dublin, and subsequently at Monkstown
Castle.
He married Alice (or Jane), daughter of Francis Drew, of Drew's Court, and had
issue. His daughter Charlotte married Thomas Prendergast, m.p. (q.v.)
Orde, The Right Hon. Thomas (afterwards Lord Bolton).
M.P. Rathcormick, 1783-90.
Second son of John Orde, of Morpeth ; born 30th August, 1748; married, 1778, Jean
Mary Paulet, illegitimate daughter (and heir by devise) of Charles, fifth and last Duke
of Bolton. Was M.P. also for Aylesbury, 1780-84; Harwich, 1784-96. Assumed the
name of Poulett, 1795. Secretary to the Treasury ; governor of the Isle of Wight ;
created Baron Bolton 1797. Died 1807. Ancestor of present peer.
Ormsby, John, of Athlacca, county Limerick, and Ballyvenoge.
M.P. Charleville, 1695-99.
Eldest son of Arthur Ormsby, of Ballyvenogue, county Limerick, and grandson of
Arthur Ormsby, who in 1665 had grants of lands in counties of Cork and Limerick.
Was M.P. also for Kilmallock, 1692-95.
He married, 25th April, 1685, Elizabeth, daughter of Richard Kingston, and had an
only son, who d.s.p., and two daughters.
(Incorrectly called James Ormsby in Tuckey.)
Palmes, Lieut.-General Francis, of Dublin.
M.P. Youghal, 1715-19.
Probably a descendant of Francis Palmes, who had grants of land in Queen's County,
1563. He died 1719, when Francis Rugge (q.v.) was elected in his stead.
Parker, Brigadier-General Gervais, of Dublin.
Elected for Kinsale, 22nd October, 1731, but unseated.
A general of horse ; governor of Cork, and received the freedom of the city in a silver
box, 23rd January, 1726; governor of Kinsale, 1726; commander-in-chief in Ireland.
His return was petitioned against by Richard, Ponsonby (q.v.), and he was declared
to have been " miselected," and Ponsonby obtained the seat.
138 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Parker, Matthew, of Youghal.
M.R Clonakilty, 1766-68.
Son of John Parker, of Gortroe.
He married, 1740, Catherine Chinnery (sister to Sir Brodrick Chinnery and the
Bishop of Cloyne), and had issue one son and two daughters, the younger of whom
married Sir Henry Mannix, bart. (extinct).
Mathew Parker was a gentleman of some eccentricity, and he left the bulk of his
property, I believe, to the Lord Shannon of the day, and away from his own family.
Peere, Lott.
M.P. Baltimore, 1634.
Was secretary to Sir William St. Leger, Lord President of Muuster ; admitted to the
freedom of Youghal 4th February, 1627, on the same occasion that Sir William was
admitted, and is called "Lott Pierce" in the municipal records; freeman of Cork
27th June, 1628. He was elected M.P. for Baltimore on 21st June, 1634, and resigned
in the ensuing December, being "absent in England on special occasions," when
James Travers {q.v.) was returned in his place.
He was dead before 23rd October, 1652, when his widow and sons were residing
at or near Audley End, in Cambridgeshire.
Perceval, Sir John, of Buxton, bart.
M.P. Cork County 1661, till his decease in 1665.
Eldest son of Sir Philip Perceval, knt, commissary general of the king's army in
Ireland, 1641, by Catherine Usher.
He was born in Dublin 7th September, 1629 ; clerk of the Crown and Common
Pleas, 1655 ; admitted to the King's Inns, 1657 ; knighted by Henry Cromwell ; a
privy councillor ; created a baronet 9th September, 1661 ; prothonotary of the Common
Pleas, and one of the Council of the President of Munster.
He married, 14th February, 1655, Catherine, daughter of Sir Robert Southwate, of
Kinsale (she died 17th August, 1679, and buried at Kinsale).
He died in Dublin 1st November, 1665, and was buried in St. Audren's church
there. Ancestor of the Earls of Egmont.
Perceval, Sir John, Bart, (afterwards Earl of Egmont.)
M.P. Cork County, 1703-13; 1713-14.
Son of Sir John Perceval, third baronet, by Catherine, daughter of Sir Edward Dering,
bart., and grandson of the foregoing.
He was born 22nd July, 1683 ; succeeded his brother Sir Edward in the baronetcy,
1691 ; was admitted a burgess of Kinsale in 1708, and had his freedom in a silver box
" in consideration of the great respect" the corporation bore him. Was M.P. also for
Harwich, 1722, 1726, and 1727-34; a privy councillor; created Baron Perceval 1715,
Viscount Perceval 1722, and Earl of Egmont 1733 ; recorder of Harwich ; president of
the province of Georgia.
He married, 1710, Catherine, daughter of Sir Philip Parker a Morley (she died 1749).
He died 1st May, 1748, leaving issue.
Petty, Henry, of High Wycombe, Bucks, (afterwards Earl of Shelburne.)
M.P. Midleton, 1692-95.
Second son of Sir William Petty, m.p. {q.v.) He was ranger of the Phoenix Park,
Dublin; a privy councillor ; was M.P. also for Wat erf ord county, 1695-99; for Great
Marlow, 1715-22; High Wycombe, 1722-27; f.r.s. ; created Baron Shelburne 1699,
Viscount Dunkerrin and Earl of Shelburne 17 19.
He died 17th April, 175 1, without issue surviving. His sister Anne married
Thomas, first Earl of Kerry, and was ancestor of the Marquess of Lansdowne, who
inherits the Petty estates, and is also Earl of Shelburne of a subsequent creation.
CORK M.P'S.
139
Henry Petty married Arabella, fifth daughter of Charles Boyle (Lord Clifford), and
had issue a son, who d.s.p. v.p., and a daughter, Anne, who married Francis Bernard
(son of Francis Bernard, m.p., q.v.), but also d.s.p.
Petty, Sir William, Knt.
M.P. Kinsale and Bandon in Cromwell's Parliament, 1659.
The celebrated surveyor-general of Ireland, and author of the Down Survey ; son of
Anthony Petty, of Ramsey, clothier; was m.d. and physician-general to the army, 1652;
clerk of the council ; M.P. also for West Looc, 1658 ; Enniscorthy, 1661 ; knighted
1661 ; f.r.s. He married, 1667, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Hardress Waller, and widow
of Sir Maurice Fenton, m.p. {q.v.), and had two sons (who d.s.p.) and a daughter, Anne
(see Henry Petty). Lady Petty was created Baroness Shelburne 1688, and died 1708.
When Vincent °Gookin {q.v) surrendered his seat for these boroughs in 1659, Sir
William (then Doctor) Petty was elected. (See D.N.B., and Lord Edmond Fitz-
maurice's Life of Petty.)
Phillips, William.
M.P. Doneraile, 1703-13.
Fierce (or Piers), Henry, of Dublin.
M.P. Baltimore, 1613.
Son of William Piers, who came to Ireland in 1566, and was "a man of valour and
courage," and was governor of Carrickfergus and seneschal of county Antrim.
Henry Piers and Sir Thomas Crooke (q.v.) were the first two members for the
borough of Baltimore, which was incorporated 25th March, 161 3. He was of
Tristernagh, county Westmeath, and was secretary to the Lord Deputy. " By con-
versing with many of the Roman Church he turned to that faith against the advice of
his wife and her friends, and prevailed on some of his children to embrace that
religion." He travelled in Germany, Spain, Italy, etc., for eight years, and wrote an
account of his travels, which was amongst the MSS. in the Chandos Library.
He married Jane, daughter of Dr. Thomas Jones, archbishop of Dublin, and died
16th September, 1623, leaving issue. His grandson, Henry Piers, of Tristernagh, was
created a baronet 18th January, 1660, and was progenitor of the present baronet.
Pigot, Emanuel.
M.P. Cork City, 1735-60.
Eldest son of Thomas Pigot, of Chetwynd, Cork, by Jane, daughter of Sir Emanuel
Moore, bart. Free of Cork 8th November, 173 1.
He married first, Lucy, daughter of George Rogers, of Ashgrove, Cork, m.p. {q.v.),
by whom he was grandfather of Thomas Pigott, m.p. (q.v.) He married secondly,
Judith, daughter of Richard Warburton, and had issue.
Pigott, Thomas.
M.P. Midleton, 1783-90; 1790 till his death in 1793.
Son of George Pigott by Jane Warburton, and grandson of Emanuel Pigott, m.p. (q.v.)
He was a major-general in the army; governor of the city of Cork; M.P. also for
Taghmon, 1776-83.
He was born 13th October, 1734; married, 13th September, 1763, Priscilla, daughter
of William Carden, of the Queen's County, and died October, 1793, leaving issue.
His son, Lieut.-General George Pigott, was created a baronet 1808, and was
ancestor of the present holder of the title.
( To be continued).
140
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
jiotes and Queries.
LOCAL HISTORY, ANTIQUITIES, FOLK-LORE, Etc.
Contributed by R. J). : l)u hallow Hunt.
/. Grove While: "The Rise and Progress in Munster ok the Rebellion, 1642."
/. F. Lynch: Fragments.
Old Cork: Order ok "The Friendly Brothers ok St. Patrick."
Duhallow Hunt. — There are yet other buttons of the Duhallow Hunt in the
family of Captain John Brazier Creagh, of Creagh Castle, and of Mr. Brazier Creagh,
of Stream Hill, Doneraile, which have an important bearing on the history of the club,
as they prove conclusively that the Duhallows existed as a hunt club before a.d. 1800.
The buttons are of silver, and are inscribed "Duhallow Hunt revived, 1800."
R. D.
"The Rise and Progress in Munster of the Rebellion, 1642."— My
ancestor, Lieutenant John Downing (mentioned on page 73, vol. ii. second series of
the Joztmal), was a son of John Downing, esq. (married a daughter of — Travers, esq.),
of Ballymanah, county Tipperary, who died 1629. He was also of Ballymanah, and
afterwards of Hospital, county Limerick, and a captain in the army. When lieutenant
to Sir William St. Leger he defended the castle of Doneraile in 1642 against the
Irish rebels. He married Catherine, daughter of — Browne, esq., of Mullahiffe, and
had, with other issue, a son, John Downing, who rode with his brother in the
Horse Guards of Charles II., when in exile. He married and had issue. — Extract
from a family pedigree. J. Grove White.
Fragments. — The barony in which Lough Gur lies, now known by the name of
Small County, was formerly called Deis Beag. Its old inhabitants were a race of
Firbolgs named Mairtine, or Muirtine. These were subdued by three septs, called by
O'Heerin the O'Luain, the Ui Duibhrose, and the Ui Faircheallaigh. Dr. O'Donovan
says the last name is anglicised O'Farrelly, but that there is not one person of the
name to be found in Small County. I do not think that any trace of the occupation of
this tribe can now be found in Small County, but near Caherconlish there is a rock,
Carrigoreely/1) and a townland named from it, which preserves the name of the Ui
Faircheallaigh. Upon this rock are the ruins of a castle built by the Burkes, and a short
distance to the south is the site of a large rath which was dug out about eighty years
ago. The people have a story that a small stone figure of a man, with a sword at his
side, was then found, but that it vanished most mysteriously the night after its dis-
covery. Mention of Lough Gur is made in the account of the wars of Diarmaid Mac
Maoilnambo, king of Leinster, and Toirdhealbhach Mac Briain, with Donnchadh Mac
Briain. Toirdhealbhach was grandson of Brian Boroimhe, and foster-son of Diarmaid.
He was the rightful sovereign of Munster on the death of his father, Tadhg, who had
been assassinated by his brother, Donnchadh, in 1023. When Toirdhealbhach grew up,
he and his foster-father waged incessant war on Donnchadh. They destroyed the
(1) Carrigoreely represents the Irish C4Jltl415 U) r^OJJtcealUlo".
NOTES AND QUERIES.
I4I
ancient forts of Duntrileague, Loch Gair, burned Limerick and Emly, and inflicted
a crushing defeat on Donnchadh, near Sliabh Crot, in the glen of Aherlow.
In the year 1515a war broke out among the Fitzgeralds, and in the Annals of Loch Ce
we read, "The castle of Aine was captured from John, son of the Earl of Desmumha,
by James, son of the Earl ; and he then sits down before the castle of Loch Gair, which
was in great straits by him until the Sil-Briain, and the Sil-Cerbhaill, and the Cenel
Aedha sent him away from it." The Four Masters in giving an account of this, say
that "when the son of the Earl perceived the nobles of the army of the great race of
Brian approach, the resolution he arrived at was not to come to an engagement with
them, but to leave the town unharmed, and thus they parted with each other."
I now give from the Calendar of State Papers some extracts in which Lough Gur is
mentioned —
"Limerick, August gl/i, 1536. Ossory and some of the Council to Crumwell.
James Fitzjohn of Desmond has proclaimed himself Earl and joined O'Brien. Parlia-
ment adjourned to Limerick. The army marched to Cashel. Gray takes Desmond's
castle at Lough Gur."
"Limerick, August gtk, 1536. William Body to Crumwell. Castle Lok Kere taken
by the Lord Treasurer Butler, July 31st."
This Butler was the ninth Earl of Ormonde. He succeeded his father in 1539, but
in 1532 he had been appointed Lord High Treasurer of Ireland. In 1535 he was made
Admiral of the Kingdom, and Viscount Thurles, He laid claim to the Earldom of
Desmond in right of his wife, Joan, daughter to the eleventh Earl of Desmond. The
two entries refer to the same seizure, for Butler was acting under the orders of Lord
Deputy Gray.
"December lytk, 1537. Loghgyr. James, Earl of Desmond to Gray. Readiness
to serve the King. He never intended to offend, although he had suffered much wrong.
He will put in pledges on receiving the King's pardon."
This Earl was received into great favour by the King. He went to England in 1542,
bearing letters of recommendation from Lord Deputy St. Leger. On this occasion he
was appointed Lord High Treasurer of Ireland. Desmond was favoured in order that
he might be a counterbalance to the power of Ormonde. St. Leger, writing to King
Henry, says, " I thought it good to have a Rowland for an Oliver."
" Limerick, July yd, 1566. Sir Warhame Sentleger to Sir H. Sydney, Lord Deputy.
Meeting with the Earl of Desmond at Lough Kirr. Tenor of the Queen's letter to
Lord Deputy imparted to Desmond. Desmond's displeasure, courage, and power.
Necessity of ending the controversy."
" Castelleyehan, November 24th, 1 573. Justice Nicholas Walshe to the Lord Deputy.
Earl of Desmond met at Knockdalton by Rory Oge and Piers Grace. The Earl and
Countess put on Irish raiment at Lough Gur, and make a proclamation."
The people of Lough Gur have traditions of two great battles ; the one was fought
in Bloody Hollow, a little distance north of Knockfinnell, and the other was fought
near the stone circles to the south of Knocksentry. The people also relate that in the
days of Sarsfield, a farmer, named Rody Camden, was admitted into Tir na n-og by
Terren Glas, the gatekeeper of Lough Gur entrance. Rody held converse with Gearoidh
Iarla, the Fians of Erinn, and Cuchullainn. One thing which particularly struck him,
and which he related to his friends afterwards at Lough Gur, was that the Fians of
Erinn had nothing stronger to drink than metheglin ("mead"). In another story
I heard, Sarsfield, Galloping O'Hogan, and Tibbott Burke of Caherconlish, are cap-
tured at Lough Gur by an English leader named Gideon Grimes, and confined in the
Green Knight's apartment at Lough Gur, from which they are rescued by a nephew of
142
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Rody Camden, named Cos Redin, or the "brown-footed messenger," who takes them
through the subterranean passage under Kiiocklinuell to Glenoghra Castle, then
belonging to an Irish chief, named Hugh O'Ryan.
At the foot of Keillalough Hill there are several boulders which according to tradi-
tion were thrown hither from Kncckfiema by Donn Firinne, the powerful fairy-king
who rules over Mid-Munster, as Aibhin of Craig Liath does over North Munster, and
Cliodhna of Carrig-Cleena, near Mallow, over South Munster. The giant of Lough
Gur, who now peacefully rests in his dolmen at the foot of the hill, attempted to fling
these stones back again to Knocklierna, but only succeeded in throwing a stone as far
as Camas, near Bruff, where it now lies with the marks of the giant's fingers upon it.
One of these boulders at Keillalough is named Carraig na mbreug, "the rock of the
lies." Why this singular name I cannot say, but a similar term occurs as the name of
one of the hills in the Knockgrean range, near Pallas Grean, Carrigneihig, "the rock of
lies." One would expect better things, however, of a stone from Knockfierna, " the hill
of truth." Casting stones was a very favourite amusement with the giants and fairies
who roamed about Ireland in the good old times. The Fians also practised stone
throwing very much. It is said that Fionn McCumhaill counted it nothing to throw a
huge block from his palace on the hill of Allen to the hill of Howth, a distance of about
twenty miles. The opening verse of CatjI) C\)X)0)C 4r) 4J|l, or "Battle of the Hill of
Slaughter," is —
" <t>0 b4rr)4|l Ujle 4TJ pj4t) 4'f ¥)0\)X),
21 5-C07lt}'CJOr)Ol 4fl 41) 5-CT)OC fO f J4fl |
2I5 jmjtvc 4|l cle4|*4)b" lut,
fjr)rj 50 fub4C 45 c&)t)oi\) 1)45."
" We were all, the Fians and Fionn,
Assembled on this hill to the west ;
Engaged in athletic sports,
And merrily casting stones."
Saints also indulged a little in this pastime, and performed feats which would throw
even Fionns into the shade. "Casting" is, or was until very recently, a favourite
amusement with young men in the rural districts of Cork. The ancient Greek also
knew how to cast a stone, so I suppose we shall not be wrong in assuming that the
Celt and the Greek learned how to put a stone from their common ancestor, on some
Aryan hill in the days of long ago. Sir Herbert Maxwell, in Post Meridiana, writes,
" There is another remarkable feature about the gatherings (the Isthmian games),
namely, the unchanging character of the performances enacted at them. Assuming
the era of Homer to have been five centuries earlier than the inauguration of the
Isthmian games — that is, about B.C. 1000 — the sports which he enumerates as taking
place at the funeral of Patroclus were identical not only with those of the Olympian,
Nemean, and Isthmian celebrations, but strangely similar to a programme of the
present day. Chariot and foot races, boxing, wrestling, putting the stone, are counter-
parts of competitive exercises of the nineteenth century."
In the Book of Glendalough, quoted by O'Donovan in his Suppleme7it to O'Reilly 's
Dictionary, Cuchullainn is represented as standing on the top of Collchalli, or Knock-
aine hill, with his tutor, and pointing out to him the chief features of the district. The
territory immediately south of the hill he names Cliu Mail Mic Ugaine. This district
took its name from Mai, the son of Ugaine Mor, who was killed there. This must be
a pretty old district, for Ugaine is said to have been monarch of Erinn B.C. 600. In
NOTES AND QUERIES,
143
the " Tale of the Giolla Deacair, or ' Lazy Fellow,' " Fionn McCumhaill is resting on
this hill of Collchalli when the Giolla Deacair appears with his old horse, upon which
he induced twelve of the Fians to mount, and immediately carried them off to Tir-fa-
tonn, or "the land beneath the wave."
As I mentioned in a previous note, the legends of Aine are very much mixed up
with those of Gearoidh Iarla at Lough Gur. Like several great heroes of antiquity
Gearoidh Iarla had an immortal for mother. He was, according to a story I was
recently told, the son of the Earl of Desmond and Aine, and terrified the Earl's
English wife with the wonders he performed in her presence. One of these was to
change himself into a flash of fire, so that the Caislean dubh, or "Black Castle,"
seemed to be all in a blaze. Aine is known in the district by the name of Aine Cliar.
Tory Hill, or Cnoc-droma-Asail, owes its origin to Aine Cliar ; she intended presenting
the hill to Donn Firinne, to place it on the top of Knockfierna, and was carrying it
in her apron when its strings broke on her ! Aine used to come to Lough Gur in
a coach and four. This was the Cojfce bo'DAfl, or "deaf coach," which is also
known throughout the south and west of Ireland by the name of "headless coach,"
from the four horses having no heads, The term " bodhar " is applied to it from the
booming, deafening noise it makes. It is supposed to come for people who are
about to die, and it is speedy death to anyone who sees it. Sometimes it is empty,
and sometimes it is occupied by a banshee. Many superstitious fancies are fast dying
out, but, whatever be the reason, the peasantry strongly cling to the belief that the
coiste bodhar still goes its dreary rounds. J. F. Lynch.
Order of "The Friendly Brothers of St. Patrick."— Could any reader
of the Journal give the dates of institution and dissolution of the above Order ?
Old Cork.
Original pocun)ents.
3nDe£ Gestamentorum oUm in IReatetro Corcasta:.
No.
Name.
Year.
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
Bateman, Rowland, esq.
Bully, Laurence, of Keamagara
Boland, Barbara, of Corke, widow
Bradock, William, of Corke, staysmaker
Bleach, Robert, of Corke, cloathier . .
Bleach, George, of Corke, cloathier . .
Bourke, Anna, otherwise Dill
Bleach, George, of Corke, gent.
Bourne, Elizabeth, of Bandon, widow
Barron, John, of Corke, clothier
Besnard, Nicholas, of Corke, sailmaker
Bourne, William, of Bandon, cloathier
Bowden, Hester, of Kinsale, widow . .
Bax, Joseph, of Chetwynd, gent.
Barry, James, otherwise Treadeen . .
Brooking, Matthew, mariner
1753
1753
1753
1754
1754
1754
1754
1754
1755
1755
1756
1756
1756
1757
1757
1759
144 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
No.
Namk.
Ykak.
I7n
„VU
JM IIIIUIIJ, 1 llVMIltl.Tt, Ul V_/UI 1\C , ,
I759
•27 I
51 1
1 J V V * J" , V-J V> W I £^ , W I V-/ W 1 IV #t
1 7 Cn
1/39
IT*
5/ "
1 ^ 1 1 <<t oprl TVI irii ;i ol nf Tf ilitiorlv
1 1 > 1 1 1 1 1 1 iTi 1 ' 1 1 < 1 1 1 ( \) 1 1 1 1 1 fj^iy , , , ,
1 760
111
5/5
l\/>fT<iry M Mlfll / \ | l^*»iwl/\tl lAM/loiAP
J ^ofo^l J-Alllll, t>l DtUUHMl, WIUUVV , . , ,
. . . • 17 60
•5*7/1
374
JMlllY, I YluAtLIlUIL.1 j Ul lllu OUinCiloGl
. . 1 7^ 1
•27 c
375
xjyiilCj v^iidi itb, ui v^ui ivc, nijii.
, . . . 1 76 1
RATlflv Tolin of f^orlrf* iT^r^tli^ir*ni*\7
lJ*»,llliy, J U 11 J.J, Ul V^UJ JVC, cilJULUCLclly , , , ,
1 761
"277
Rsilnixyiti TVT?ir\f of c\v\r
j 76 1
•278
37o
Blurton, Ursula, of Corke, widow
. . 1 yC> 1
379
Bennis, Klizabeth, of Corkc, widow . .
. . . . 1 762
•2 So
5ou
X.M0IIUIJ, OUodllLld, Ul lYJLlodlu . . . ,
i7D3
J01
jjcduiioii, r laiiLitjj ui rvniiiaiuduy . , , ,
1763
302
Bennett, Henry, of Knockaneagirrea . .
. . 1763
3°3
IJdilllClUI, VVUIldlll, Ul XOdllLlUll , , , ,
1763
j°4
T^nrPiipll ToVin of frlpchppn
uii uij.cu 1 , 1 uiiii. u l uj laoiiccii , , » ,
1763
5°b
Trillin era 1 Tnomac: of T^aiictIqc;
J -> 1 1 1 l L i £^cl 1 , X llUlllClOj 1/UUclaO a • • a
T lf\1
I/O3
•286
D1UW11C, AAulliy, Ul V_y Ll 1 1 cXgll , , , ,
I7O3
•287
5°/
RIoqc; fri a rl of FnnicVpan
UlUoo, \^UdiiCo, Ul 1 ii J 1 1 oivca 1 i , , , ,
-2S8
300
Buck, Jonathan, of Corke . . t ,
. . 1 764
•280
j°9
Radfnti ToVin of C* nrV p*
XJdolUU, J Ullllj Ul V^UllvC . , , ,
T l(-\A
I/O4
39u
l-l^rr^ Tolin of frrQ n 1 1 r a
x^diiy, j uiiii, ui vjridiiuiu , , , ,
T 7 A/I
1704
OAT
39 1
T^/^Q 1 0 Tocp*r»Vi of (^orlVp*
JJCdlC, J UoCUll, Ul V^Ul JVC , , , ,
I7O4
392
JDlollUp, 1 llUIlldo, Ul IVllloalC , . , ,
1764
■302
5y5
T-s^rfpr nrViomac; of Inicihnnnnp
XJCKl IH. X i IU IIlClo. Ui J. 1 1 1 Oil VJ 1 1 <X i 1 , , t a
T ifciC
394
Budd, John, of Corke
.. 1705
one
395
I3Cdllllbll, VJCUlgC, Ul JJUUllCcil . , , ,
1765
39°
rs£HA"M\7 1 nATTlQC of I Ofl^'^
xjcwiy, x xiuiiido, ui v^uiivc , , , ,
1705
397
DlUWllCj ICICIXI*, Ul IVXLlbdlC , , t ,
T7AA
39s
Beads, John, of Ballinaheeny
I7OO
399
Blewet, Thomas, of Kinsale
I7DD
400
Barrett, Richard, of Douglas
. . 1766
401
Bready, Edmund, of Corke , , . ,
. . . . 1766
402
Burk, Margery, of Corke
. . 1767
4n3
Burk, David, of Corke
1767
404
RriTon TnAmoc of T?or*rifor,rlc! + **\txm
orydii, x iiuuiao, ui x\.uciiiuru.oiuwii , , , ,
405
Banfield, William, of Shinnagh
. . I7W
406
"RioWfoTO Tonri of Tv inco IP
JDILKIUIU, J Ullllj Ul I\lllbdlC , , , ,
t 1 At
1707
407
JDlcIlCl lldooCL, JACVU. X 11 U 111 do , , . ,
I767
4O O
Baldwin, Walter, of Rough Grove
409
JDUlllliyi JUdlllla, Ul V-/U11\C , . , ,
T7A8
4IO
Browne, Martha, of Corke
17°°
411
Birchfield, Jeremiah, of
412
Ua & VVUllj kJ Cl±±X LlV^lj Ul UUlIlV^ ■ « a *
1768
413
Broun, Revd. Samuel, of Corke
. . 1768
414
Barrett, John, of Ballinphilick
.. 1768
415
Beecher, Elizabeth, wife of John Beecher
1769
4l6
Bowden, George, the younger, of Kinsale
. . 1769
417
Baldwin, John, of Bandon, glazier
. . 1769
( To be continued.)
Second Series. — Vol. II., No. 16.]
JOURNAL
OF THE
Cork Historical & Arch^ological
Society.
Che Old Countess.
By M. T. KELLY.
N the province of Munster there exist numerous remains
of strongholds which formerly belonged to the haughty
barons and knights of the Southern Geraldines, who in
the Middle Ages successfully asserted their supremacy
over their Norman and their Irish foes and neighbours.
Among these castles, about four miles from Youghal
and situated on the bank of the river Womenagh, is
the ancient castle of Inchiquin, which was often given as a dower house
to widows of the Earls of Desmond, having been erected at an early date
by one of the Geraldines who came to Ireland at the invitation of the
traitor McMorogh of Leinster/1) Placed on rising ground, the circular
and massive walls, thirty feet in height and eleven feet in thickness,
must have been easily defended in lawless days, when Roches, Barretts,
(0 Dermot McMorogh's history needs no recapitulation, but there is a curious
description of his personal appearance yet extant. He was very tall, and extremely
stout in proportion, " a valiant warrior, and by reason of his continual hallowing and
crying his voice was hoarse. He rather chose to be feared than loved, was a great
oppressor of his nobility, but a great advancer of the weak and meaner sort. To his
own people he would be rough and grievous, and hateful to all strangers. He would
be against all men, and all mankind against him." — " Memoirs Earls of Desmond,"
Windele MSS. Royal Irish Academy.
[April, 1896.
146 CORK HISTORICAL AND AKCII/KOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
O'Sullivans, McCarthys, and Gcraklines could at any moment ride forth
to harry an entire country side at their own sweet will and pleasure/2)
In the fourteenth century Emmclinc, widow of Sir Gerald Fitzmaurice
of the Gcraldines, held this castle of Inchiquin as her dower for thirty-six
years. There stood beside the fortress a wooden building, in which were
two rooms and a kitchen and bakehouse, with a thatched roof, that did
not, however, shelter the oven. A court-yard, a stable, and two gardens,
valued annually at two and sixpence, comprised the immediate demesne,
while with the village for the serfs were also " six plowlands, meadows
pastures, groves, woods, mills with their courses, river streams, wcares,
and fishing,"(3) all of which constituted a fine estate for a widow of the
Geraldine house. The Lady Emmeline we have just mentioned, who
was heiress of Stephen de Longspee, had also the privilege of presenta-
tion to the village church, and her jointure was assessed at £60 9s. 3d., a
pound of wax, and a pound of cummin. She seems also to have been a
good woman of business, looking keenly after her rights, as she sued the
vicar of Youghal, who had forgotten to pay her his rent. Inchiquin
Castle is in the barony of Imokilly, which from its name, signifying
" woody land," was once covered with a forest as far as the sea, until the
trees being cut down and the soil brought under cultivation, the barony
grew fertile enough to be called the granary of Cork/*)
After Lady Emmeline's death the manor of Inchiquin passed out of
the possession of the Geraldines until 1370, at which period it became the
property of the Earl of Ormonde, to whom Henry V. granted part of the
revenues of the barony of Imokilly. It is supposed when the seventh
Earl of Desmond, known as " James the Usurper," was appointed
seneschal of Imokilly, Inchiquin, and Youghal, by his kinsman Ormonde,
then Viceroy of Ireland, that the castle once more reverted to the
immense estate belonging to the line of Desmond, and it is probable that
it was again set aside as the dower of the widowed countesses.
Silent as to the lives of many of these ladies, history, however, singles
out one, who, on account of a life extending beyond a century, is known
emphatically as the Old Countess of Desmond. She was the eldest
daughter of Sir John Fitzgerald Lord Decies, whose father, as the second
son of the usurping Earl of Desmond, had been given the lordship of
Decies in Waterford as his patrimony. To his castle of Dromana,
situated on a high cliff over the Blackwater, John Lord Decies brought
(2) Mr. Windele thought the castle was built in a circular shape in order to afford
greater resistance to the weather. The side next the river has disappeared as well as
the floors and roof, and there are no remains left of outworks.
(3) Deed of assignment by Old Countess. See Inquiry, R. Sainthill.
(4) Ancient and Present State of Youghal; T. Lord.
THE OLD COUNTESS.
147
his wife, Ellen, a daughter of the White Knight, who was chief of the
Fitzgibbon Geraldines. Sir Bernard Burke, who accepts the various
legends that at one time passed as the real history of the Old Countess,
says she was born in 1464, though it seems much more probable that her
birth occurred at a much later date — let us say about 1494, which would
bring her age at the time of her death within the far more credible
limit of a hundred and ten years instead of the mythical hundred
and forty so often ascribed to her. No particulars are extant respect-
ing the childhood of Katherine Fitzgerald of Decies, although some
chroniclers maintain that she was a maid of honour at the court of
Edward IV., was married there at the end of his reign, and danced with
Richard III., then Duke of Gloucester. But the fact of her brother
Gerald Lord Decies only speaking Gaelic, like most of the Anglo-
Irish barons at that period, may fairly lead us to infer that his sister
never quitted the precincts of Dromana until her marriage, which may
have taken place about 15 14, if not sooner, to her very elderly relative,
Sir Thomas Fitzgerald of Desmond, who must have been nearly if not
sixty years of age, allowing that he was ten years old when his father,
the eighth earl, was beheaded at Drogheda in 1464.
During the War of the Roses the Geraldines were by no means idle,
and they flocked to England in order to have their share of battles, forays,
marches, and excursions, all dear to their adventurous spirit, leaving their
territories to the tender mercies of Irish septs, who did not hesitate to
profit by the opportunity temptingly held forth to them. The Earl of
Desmond, who, during the viceroyalty of the Duke of York, had been
godfather to one of the Lord Deputy's sons born at Dublin Castle, was
an ardent partisan of the White Rose, and he did much service in placing
Edward IV. upon the throne of Henry VI. From the time of the earl's
unjust execution at Drogheda (to gratify the malice of Elizabeth
Woodville, who never forgave his disapproval of her marriage to
Edward IV.), his sons, notwithstanding the king's attempts at repara-
tion, remained more or less in a condition of quiescent insubordination
when not in open rebellion/5) The earl's third son, Thomas, appears to
have been especially unruly, and from an early age he was familiar with
the use of arms, joining his elder brothers as soon as he was able to couch
lance and wield sword in their " wild justice of revenge." Thomas Fitz-
gerald was not less lawless in his private life, to judge by his conduct to
his wife Gylis, or Ellen, Ny (daughter) Cormyk, whose father, Cormyk
Oge Carthy, was lord of Muskerry.
(5) The " Unpublished Geraldine Documents" say that at the eighth earl's execu-
tion he left "five brave sons, who took it very tragically and impatiently, and with
banners displayed sought revenge." — Earls of Desmond^ part i. ; Russell's relation.
148
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCI MiOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Although the Geraldine had one son by his Irish wife, yet he con-
trived on some pretext to have their marriage annulled, and there is an
old lease by which, in 1505, the Earl of Kildare granted a house to this
unfortunate lady/6?
The Geraldines of Desmond having connections in England, Thomas
Fitzgerald, who could speak English as well as Irish, may sometimes
have gone over to that country, though there is no mention of it in the
Chronicles. He was described as being a very brave and fortunate
leader, and he took part in nine pitched battles. Although divorced
from his first wife, he aided her relations against his nephew, the Earl of
Desmond, whom he hated, and by a charge of his cavalry he routed his
youthful chief, who fled leaving a thousand men on the battlefield
between Cork and Mallow ; but at a later date Sir Thomas Fitzgerald
turned against his allies, and to his great satisfaction killed his erewhile
father-in-law and brother-in-law, both Lords of Muskerry.
This savage and quarrelsome Geraldine usually went by the name
of Maol Calvus, or the "bald knight." As his marriage to his cousin,
Katherine Fitzgerald of Dromana, was never called in question, it may
be assumed that care was taken on this occasion to procure a proper
dispensation. He may have taught her to speak English, and the
extraordinary tales concerning the good looks of Richard III., and the
absence of the traditional hump, may have been related to her either by
her husband or by one of the ladies of his family.
Sir Thomas Fitzgerald had only one daughter by his second wife,
and it was not until the death of his nephew, the eleventh earl, without
heirs, in 1529, that the old "bald knight" became the chief of his house
(6) The "Black Death" that in the Middle Ages swept thousands from this world did
spare the clergy, so that their successors had not their example nor their teaching to
carry out the discipline of the Church. This, combined with the disorganised state of
society from feuds and civil wars, caused many abuses to creep in, among which was
the facility with which the rude chiefs and nobles could find pretexts for the repudia-
tion of their wives, generally on the ground of forbidden degrees of kindred, which in
those days went as far as the seventh degree. The number of people whose birth was
stigmatized became very great, and the disruption of sacred family ties was productive
of much confusion and discord, especially in noble families like that of the Geraldines,
where such reprehensible practices caused serious disturbances and feuds, to say
nothing of the angry ladies deprived of their rights, having "recourse to witches to
afflict former husbands with personal calamity." There was an attempt made by
Cardinal Wolsey to remedy this state of affairs by the introduction of bulls of dispensa-
tion that should regulate these irregular marriages, but he was told that " they went
off but slowly. The Englishry were either too poor to buy them or got them by Rome
runners (pilgrims qy.\ while the Irishry did not seek for them, and were apt to rob and
murder messengers sent into their countries." So wild were the times that it was not
uncommon to have forgeries of Papal dispensations, which could, of course, be set
aside as invalid on the first opportunity, and it is said that a rude die was found in
some ruined abbey near Waterford, and another was fished out of the Thames by a
dredger, which seems to have been used to impress the Papal seal on these spurious
documents. See Quarterly Review \ 1853.
THE OLD COUNTESS.
149
at the age of seventy-six. He resided principally with his countess at
Inchiquin Castle, near Youghal, where it is said that Earl Thomas Maol
was so distrustful of strangers approaching his residence being either
spies or wizards, that he generally provided unlucky wayfarers with a
halter outside the castle wall instead of a meal and bed, which was
economical in those days of lavish hospitality, and which also served as
a warning " for the likes on them to keep at a safer distance if they
valued their necks."
The earl, his wife and their household lived precisely in the same
uncivilized fashion observed by the Irish chiefs, and they also thought
nothing of visiting with a large retinue the monasteries or the houses of
their vassals, while their servants and horses would be at free quarters
upon the neighbouring farmers ; and, as was remarked in an old report,
they would live "in this manner in other men's houses more than half the
year by this wild Irish custom of extortion, and spare their own houses."
But this "wild Irish Gustom " had originally, as "coign and livery," been
invented by Thomas Maol's ancestor, the first Earl of Desmond.
Earl Thomas's son by his first wife having died of the plague at
Jerpoint Abbey, he sent his grandson (now his heir) to the English
court, partly as a hostage for his loyalty, and partly for the sake of his
education in the royal household, whence the youth was scornfully
named " the Court Page " by disloyal Geraldines. In reply to the earl's
profuse asseverations of submission, Henry VIII. confirmed him in his
title, and his oath of allegiance was taken at Waterford before Sir William
Skeffington, the Commissioner of the Privy Council. A certain amount
of goodwill always existed between the Kildare and Desmond branches
of Geraldine,(7) and in the rebellion of" Silken Thomas," (8> Desmond took
no decided part against his youthful kinsman, although the brothers of
Archbishop Allen, murdered by " Silken Thomas," wrote to one of their
brethren, Warden Allen of Youghal, that the Earl of Kildare's son
" makes all that ever he can to obtain my Lord of Desmond's goodwill
and as yet we do our best to keep him from his purpose, and shall do
with God's grace." When Lord Ophally (" Silken Thomas ") heard in a
curiously roundabout way ^ the report of his father's execution at the
(7) "The Earls of Desmond and other lords will not attend Parliament nor the
Council, nor aid the Deputy, unless the Earl of Kildare hold that office." — " Report on
State of Ireland to Henry VIII.," History of Earls of Kildare.
(8) Lord Ophally, son of the Earl of Kildare, obtained this sobriquet from the silk
banners borne by his standard-bearers.
(9) The news was found out accidentally by a Geraldine, who, having lodged at a
priest's house, picked up in the morning a piece of paper to draw on his tight stockings.
At night, noticing the bit of paper still inside his stocking, he examined it, and finding
it contained such bad news concerning his chiefs he instantly rode off with it to give
warning to a friend of " Silken Thomas."
150 CORK HISTORICAL ANT) ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Tower of London, and of his own impending arrest, his resolution to
.rebel against the English Government was strongly opposed by his
father's oldest and warmest friend, the <l bald carl" of Desmond; who,
however, must have connived at much of the prevailing disturbances in
1534, when Henry VIII. commanded the Earl of Ossory to subdue the
Karl of Desmond, who "has broken all his oaths of allegiance and
obedience, and has not reduced his subjects to good order."('°> But the
days of his long and turbulent career were nearly spent, and in this year,
aged eighty Thomas Maol Calvus died, and was buried in the Fran-
ciscan church at Youghal, with most of his ancestors. To the end of his
life the earl was a fierce and grasping man, by the following account
given in the State Papers — " The Earl of Desmond and his kinsmen
and servants within four shires of Limerick, Cork, Kerry and Waterford
have all the king's manors and castles. Your Grace has not one groat
of yearly profit or revenue. The Earl of Desmond has subdued all your
Lords of Parliament, and none of your laws are observed."
The Lady Katherine, his wridow, now entered upon her jointure of
Inchiquin Castle/I2) which was destined to be her property for the extra-
ordinary term of seventy years. Here also she resided, no longer we hope
permitting wayfarers " to dangle in halter" from her walls, but performing
whatever charitable deeds that came in her way, spending much of her
time at her spinning-wheel, and superintending her maids at their house-
hold work, as was customary among noble ladies. In 1 542 she must have
been alarmed by the news of the murder in ambush of the " Court Page"
Earl of Desmond, her husband's grandson, whose right to the title, on the
usual ground of the illegality of his father's marriage to a cousin, had
been disputed by the sons of his granduncle, John, the last surviving
brother-in-law of the Old Countess. The cruel murder of the young
earl was the deed of Sir Maurice Duff, or the " Black Geraldine " (so
called from his swarthy complexion), whose ambitious and savage
temper was so detested by his own family that when his eldest brother
acquired the sequestrated earldom from Henry VIII., he prudently
settled the barony of Kerrycurrihy upon Maurice Duff, " so that he
might not want bread ;" and he also refused steadily all intercourse, which
appears to have wounded the little brotherly feeling existing in the
breast of Maurice, who considered that a very poor return had been
made to him for his effort to aggrandize his branch of the family.
Being " a man without faith or truth, cruel, severe, and merciless,"
(10) State Papers for Ireland.
(n) History of the Geraldines ; Father Dominic O'Daly, o.p.
(12) A photographic illustration of remains of this castle given on page 155, vol. i.,
1 st series of Journal.
THE OLD COUNTESS.
Sir Maurice Duff was rather gratified that his estate should be in the
neighbourhood of his greatest enemies, the McCarthys, where his
brother deemed that " he might have enough to do with and between
them, that he might not have or enjoy leisure to practise any mischief
against him " (the earl). For thirty years Sir Maurice " held play against
all those that did oppose him," of whom there were many, until in his
eightieth year he was slain in Muskerry by the horsemen of his son-in-
law, Sir Dermod McCarthy/13) The Old Countess of Desmond was left
unmolested by the members of the new line until 15 15, when she
emerged from the obscurity of her life, and made a deed of assignment
by which she declared that " for good considerations me moving I have
given, granted, and surrendered the said castle and town of Inchiquine
to the Right Honorable Gerrot Earl of Desmond, now enjoying reversion
of the premises." Mr. Sainthill wrote, that this being in reality an
attempt to save the estate for the earl should he come to grief with the
government, he in turn assigned it pro forma to some adherent of his
party, a Mr. John Synotte, though the Old Countess continued to live at
Inchiquin as usual. The earl being a rebel at that period, when the
act of his attainder was passed, this arrangement was ignored by the
English government, who granted the manor of Inchiquin to Sir Walter
Raleigh, subject to the life-charge of the Countess Katherine, she having
been in enjoyment of her jointure long before Garrett came to the
earldom of Desmond.
Sir Walter Raleigh, who was acquainted with the Old Countess,
never interfered with her rights of ownership, and as she must have been
over ninety years in 1 589, her great age naturally attracted his attention.
Regarding Sir Walter's celebrated statement that the Old Countess was
married in the reign of Edward IV., might there not easily have been a
clerical error in this assertion ? There was an Edward VI. as well as an
Edward IV, and the Old Countess did certainly hold her jointure not
only from the Earl of Desmond in Edward VI. 's reign, but also from
those living during the lifetime of his father, Henry VIII., from 1534.
Should this be really the meaning of the passage in Raleigh's History of
the World, it would tend much to clear up the disputed question con-
cerning the age of the Old Countess. Moreover, when the advanced
age of ninety is reached, people's brains are not quite as acute as they
were formerly, and the old lady, living in a remote part of Ireland (where
to) The son of this Maurice was the celebrated James Fitzmaurice, who assistes
the sixteenth Earl Garrett in all his rebellions against Queen Elizabeth ; and his
father's conduct in murdering the " court page " earl was " the first steppe to the
overthrow of this honourable house of Desmond — God in revenge thereof of his justice
not leaving one of the race of Sir John or of Sir Maurice alive upon the face of the
earth." — " Earls of Desmond," part i., Unpttblished Geraldine Documents.
152 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
there is nothing to prove that she ever left it), may have in her conver-
sations with Sir Walter Raleigh confused Edward VI. with Edward IV.,
of whom she must have heard a good deal from her husband's family,
who belonged to the Yorkist faction.
The Earl of Leicester's account of the Old Countess appearing at
Queen Elizabeth's court to beg for means of subsistence may be
considered as a pure fiction in face of two leases drawn up by Sir Walter
Raleigh, where he recognizes her prior claim by saying that " the rent
was to be doubled, and a light horseman and equipments provided for
Sir Walter's use, after the death of ye Ladie Cattelyn Ould Countess
Dowager of Desmond, widdowe," which proves that she could not have
been reduced to penury by the attainder of Earl Garrett. It would be a
romance nearer to truth to picture the learned Sir Walter Raleigh, in
the intervals of planting cherry trees, tobacco and potatoes in his garden,
or attending to the municipal affairs of Youghal as its mayor, occasion-
ally riding over to Inchiquin Castle, or perchance meeting the active old
Countess on her weekly walks to Youghal, and conversing with her on
tales of the past. We can imagine the gallant fair-haired knight of
Elizabeth's court, with keen and sagacious mien, exercising all his
powers of entertainment in order to acquire more information from the
aged lady, whose long span of life he expressly notices, although he
nowhere mentions the precise number of her years. No doubt he told
her stones of his voyages to America, and may have presented her with
potatoes and cherries, then a complete novelty in Ireland ; even, perhaps,
going so far as to show her how soothing and pleasant a pastime was
the smoking of tobacco. Garrulous, as the old usually are, the dowager
on her side may have rather enjoyed Sir Walter's visits, and may have
disclosed for his benefit many an old Geraldine legend and tale, and
much antiquated gossip concerning the whole country side between
Inchiquin and her birthplace, Dromana.
Her very numerous portraits in Ireland and England may also be
dismissed as apocryphal, for in the great rebellion and subsequent ruin
of the Geraldines it was most unlikely that Dutch painters would seek
employment in a country where the sword was in greater request than a
paint brush, and where no one could hardly be certain of his life for
twenty-four hours. The absurd story repeated as hearsay by wise
Lord Keeper Bacon respecting the Old Countess cutting new teeth in
extreme age is also to be disposed of, by the fact that the gums of old
people sometimes shrivel and shrink away, thus disclosing the stumps of
teeth that have disappeared through decay .(l4)
(14) Notes and Queries, vol. iv.
THE OLD COUNTESS.
153
Finally, in 1604, when James, son of ill-fated Mary Stuart, wore the
united diadem of Great Britain, the Old Countess of Desmond died,
probably at the age of one hundred and ten years, and was interred
with her husband at Youghal after seventy years of widowhood, which
was really the remarkable fact of her life. As to her great age there
need not be so much surprise, as to this day we hear of persons who
have passed their hundredth year, and even more, chiefly among poor
people, whose hardy existence has prolonged vitality. The ridiculous
legends of the Old Countess's death being hastened by feats of activity,
perfectly impossible to a centenarian, need no further notice.
The wife of an Anglo-Irish lord, who was owner of a hundred and
fifty miles of territory, extending from Waterford to the sea shore of the
County Palatine of Kerry, and who was able to bring an army of his
dependents into the field, flouting the English government at will and
pleasure, Katherine Countess of Desmond lived to witness the disappear-
ance of all this wealth and power. The day of reckoning for many a cruel
and unjust deed, for unbridled arrogance, and reckless disregard of divine
and human law, came at last in the downfall of a haughty race, whose
cradle was rocked within the walls of Republican Florence, whose
history came to be part of the chronicles of a northern island, over
which in " the light of other days " it cast its wild glamour of warfare,
feud, or romantic legend, all telling of the prowess, the hatreds, or the
loves of the Southern Geraldines.
5outerrain at peelish, County Corl^.
By H. F. WEBB GILLMAN, I.C.S., Member.
N the southern part of the townland of Deelish, parish
of Ahabullogue, and immediately to the north of
Leades House, the seat of Captain F. W. Woodley
(whose youngest son was a most efficient guide), there
exists a souterram in the corner of a field, containing
an entrance passage and two chambers, as will be
described presently. It is worthy of note in that it
does not appear to be connected with a rath, there being no trace of
circumvallation about or close to it. In construction also this souterrain
is different from the underground passages usually found in raths in the
south-west of Ireland. Smith (l) describes the latter passages as " vaults
(') Hist. Cork, book iv., chap. 10.
154 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
or cavities, which generally run spirally for two or three turns, and
terminate in a small square room in the centre." Those that I know of,
however, consist usually of a straight, or in rare instances zigzag, passage
large enough to admit a man in a stooping posture, which ends some-
times in a cul-de-saC) sometimes in a transverse terminal chamber.
View of Opening into the Entrance Passage
of the deelish souterrain.
The souterrain in question, differing from these, is of the shape and
dimensions shown in the accompanying plan. The entrance passage
faces south by a point west, and admission to it is gained by an opening
of which a view is given above. This opening is two feet in height, and
is surmounted by a rough stone lintel, two feet four inches long. The
entrance passage itself is seven feet in length, and is nearly rectangular
in shape, being two feet nine inches broad on the average. The floor
SOUTERRAIN AT DEELISH,
155
slopes down by three steps to another opening admitting to the first
chamber, and is continued level beyond the last step. The sides of the
passage are lined with uncemented stones, and the roof is composed of
four rough stone slabs laid horizontally, the outer one of which is the
lintel mentioned above. The roof is covered with a thin sod of green
Ground Plan of Souterrain in Townland of Deelish, Parish Aghabullogue,
County Cork.
turf, and is about half-a-foot above the level of the field around. The
under surface of the roofing stones is four feet nine inches above the
bottom of the floor and of the opening leading to the first chamber.
This latter opening is situated in the middle of the east side of the pas-
sage, and at the bottom of the last step. It is rectangular in shape, and
barely sufficient to admit an adult lying flat to creep in, its height being
one foot three inches, and breadth one foot six inches. It is roofed over
I56 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
by a flat stone, supported at the sides by two others, one foot nine inches
long, placed on edge.
The first chamber into which this opening leads slopes slightly
downwards, and runs almost due east and west. It is shaped like a
half-egg, cut along its long axis. Its length is nine feet, the greatest
breadth is six feet, and its height in the centre three feet six inches.
The top of the roof is two feet below the level of the ground of the field
above. This chamber, like the similar one beyond it, has the appearance
of having been excavated out of the hard clay. There is no stonework
in the flooring or roof, but, judging from the quantity of stones lying
strewn about, it is quite possible that there was a stone lining of some
sort when the chambers were in use.
The second chamber is to the south of the first, and about a foot
lower in level. The communication between them is a passage or
opening, similar to that described above, one foot six inches in length
by two feet broad, and one foot, nine inches high. This passage is not
now faced with stone, but it probably was so at no very ancient date,
as large stones just suited for the purpose were found lying in
the second chamber. This second chamber is slightly longer than the
first, its length being ten feet six inches, and breadth six feet. It is
three feet six inches high in the highest part, and is, like the first,
semi-ovoid in shape.
In regard to " caves," as they are locally termed, of this kind, there
generally exists a belief in a passage leading from them somewhere else.
In the present case there is a tradition in the neighbourhood of an
underground passage leading northward from the first chamber to a
rath situated about a quarter of a mile off in the townland of Laharan ;
but after careful search on two separate visits, the first being made in
company with Mr. Joseph H. Bennett, we were satisfied that no such
passage exists, and that the chambers already described comprise the
whole of the souterrain.
For an account of a similar work I would refer to Smith's descrip-
tion^ of " some caverns" discovered near Rosscarbery cathedral. He
says — " By descending, several oval chambers were discovered, being
mostly twelve feet long and six broad, having long, narrow passages
leading from one to the other. These passages were but eighteen inches
broad and three feet high, so that it was necessary to creep from cell to
cell. . . . The roof of each cell consisted of a Gothic arch formed of
a stiff clay, from the centre of which to the ground it was no more than
five feet two inches high ; the walls were made of stone, smoothly
(2) Book iv,, chap. 10, quoted supra.
SOUTERRAIN AT DEELISH. 1 57
plaistered, and the whole lined with soot, so that fires had been made in
them." Smith appears to have accepted the tradition that these caves
were the abodes of the Firbolgs, or cave-dwellers. Opinions on this
point seem, however, to be divided, some maintaining that they were
used as hiding-places in times- of danger, and others that they were
storehouses or granaries.
Tacitus in his Germania^ describes similar structures thus : — " They
also dig subterranean caves, and cover them over with a great quantity
of dung. These they use as winter retreats and granaries, for the severity
of the cold is mitigated in them ; and upon an invasion, when the open
country is plundered, these recesses remain undiscovered, either because
the enemy is ignorant of them, or because he will not trouble himself
with the search."*^ I quote from the translation of John Aikin (1823),
who refers in a note to similar caverns used by the Sarmations as winter
refuges. In Hungary, at the present day, it is common to store corn in
subterranean passages.
May not the souterrain at Deelish have been put to the uses
mentioned by Tacitus?
(3) Germania, chap. 16.
(4) Tacitus' text here is : — " Abdita autem etdefossa met ignorantur> aid eo ipso fallunt,
quod queerenda sunt" i.e. being hidden and dug downwards they are either undis-
covered, or escape notice by the very fact that they have to be sought for.
Z\\z polk~<£ore oj the jMortihs.
in.
April.
R.IL, in Irish 2Ib]utorj. The first of this month is
universally known as " All Fools' Day," but why the
name or whence the custom of " fooling " people
originated I have not been able to ascertain. Up to
recent times the custom prevailed of " raising a laugh "
at some simple-minded person's expense by giving
him a letter, which he was told was of an urgent
nature, addressed to some personal friend of the sender's. When
delivered, the enclosed note merely bore the legend, " Send the fool
farther," which advice was religiously adhered to, for the addressee merely
put this missive into another envelope, and having addressed it to
another friend some few miles further on, and having told the guileless
158
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
messenger thai it was a most important matter which was confided to
his care, set him again on his fool's errand. This practice has been hit
off, in his own inimitable style, by Gerald Griffin in one of his minor talcs
It is in April the cuckoo, swallow and corncrake arrive, and it is the
custom when one first hears the cuckoo or corncrake, or sees a swallow,
to say — " 5o ii)4)|i)ti)j'D beo 4|i 41) 4Jijf4 4njp. 21njerj," which is translated
as " May we all be alive and in God's grace this time next year. Amen,"
or literally, " My we all be alive this time again. Amen." If one hears
the cuckoo from behind, and in the right ear, and also finds some hairs
(at the same time) under his right foot, such a one will be lucky for that
year. If the cuckoo is first heard in the left ear it is an unlucky sign.
Should the sowing of oats be deferred from any cause until the
coming of the cuckoo, such sowing is invariably known as " cuckoo
oats," and is thus designated to mark the laziness of that particular
farmer.
It is in April Easter generally falls, and this brings in Eastertide
customs here. On Good Friday it is the invariable custom for all the
members of the household to go, in turns, to the nearest graveyard, and
there offer up a round of their rosary beads " for the eternal repose of
the souls of the faithful departed unto Christ, but more especially for their
own nearest and dearest friends." As a matter of course, Good Friday,
like Ash Wednesday, is kept as a black fast, but I never heard of this
pious custom on Good Friday being carried out at any other festival
whatever.
The tradition that the sun, at its rising, dances on Easter Sunday is
universal. In former times it is told that the people, after their breakfast
of Easter eggs, decorated the trees with the shells, as blossoms, in honour
of the occasion. There is a small townland in the parish of Kilbolane,
in Orrery and Kilmore barony, which is said to derive its name of
Ballynablay (B4jle-f)4-bl4,c, i.e. " The town of the Blossoms," and now
sometimes written " Blossomville,") from this custom. Ballynablay
townland is now merged in that of Gortnagoul — "5o\iTi ij4 54B4I, i.e. " The
field or garden at the fork " of the Deel river.
Holy Week also brings in the (folk-lore) history to of the Daire Daol
(the forfecula d/eus), one of the coleoptera. When the Saviour of
0) From the annexed newspaper cutting it would seem that this folk-lore history of
the daire daol prevails in a slightly modified form in the extreme north of Scotland : —
" A Curious Legend. — The boys of Sutherland will never allow a beetle to escape
them ; they stamp on the insect and cry — ' Beetle, beetle, you won't see to-morrow.'
The practice is, without doubt, connected with a legend which may be heard in the
counties — a legend of special interest as a type of those curious Scottish stories
wherein New Testament history and modern realism are interblent. Here it is : —
As they fled into Egypt, Joseph and Mary and the child Christ passed through a field
where men scattered corn seeds. The Virgin said to the men, ' Should any ask of
THE FOLK-LORE OF THE MONTHS.
159
mankind was fleeing from the Jews in Holy Week He passed through
an orchard, which immediately blossomed, and next through a field in
which the tillers were engaged sowing corn. On the morrow all those
apple trees were laden with ripe golden fruit, while the corn which was
sown yesterday had grown up and ripened, and was now fit for the
sickle. Thereupon the farmer gathered a crowd to cut it down, who
took with them a basket of the ripe apples to quench their thirst while
engaged reaping. While thus engaged, a large crowd of Jews, with
Judas Iscariot at their head, came that way and enquired whether the
reapers saw not a young Man of extraordinarily prepossessing appear-
ance pass by ? The reapers well knew who was sought, and for what
purpose, but wishing to shield our Lord, the captain of that mithil raised
his right hand on high, and solemnly declared that " not since these
apples were in blossom, and also not since this corn, now cutting, was
sown, did such a Man pass that way." Thereupon a daire daol con-
cealed in the basket of apples raised its head, and, speaking in Irish,
interjected, ll<&suy y& 4r)4e," i.e. "And that was yesterday." This
gave the clue to the Jews, who were on the point of turning back,
and they followed up the trail and discovered our Lord, and arrested
Him. As for the captain of those reapers, he, enraged at finding his ruse
for the relief of a foully-wronged Man foiled, and by the beetle, raised
his sickle and struck the daol on the back, instantly breaking it ; and
ever since, when one kills a daire daol (which indeed is whenever and
wherever it is met with), it gives out a perfume like that of a ripe apple.
Also, whenever the daire daol meets a Christian, it always stops and
cocks up its tail, which is full of poison. Whosoever kills a daire daol
will relieve himself of a deadly sin ; but to gain this end he will have to
kill it either with the large toe-nail of the right foot, or else with the
thumb-nail of the right hand. As the daire daol is believed to be " full
of poison," and that a sting from its tail or a bite of its forceps is equally
fatal, very few have sufficient courage to kill it in the orthodox fashion,
but merely content themselves with stoning it to death.
This disgust and hatred for the daire daol appears to be of ancient
date, for we are told in The Proceedings of the Great Bardic Institution
that when Dalian Forguil, at the instigation of Hugh the Fair, king of
you if we have journeyed this way, make answer — a man, a woman and a child crossed
the field as we sowed the corn.' That night the grain sprouted, grew rapidly, and
ripened, so that next day the labourers brought their sickles and began to reap it.
Now a band of soldiers came and questioned them — ' Have you seen a mother and
child on an ass, with a man leading it, go this way?' The men replied — 'As we
sowed the corn which we now reap, they passed.' When they heard these words, the
messengers of the king were about to turn back ; but a black beetle cried aloud —
' Yesterday, yesterday, the corn was sown, and the Son of God passed through the
field.' " — Scottish Review.
160 CORK I HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Breffny, satirized the King of Oirgiall, as the latter would not give the
poet his wondrous working shield (the Duibh-Gilla), Dalian thus com-
pared the King of Oirgiall to a* daire daol : —
21 4jjibe in T>M)h T54el,
21 4|ibj|ie 4 21ej-6.
Translated —
"Thou disgusting black daol,
Thou art more disgusting, O Hugh." —
Vide Transactions of the Ossianic Society, vol. v., pp. 26-7.
Mananaan Mac Lik.
( To be continued.)
County CorK Celebrities.
JOHNNY ROCHE.
F the many rural celebrities alike amusing and eccentric, albeit harmless in
their ways, to be so frequently met with throughout our county, there is none
known to the writer to possess a story of such surpassing interest, origin
ality, and variety as the hero of this chapter, who by way of introduction
may here be described as a veritable "Jack of all trades." John Roche,
familiarly known in his own locality as " Johnny Roche," was born early in the present
century at Wallstown, near Mallow, and during his boyhood was engaged in the
ordinary duties connected with the management of his parental acres, when he gave
evidence of the natural taste for the working of various handicrafts that afterwards
evinced itself so conspicuously. Although he received (if any) but a very rudimentary
education, and never served an apprenticeship to any particular trade, he seemed at an
early age to have been principally engaged in the joint business of carpenter and
blacksmith at his father's home. There he continued with much assiduity to turn out
all manner of useful work until the commencement of the 'forties, when, allured by the
charms of a neighbouring farmer's daughter, he quitted his workshop, entered the holy
bonds of wedlock, and eventually sailed with his wife for America, where the pair lived
together for a brief period and then separated, to meet no more during the course of
their long lives. Johnny was much affected by the unexpected developments of his
married life ; he travelled through many parts of the great Western Continent, and in
his wanderings acquired much experience and knowledge of the ways and works of
man. Unsettled and romantic — Bohemian if you will — as was his natural disposition,
he returned again after an interval of three years to his old home, and there
" . . . Amongst the cooly shade
Of the green alders by the Mulla's shore " —
during the remainder of his days he continued to exercise his marvellous genius, to the
delight and amusement of some, and to the wonder and amazement of others. Soon
JOHNNY ROCHE.
161
after his arrival from America he erected a mill that served for a variety of useful
purposes. It was first utilised for preparing wool and homespun flannels, an industry
then common throughout the south of Ireland ; next for sawing timber, and after some
time again the additional duty was imposed on it of sawing flags that were intended to
supply the local graveyards with tombstones. This latter innovation created quite a
sensation, and aroused the attention of his neighbours to such an extent that one of
those mischievous wags in whom the locality abounded scribbled on the mill door the
following uncomplimentary lines —
" This is another of Roche's toys,
That does little work, but makes great noise."
Johnny Roche.
This caustic couplet so nettled Johnny that the humane but noisy project was soon
afterwards completely abandoned. The mill was then fitted up with the necessary
appliances for grinding corn, and thus it remained until Johnny's death, when opera-
tions were suspended in it. To erect this, and subsequently get it into working order,
occasioned Johnny much trouble. Stones had to be quarried and conveyed to the site;
lime and sand for mortar had to be procured ; while a roof, a door and jambs, windows
and window frames, inside fixtures, and a most powerful wheel which set the
machinery of the whole concern in motion, were all constructed by him, as well as a
weir and mill race with the necessary floodgate.
In the course of some time, probably about the summer of 1847, he laid the founda-
tion of a castle that is accounted to be his great masterpiece of handicraft. This he
11
1 62 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
intended should serve as his residence and workshop during life, and afterwards as a
monument to associate his name with fame and future ages, when all other minor
recollections of him had vanished in the mist of time. It is located quite close to the
mill on the south bank of the Awbeg, a short distance from the village of Shanbally-
more, about three miles below Doneraile and about the same distance from Castle-
townrochc, which is situate lower down the stream. It has been not inaptly, although
it may be facetiously, ycleped " Castle Curious," and of a verity is one of the most
stately and picturesque of the many historic edifices that adorn the banks of the
" Shiny Mulla" from its source in " old father Mole " to its junction beneath the
venerable walls of Bridgetown Abbey with that noble flood the Blackwater.
The plan of the castle is made up of a rectangle twelve feet by seventeen feet, to
each side of which is added a semicircle of seven feet six inches radius, which
represents an addition at each side of the main portion of the building, in the shape of
a semi-tower. These circular structures project very much at the base and gradually
incline inwards as they approach the top, where they end in two turrets that add an
air of feudal grandeur and importance to the entire fabric. On one of these turrets a
staff is still to be seen, whereon floated a flag which, instead of bearing the national
emblem as anyone may reasonably suppose, displayed the effigy of a flying angel.
The castle measures twenty-seven feet long, seventeen feet broad, and forty-five feet
high, and is lighted by thirteen windows, each about two feet six inches high and one
foot six inches wide, in the construction of which a wealth of design is exhibited,
some being arched while others are spanned with a stone lintel placed horizontally,
the weight on which in a few instances is relieved by an arch, an architectural feature
observable in many of our earliest buildings. In addition to these windows the two
turrets are each lighted by three circular openings, about three feet in diameter, which
appear in contrast to the others rather quaint and novel. The ground floor was
divided into three apartments ; one was used as a smithy, another as a general work-
shop, and the third does not appear to have been devoted to any special purpose.
The fireplace is situate at the southern end of the castle, and the flue is
brought up through the outer wall to the top of the turret, where it terminates in the
shape of a baluster, while a doorway, with a massive panelled door, occupies the
northern end. This doorway is of the usual height ; its timber jambs are wrought
with curious ornaments, and is lighted overhead by a semi-circular fanlight, fifteen
inches high. There are three stories in the building, and as they are of such an
intricate construction, each forming various apartments, nooks and corners separated
by cross walls, pierced with arched openings, a detailed description of them would
lead but to confusion, and for all practical purposes is here unnecessary. A staircase
leads from the ground floor to the point where the southern turret rises above the roof
of the main building, and as there was no internal means of access to the tops of the
turrets, the assistance of a ladder was always resorted to whenever the occupier
ascended them, which he very frequently did for the purpose of surveying the sur-
rounding country, or to divert himself in the somewhat peculiar pastime of loudly
blowing a horn. The roof of the main building is vaulted, -and springs from a string
course, on which a battlement of about three feet six inches high, connecting both
turrets, rests ; it is carefully cemented on the exterior, and perfectly secure, the water
being conveyed away by means of stone gargoyles. The erection of the entire
structure occupied three summers, and when all the inconveniences and difficulties
attending its construction are taken into account, it will be admitted that an amount of
curious, toilsome work was accomplished within a short space of time. During this
interval he sought not nor obtained the slightest assistance from aught human, and
JOHNNY ROCHE.
163
appeared all through to entertain a secret satisfaction — nay, even a selfish pleasure —
in raising the necessary stones in an adjoining quarry, which he did with much
difficulty, and afterwards conveying them to the scene of operation. The lime used
was drawn in very small quantities from the town of Mallow, which is about six miles
distant, by means of that slow and tedious conveyance an ass and cart, while the
necessary sand was procured with no slight exertions from the bed of his own river.
As the erection of the castle proceeded, the builder's labours increased ; a windlass
had to be constructed for the purpose of raising building materials, and the utmost
that could be hoisted at any one time would be about five or six stones, and alternately
a correspondingly diminutive quantity of mortar. When these were utilized, fresh
supplies had to be obtained, which obliged the builder to again descend and reload,
;4#
"Castle Curious" and Mill.
{From a Photo by T. J. Roche, Eso.)
and so an incessant journeying up and down was gone through before the day's labours
were at an end. The castle is unadorned with mouldings or inscriptions of any sort,
save in the exterior of the south wall, where, about three feet from the ground, is
inserted a polished limestone resembling marble, bearing the simple inscription, in
large, clear, and remarkably well-formed characters —
JOHN
ROCH
1870E
This formerly acted as the keystone of a long archway or viaduct that at one time cut
the steep declivity approaching the mill from the highroad. It was inserted quite
recently in the castle by a friendly hand, and although now in a very proper place it
has a slight drawback, inasmuch as it leaves the reader to infer that the castle, and
not the archway, was constructed in the year indicated. The castle is uninhabited
since the founder's death, and, as might be expected, is still in a fair state of preser-
vation, although the framework of some of the windows has completely disappeared.
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
In many of Johnny's works there is evidence of the attentive study he bestowed on
his personal convenience; for instance, we find an old well in the ground floor of the
castle which he used for domestic and trade purposes. This well was supplied by
means of an underground drain with a stream of water that Hows from a rocky slope
about twelve feet from the castle, and the surplus water was conveyed off in a sewer,
portion of which may still be seen. A few yards from this latter fountain is the holy
well of Wallstown, St. Bernard's Well. Pilgrims affected with various ailments have
been known to resort thither from time immemorial, and, as is the prevailing practice
at such places, have decorated the bushes overhanging the well with a variety of
differently-hued ribbons, which gaudy display affords the visitor an index to the reputed
sanctity of the waters beneath. At early morn Johnny would often behold beneath
his window a motley congregation assembled round the well, and half annoyed at their
constaut presence, or dreading their pillaging, was wont to exclain in an audible tone,
wherein familiarity breathed somewhat of contempt, " It won't leave a vagabond in the
country but it will draw round my place ! "
Poverty in his case was unquestionably the reward of genius. The mill was his
only practical source of a scanty livelihood, and while it accomplished little more than
keeping soul and body together he was contented and gay, and apparently considered
wealth and his own welfare as matters only of minor importance.
In the capacity of carpenter, blacksmith, miller, and mason, Johnny was competent
to eke out an existence, but his genius knew no bounds, and always soared aloft in
search of something new and unusual. His constant experiments in mechanics led
him gradually on to be a self-existing institution. He constructed a machine for the
purpose of threshing the corn that grew on the plot of land attached to his castle, that
was worked by water power ; and were it not for the kindly interference of an admirer
of his genius would have sown flax seed in his plot, with a view of producing a strong
rope which he intended to fasten to a plough at one end, and to the machinery of his
mill at the other, and so till his land by water power. This would certainly have been
a novel experiment had it worked.
In almost every craft his varied and inventive genius enabled him to succeed. He
acted as his own butler, cook, and general attendant ; he was a skilful gardener and
an excellent baker, while as a clothier he never experienced the absolute necessity of a
tailor, as he was known to make his own clothes, and actually in his desire to excel at
home manufacture, even in its most limited sense, constructed his coat buttons out of
horn and leather, and always delighted in wearing boots and brogues of his own make.
He was likewise experienced and successful in regulating the erring clocks for miles
around his residence, that afterwards indicated the hour with wonderful accuracy. As
a dentist, Johnny established a reputation long prior to the invasion of our shores by
Anglo-American dental companies ; and not only did he extract teeth, and what is
admittedly far more difficult, parts of teeth, but he actually supplied their vacant chair
with a grinder carved by himself from horse bone. In this he possessed much
confidence, and recommended its use whenever his patients murmured over the
departure of their own natural growth. He made several violins, fifes, bagpipes,
clarionettes, drums, tambourines, etc., and repaired all the musical instruments of the
local musicians. He also made a fishing rod, and tied his own flies, presumably with
the necessary amount of deceptive delicacy, but his piscatorial labours, notwithstand-
ing, do not appear to have been attended with success; at all events not with sufficient
to warrant a prosecution of them. 'Tis well nigh fifty years since he constructed and
rode his first velocipede, a machine that admitted of vast improvements, and which he
afterwards considerably altered for the better. On this he appeared at all the popular
JOHNNY ROCHE.
165
gatherings in the country ; and even late in life accomplished journeys of twenty miles
to and from the residence of his landlord, the late Mr. John Newman, of Dromore,
Mallow, to whom he paid the rent of his castle and garden in a most punctual manner.
Johnny also made excursions into the fine arts, and turned out some sculpture and
wood-carving, while many-visaged monsters, his own creation, grinned and gaped from
the pier-tops approaching his mill, and kept stern vigil on the battlements of his castle.
He was never known to purchase a trade implement, as he also made all his tools,
with the exception of an anvil In fine, his ingenious brain was scarcely ever allowed
to wander in the regions of rest and vacancy, but was generally engrossed in planning
out some invention, no matter how insignificant, and, like ten thousand people of the
present day, a considerable portion of his time was employed over the perpetual
motion problem, needless to say with the usual fruitless results. As a specimen of
his minor performances might be mentioned the construction of a water-clock in the
stream which he diverted under his castle. Where he borrowed the design of this
ancient time-piece is unknown, but it certainly was not from any local source. A still
more ingenious contrivance, which bears the stamp of originality, might here be
mentioned as throwing a side-light into the subtle workings of his busy intellect.
This was a trap for catching rats, and so varied and exhaustive have been the means
and appliances for the destruction of these vermin that few would even dream of
adding to the number. An ordinary barrel was placed standing on one end, the lid of
the end uppermost turned on a pair of pivots by which it maintained a horizontal
position ; the slippery contrivance was then placed in some well-known rat walk, and
as the unsuspecting animal rambled in danger's way it stepped on the lid which
instantly over-balanced, depositing the intruder safe and sound in the bottom of the
barrel; the lid then revolved into its original position, and thus prevented the rat's
escape. A humorous story to the following effect is related of him in connection with
this invention. At one time he found some four or five rats imprisoned, and as he was
in the act of dispatching them with a stout stick, a particularly light-coloured one,
seizing its last opportunity to prolong its existence, sprung on to the stick, ran up it on
to Johnny's arm, and away. The would-be executioner, struck with amazement,
remarked that after such a gallant escape it was only due to the companions of such a
clever animal to liberate them, at the same time turning the barrel on its side to allow
of their escape. His intercourse with rats was rather extensive. A story runs to the
effect that he was once presented with a white one, and after feeding it for a while,
expected some show of gratitude in return. Johnny attempted to stroke it, but the
rat, true to its old instincts, caught hold of his finger, on which he exclaimed — " Rats,
black or white, should not be trusted ! "
Notwithstanding his strange mode of existence, the multiplicity of his avocations,
and the gloom that his wayward marriage was naturally calculated to throw over his
path of life, he possessed an endless fund of humour and merriment, and his abode
was always the centre of attraction for the boys and girls of the district, where they
danced away their idle hours to his music, which he supplied gratuitously; while those
too old to take the floor and trip it "on the light fantastic toe" —
" . . . With greedy, listful ears,
Did stand astonish'd at his curious skill."
His company was most sociable and agreeable. He could play, dance, whistle and
sing, and was withal very gentle in his manner ; and no festive gathering in the neigh-
bourhood was considered complete in his absence. He played on the violin a variety
of tunes. Whiles he would play his own native airs with a depth of feeling, and then
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARC I ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
again relieve their monotony by instantly rattling up such lively ones as "The Rakes
of Mallow," " The Humours of Ban don," or "The Rocky Road to Dublin." He also
successfully performed on the ordinary fife, and, like the miller in the Canterbury
Tales—
" A baggepipe well could he blow and soun."
In fact, he had an especial fancy for this instrument, from which he could squeeze out
quite an immensity of music for the pleasure of others, or to while away his own
solitary hours. Many an odd story is related of him. His adventure to the Cork
Exhibition in 1883 was very amusing. He was anxious to see all the wonderful sights
collected there, but, like a true son of genius, was short of the wherewithal, and in
order to reduce his hotel bills, filled his pockets with boiled potatoes and fried eels,
which he got from a neighbour. This store he considered sufficient for a three days'
visit ; but alas ! —
" The best laid schemes o' mice and men gang aft a-gley."
Johnny this time availed of the inducement in the shape of a cheap trip held out by
the railway, and forsook his favourite tricycle. This necessitated his taking a return
ticket, and as he had no ticket-pocket he had to place it among the potatoes and fish.
When he arrived at Blarney the ticket was demanded. Johnny put his hand into one
of his pockets, but the ticket could not be found. He then searched a second, a third,
and a fourth pocket, but still could not discover the missing ticket. The collector was
growing impatient ; there was no alternative, the pockets should be disgorged ; and
amidst the laughter of the crowds in the carriage, the potatoes and eels had all to be
turned out before the missing passport was found. On his return journey, to avoid a
scene like this, he resolved to keep the ticket in his hand, but, unfortunately, while
replenishing his pipe at the Cork terminus he laid his ticket by, and of course forgot
it until challenged at Rathduff by the collector. Here Johnny found he had neither
ticket nor money ; he was in an awkward predicament, and did not know what to do,
until at the last moment a friend in the train paid his fare; so he escaped, but ever
afterwards vowed vengeance on railway travelling.
Johnny loved his glass, and it may be drew inspiration therefrom. One of his
jovial companions, a "wet" soul named Nixon, whilom sexton of Wallstown church,
died and was buried in Wallstown. In a pliant hour Johnny promised him if he
survived he would raise a monument to his memory, and true to his word he erected
a flag with the following telegraphic inscription — " here lies nixon."
Johnny's appearance was somewhat striking. Of a medium height, well formed
and unencumbered with flesh, he was gifted with unusual activity, which perhaps an
unevenly balanced intellect kept in a state of constant motion. His face was full of
life and expression. His eyes, undimmed by years, reflected the subtle working of his
mind, while his silvery locks were allowed to stray far beyond their proper confines,
and added a weirdness to his countenance. From the photograph shown, in which he
is very appropriately represented with a violin in one hand and a trowel in the othere
it will be observed that his hat formed no unimportant portion of his attire, and on
closer inspection his waistcoat appears to have been fastened by only one button,
which must have taken some pains to tie, and no ordinary amount of exertion to undo.
In his old days he generally travelled about and visited the neighbouring towns and
villages, snugly ensconced in a curiously-shaped vehicle. This was altogether his own
design and make, and resembled to some extent a small circus van, shorn of the
ornamental dragons usually seen at the sides and rear. It was fitted up with many
JOHNNY ROCHE.
167
culinary appliances, including a fire place, and, to add to its grotesqueness, was drawn
by a pair of asses, usually yoked in tandem. He was presented with one of these
asses, which was a hermaphrodite, and principally on account of its extreme rarity
took an especial delight in driving it. His patriarchal appearance was well known for
many miles around, and no matter whither he turned the onlooker, young or old, was
always full of anecdote concerning him which his presence seemed instantly to
awaken. His end at last arrived. While attending the funeral of one of his friends,
a respect he religiously paid to the departed, he was delayed late in a wintry afternoon,
and on his return homewards in the night-time contracted a cold that developed into
pneumonia, to which in the course of a few days he succumbed, on the 10th day of
February, 1884, at the advanced age of over 80 years. It was one of his favourite
notions to be buried in a tomb in the river, within view of his castle, and had the
stones collected for the purpose, but a wag satirised the idea, which stung him so
much that he relinquished the intention. The epitaph he intended to inscribe on it
ran in the following doggerel rhyme : —
" Here lies the body of poor John Roche,
He had his faults, but don't reproach ;
For when alive his heart was mellow,
An artist, genius, and comic fellow."
He now reposes, amongst his relations, in the quiet churchyard of Templeroan, not far
from the spot immortalized by the achievements of his active moments, where his
name has long since grown "a household word," and where his memory is not likely
to be forgotten at the peasant's fireside as the aged sire relates to his attentive child
the stories and legends of the olden times. A pithy obituary notice of him appeared
at the time of his death in the columns of the Cork Examiner. It was a matter of
surprise to him that nobody had ever penned what he called " his history," as he
considered there was nothing hitherto accomplished with stone and mortar to equal
the appearance of his castle, and as his life abounded in as much if not more incident
and originality than that of many others whose slightest actions were carefully
chronicled. He dreaded lest he should go down to his grave unsung, leaving the
labours of a long eventful lifetime unknown to posterity, and his grandest actions
unrecorded to fade away unto forgetfulness. In a material light the varied career of
this strange and mysterious being presents, after all, little more than genius travelling
in the dark. Had he possessed the advantages arising from a course of education
properly directed, and had his energies been concentrated in acquiring a knowledge of
some particular science, it is a matter for conjecture to what world-wide eminence he
might have attained, but as his fertile fancy was allowed to exert itself in its wildest
mode and display itself in every the most outlandish form ; the labours even of the
most powerful intellect, under such circumstances, usually terminate in little more than
the trifling toywork of children. View him, however, amidst his own rural surround-
ings, as he played his many parts on life's great stage, with his violin in one hand and
his trowel in the other, and not as what he might have been had the supposed acquisi-
tions already enumerated intervened, and more extraordinary ingenuity, more varied
resource, and more singular originality, it will readily be conceded, have rarely been
displayed in any one man.
J. W. B.
[68 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY
Tfaund )\bout the Vails 0/ Cork.
By JOHN FITZGERALD, Council Member.
EMINDING one of "the thin red streak" on the shores of the Crimea, there
is a small red spot on the large map of Cork, published in this Joiirnal in
1893, which represents the "walled" City of the Lee, a very important and
fiercely contested little place in the troublesome times gone by.
There are many thousands of our citizens whose ideas of the growth of
their native city are very vague, it might be said they know nothing at all about it, and
to make it plain to them and to strangers, I propose taking them in imagination, or in
reality, "Round about the Walls of Cork," and showing them the actual traces and the
solid remains of the walls which are still standing. Let us start southward from the
Water Gate, and come back to the same spot again after passing round the limits of
the ancient city. Stand in front of the Queen's Old Castle (Lyons & Co. Ltd.), on the
Grand Parade, and you look westward. That is the exact site of the Water Gate,
whose two castles — the Queen's Castle and the King's Castle, nearer to Castle Street —
with a spiked gate of strong timbers, and its dock within, formed a safe refuge for the
small ships of the period, and was the origin of Cork Arms and the Latin motto Statio
Bene Fida Carinis. The stream that runs through Nile Street, Liberty Street, Patric
Street, till it flows into the north channel near the bridge, by Merchants' Quay, though
unseen is still there, and is all that remains as a mark. The centre part of Lyons'
establishment is the front of the city courthouse of the last century; its three narrow
doors and windows are unaltered; the wings at each side are only modern extensions.
The late lamented Richard Caulfield, ll.d., told me he saw the great iron hooks on
which the actual Water Gate hung, still fixed in the great stone blocks that held them,
on one occasion when the street was dug up. There are many stories that might be
told of the Water Gate. It will suffice to remind you of one dark night early in
December, when the officer in charge of Roche's Castle, which stood where the Young
Men's Society faces Liberty Street, stole silently down the little quay of the dock, and
treacherously opened the Water Gate ere he returned. Shortly after, the "Ironsides" of
Cromwell began to wade through the slush of the Rush Marsh, and waist deep through
the shallow water, until they assembled in hundreds on the little quay, giving rise to the
terrible calamity recorded as " Cromwell's Christmas," and the nearly extinct bad wish,
" The curse of Cromwell on you."
The next place of interest is Christchurch Lane and the church itself. The lane
is a very nice place to walk in, summer and winter, being well flagged ; having a
Protestant National School on one side, and the cleanly kept old graveyard on the
other, in which, and in the crypt, many monuments and relics of antiquity are to be
met with. For traces of the city wall Council Member Robert Walker, architect, etc.,
has an ancient lease of a house "built on the city wall" in this lane, and showing on
its face a well-drawn picture of the house itself, with the ground before it seemingly
made up to the level of the wall, and showing an arch or a breach in the wall itself.
There are many traces of the old city about here. Berwick fountain is the exact site
of Tuckey's Bridge, which spanned a canal at that place, and on which the equestrian
statue of George II. was first erected. Smith in his Complete Tiish Traveller (1784),
says, "The statue is of bronze, I think, and executed by a Dublin artist." He did not
ROUND ABOUT THE WALLS OF CORK.
169
test it with a knife, or he would have found it was very bad lead and not bronze, and
was modelled and cast by a Dutch artist, Van Oss, in Kift's Lane, which we are passing;
and if you take any interest in the matter you will find all details of expense, etc., in the
Council Book of the Cork Corporation, for it was that wise body made a present (at their
own expense) of the ' 'yalla horse, " as it got to be called, to the ratepayers. Some one had
a dreadful dream about it on the 3rd of March, 1862, when the statue was in the railed
space near the City Club. Some goblins seemed to come and fix a hawser round horse
and rider, then take the hawser in a boat to the quay at the other side of the river, after
which there came a long pull and a strong pull, and a heavy splash in the river. Dream
or otherwise, that equestrian statue no longer formed an ornament to Cork City.
At the back of most of the houses from Tuckey Street to Post Office Lane may be
found pieces of the city wall, either partly connected with the houses or standing
alone. We must pass through Post Office Lane to get to the South Gate, but before
we do so I wish to remind you that from this very spot a blacksmith shot the Duke
of Grafton, when the gallant young noble was leading his troops across the Rape
Marsh to the siege of Cork, but do not imagine it was this Post Office Lane, it was
from the city wall by a tower, for of course the lane is but a land mark. At the end
of that lane, over the way, is the place, still called Grafton's Alley in memory of the
gallant young duke.
This is South Gate Bridge, and here in the old times stood the well-guarded South
Gate. It is shown in the Pacata Hibernia as a square tower, but the artists of the
Pacata were unreliable, for they made the tower of the Red Abbey a round one, when
all the world can see it is square ; but it was a strong gate, with drawbridge and
portcullis, through both of which Captain Muschamp somehow passed unchallenged
on the night he swaggered from Elizabeth Fort over there, and brought about the
conspiracy which shut the Catholic citizens outside the walls homeless and ruined.
The city wall curved round from what is now the Parade, through what is now Lane's
Brewery, to the South Gate, but I believe all traces of it have been removed. The
more modern South Gate was the County Gaol of last century, but it stood on the
same site. It was an imposing building of limestone, with fourteen strongly barred
windows above the river, and a cut stone cornice, on the top of which were five iron
spikes, on the points of which the heads of criminals could be impaled by leaning over
the parapet wall, and the head of O'Sullivan Beare formed the ghastly ornament of the
centre spike, as it bleached in the wind ; for it seemed that no head would be removed
except to make room for a fresh one, and in those "hanging days" the spikes were
never empty. The half arch of the old bridge at the'northern side butts up against all
that is left of South Gate Gaol. It had a very handsome gate of cut stone for passengers
and traffic, and sentry boxes guarded it well from the bridge itself and from the South
Main Street. The gaol door was in that street, and was the spot at which all unfortu-
nate persons sentenced " to be flogged " from North Gate to South Gate, had to be
released. Now comes the long curve of Beamish and Crawford's Brewery, within
which, at various spots, there are handsome bits of sculptured stone, and others which
bear dates and inscriptions. The brewery itself forms the exact curve of the walled
and egg-shaped City of Cork, nearly as far as Clarke's Bridge. The new (white) part
of the brewery a little further west, it may be interesting to state, was up to fifty years
ago a salt and lime works, owned by the father of our talented and lamented fellow-
citizen, Jerome Collins, the "weather prophet," whose sad death from exposure on an
Arctic Exploration all have read of. It matters little to him now, for they brought his
remains home, and he is resting peacefully, with the mother that gave him birth, under
that Celtic cross at Curricuppane.
170 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
We have to pass over an ancient bridge here to follow the curve of the river
by Crosses Green, and this old bridge, or at least one on the same site, was the only
communication with Saint Marie's of the Isle. You will see the old bridge in the
(map) picture of Corkc in the Pacata Ilibemia, and you will also see St. Dominic's Mill.
That old saint's name is still used for the mill, which stood on the site of Hall's Mills
of the present day. There are many bits of antiquity about here, but it was outside
the walls of the city. I may say that St. Marie's of the Isle Convent is still on an
island intact, for it is entirely surrounded by water to this day. The conical structure
known as the " Glasshouse chimney " was well within the walls. There is a rough garden
around it, and at one part of this garden there is a large shed built against a very
strong wall. Pass round into Hanover Street into the premises of Mr. O'Connell,
builder, and you will be at the back of this shed, and standing under the largest piece
that remains of the city wall. It was an ancient glass bottle manufactory this old
chimney, and built of red brick made in the Brickfields (now the site of the Great
Southern and Western Railway Station). The bricks were made to follow the shape
of the cone and of the circle as it diminishes towards the top, and there is neither
crack nor flaw in one of them, in fact they are a splendid sample of Cork manufacture
of the old times. There are many samples of the black wine bottles made within it
yet remaining, such as "Magnums" (Imperial half gallon), which bear the name of
those they were made for; for instance " Dr. Blair, 1720," and others of a more recent
date. The interior of the chimney is fifty feet in diameter, and the old structure, if
not meddled with, will reach the date a.d. 2000. Botanists would be delighted with
it, for there is a wind-sown collection of curious weeds and plants round its base which
cannot be found elsewhere. The piece of city wall on Mr. O'Connell's premises is
mentioned in an old lease as "being built (the old premises) against the city wall."
It takes a curve from thence, which, if continued, would enclose the Court House,
Grattan Street, and part of Coach Street, but in those places there are but very few
traces of walls or flanking towers, until you follow the egg-shaped or oval form of
walled Cork up Bachelors Quay to the North Gate.
Here there are plenty of traces to be found at the back of the houses, such as a
very high and very thick piece of wall (red sandstone) behind the house of Mr. D. A.
O'Shea, corner house of North Main Street and Kyrls Quay, which undoubtedly
belonged to either the ancient or the more modern North Gate. There are large
portions of such walls behind the house of Mr. Simon Flynn, and many bits at the
other side of the street. By standing in the centre of the North Main Street and
looking south, you may recall several bits of Cork history, for there to the right, at
but a short distance from the bridge, stood Skiddy's Castle. Look at the picture of
it in the Pacata, but you will find but faint traces of it about here. There is a piece
of its wall yet remaining behind one of the houses ; the cellars used for storing gun-
powder when it was a Government magazine still remain, and part of a chimney-
stone of the castle is built into the house of Daly & Co., nearly opposite Adelaide
Street and Skiddy's Castle Lane (where nobody lives), is yet in its place.
There is no need to describe the ancient North Gate, for you have it before you in
the picture of walled Cork. The modern structure was the City Gaol for debtors, and
it was an imposing and high building of red sandstone, with limestone cornices and
window cases, but there was no parapet to its roof, so that people who got into the wrong
impression that heads were spiked there also must alter their views, unless they refer
to the ancient gate at the northern side, where heads were spiked ; indeed they were
rather ticklish times, for they would spike your head for a less offence than the
magistrates at the Police Office to-day would consider wiped out by "seven days."
ROUND ABOUT THE WALLS OF CORK.
171
Council Member John Paul Dalton holds some old premises on Kyrls Quay which have
traces of the old city walls, a cut stone from which he has already given a picture of in
this Journal. The lease of the place which he holds gives privileges "to the edge of
the river," for the ancient city walls were washed around their whole extent by the
pleasant waters of the River Lee.
Before we leave North Gate Bridge it is as well to give an imaginary look at the
City Gaol, with its double row of well-barred windows, from which prisoners let down
an old hat or a bag with the pitiful inscription, "Please remember the poor debtors;"
for the authorities gave them no food, and if their friends or charitable people gave
them no relief they would starve, for "whitewashing" and filing schedules were then
but a dim future, and the cry of the poor prisoners was often drowned by the rush of
the flooded river through the five arches of the old bridge. And under the centre
archway of the gaol itself the sentry walked his surly round, and the ready blow of the
butt of the old-fashioned musket made night wayfarers hasten through the smaller
archway for foot passengers ; for those were the days of oil lamps or no lamps, of
Martial Law and stringent measures, the very mildest of which were the " stocks " or the
pillory, or the whipping at the tail of a cart from the gaol door in the North Main Street
to the other gaol door in the South Main Street, about an English mile apart. But let
us be thankful that we live in an enlightened age, when the rule of a man's own
conduct will be his safeguard or otherwise.
Turning round the curve of Kyrls Street into Corn Market Street, the site of the
Police Office was the spot on which the flanking tower stood whose cannon were
pointed across at its opposite neighbour, Shandon Castle, or Lord Barry's Castle,
for you will see the whole of the present North Gate district was named " Lord Barry's
Countrie ;" but Lord Barry and his castle passed away, though the material of that
building remains, for our favourite but mad-looking structure, Shandon Steeple, is
built of it. It does not matter if the stone ran short and they had to make up the
deficiency with red sandstone. The two limestone sides are turned to the city and to
visitors, and it does not take one half note from the melody of its bells, which have
got out of their knowledge from too much praise from writers and poets, myself
included. But they are welcome to the praise, for I would not recall a single word if
I could. The river, in the memory of several old people still living, came up as far as
Kyle Street, and formed the Coal Quay Dock, but from Kyle Street southward the
place is Corn Market Street.
There are few traces of antiquity about here, but the pillars of that Grecian edifice
called the Bazaar Market, are the pillars of the old Exchange, a very handsome Dutch-
style building, at the corner of Castle Street. It was in the way they said; but here is
Castle Street itself. It was a street of one side only, when the walls were up, for the
wall of the dock formed its southern side, and Roche's Castle at the Main Street end,
and the King's Castle at this end gave it the name which it still retains. But here, a
few doors from Castle Street, towards the Parade, stood the King's Castle at the
northern side of the Water Gate, and the spot to which I promised to bring you back,
after going all around the walls. I told you little or nothing of the interior of the
walled city, you can read it yourself from many sources, but the three castellated gates
and the numerous flanking towers have disappeared, and can only be seen in pictures.
Still you have walked round the whole extent of that little red spot on the big
map, and though you may be tired of details you cannot well complain of too long a
journey " Round about the Walls of Cork."
IJ2 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
jNfotes on the Council j^ooK 0/ ClonaKilty,
Now in llir possession of the Rev. J. Hume Townseud, D.D.
Collected by DOROTHEA TOWNSHEND.
IX.
/ / ^ a colllt 'ie^ ^or S(^" burrough on Saturday, the 25th day of July,
Clou hnakilt l^2^' De'nS Saint James' day, the Rt. Hon^le James Earl of Barry-
' more, the Honble Brigadier George Freke, and the Honble Sr Percy
Freke, bart., were elected and chosen to be returned to the lord of the soyle, in order
for his appointing one of them suffrain for the ensuing year by the undernamed suffrain
and burgesses and deputy recorder, pursuant to the charter.
Hary Freke, Suffrn., John Townesend,
Robt. Travers, Arnold Gookin,
Ran. Warner, John Birde.
Richard Hungerford, Dep. Rec.
Burrough of
Cloughnakilty.
The court held for this burrough on Sunday, the 18th day of 8ber>
1724, being St. Luke's day, Captain John Birde, for want of a letter of
election from the lord of the soyle, was unanimously elected and
sworn suffrain for the ensuing year, pursuant to the charter, by the undernamed
suffrain and burgesses, and had the ensigns of authority delivered to him.
Harry Freke, Suffrn., Robert Travers,
Emanuel Moore, John Townesend,
Richard Cox, John Bourne.
Emanuel Moore, jun*".
It. is further enacted and recorded that the above election and swearing has been
made on the Lord Viscount Carleton, lord of the soyle, not signifying his election of
one of the three nominated and returned to him by the suffrain and burgesses on
St. James' day, and not out of disregard to his lordship's priviledge, which the suffrain
and burgesses will always defend, together with the rights and libertys of the corpora-
tion, pursuant to the charter and to the opinion of the recorder, as at the other side.
John Birde, Suffr., Robert Travers,
Emanuel Moore, John Townesend,
Richd. Cox. John Bourne.
Emanuel Moore,
A copy of Councillor Bernard's opinion, delivered to the court on Saint Luke's day,
1724, no election being signifyed by the lord of the soyle, I have perused a copy of the
charter of Cloughnakilty, which was layed before me by Captain Snowe, and, as the
charter is worded, I am of opinion as followeth, viz. : — That if the corporation hath
done its duty by nominating three persons on Saint James' day, and presenting their
names to the lord of the soyle in due time, and his lordship has neglected to signify to
the corporation the pson. he designs should be sworn suffrain before the day of
swearing, then in such case there being a neglect in the lord of the soyle, the right of
NOTES ON THE COUNCIL BOOK OF CLONAKILTY.
J73
election is, I conceive, devolved on the corporation, and they may elect and sware in a
magistrate on St. Luke's day. But if the lord of the soyle had nominated, and his
nominee had not appeared on St. Luke's day to be sworn, then the corporation would
not have any right to elect or swear in a new suffrain, because the lord would not in
that case have been under any neglect ; but the old suffrain must have continued till a
new one had been duly elected and sworn according to the charter.
8ber the 16th, 1724. Francis Bernard.
I am of the same opinion. Richard Cox copiavera.
Richard Hungerford, Dept. Record.
This Councillor Bernard is probably Francis, son of Francis Bernard,
of Castlebernard. He was M.P. for Clonakilty, 1725-26-60. He died
1793, s.p., having married Anne, only daughter of Henry Petty, M.P.,
afterwards Earl of Shelbourne.
g j At a court held for the said burrough the 17th day of December,
rJ j ry{ l724i by the undernamed suffrain, burgesses, and deputy recorder, the
Honble Captain David Barry was admitted and sworn a burgess of this
corporation in the room of Mr. Arnold Gookin, deceased, pursuant to the charter in
that case.
John Birde, Suffrn., John Bourne,
Richard Cox, John Townesend.
Jonas Travers,
Richard Hungerford, Depty. Record.
At a court there held the 17th day of March, 1724, by the under-
Chu^hliakiUy name^ soveraign, burgesses, and deputy recorder, Mr. Samuel Jervois,
' of Brade, was sworn a burgess of this corporation in the room of
Mr. Randle Warner, deceased, pursuant to the charter and to the statute in that case
made.
At the same court Mr. Henry Owen and John Mead, junr, was sworn freeman.
At the same court Mr. Horatio Townesend and Mr. William Symes were sworn
freemen.
John Birde, Suffrn., John Townesend,
Emanuel Moore, Richard Cox,
Percy Freke, Hary Freke,
John Bourne, Richd. Hungerford,
John Meade may be the first baronet of the name, son of Lieutenant-
Colonel W. Meade. Possibly he was son of the Very Rev. W. Mead,
dean of Cork and rector of Ballymartle, by Helena, daughter of
Bryan Townesend. He married Susanna, daughter of the Rev. Horatio
Townesend, ninth son of Bryan, and had no children. Mr. Horatio
Townesend, of Bridgemount ; born 1699 ; died 1764 ; high sheriff 1737 ;
grandson of Cornelius, eighth son of Colonel Richard Townesend. He
married Anne Richards, of Cork, and had one son, Cornelius, who
died s.p.
174 CORK HISTORICAL AND .ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
, „ At a court held for said burrough on Monday, the 2;th day of Inly.
/> It/'/'OM " /l <>1
Cloughnakilty I72^' ^lr 1>ercy Frel{e» bart-» Francis Bernard, esqr» and Mr. Samuel
Jervois were nominated to be returned to the lord of the burrough, in
order to his lordship's electing one of the three to serve as suffrain for the ensuing
year by the undernamed burgesses, suffrain, and deputy recorder.
John Birde Sul'frn., Arthur Bernard,
Richard Cox, John Townesend,
Emanuel Moore, Hary Freke,
John Bourne, Richard Townesend.
John Honner,
Richard Hungerford, Dept. Reed.
At a court held for the said burrough on Wednesday, the 4th of
Cloughnakilty AuSust> I725> Ricnard Cox escT' was elected and sworn burgess of
' this corporation in the room of Capt. Jonas Travers deceased, by the
undernamed suffrain, burgesses, and deputy recorder.
At the same court Mr. Abraham Dickson, Mr. Lawrence Bryan and Benjamin
Boyce were admitted and sworn freemen, as also Mr. William Coughlan.
John Birde, Suffn., John Bourne,
Richard Cox, Emanuel Moore junr.,
Emanuel Moore, John Townesend.
Richd. Hungerford, Dep. Reed.
Cou t fC I At 3 Court of record neld for S(J- burrough on Thursday, the 16th
Burrough of day of September, 1725, pursuant to an order directed to us by John
Cloughnakilty. Colethurst esqr» high sheriff of said county, grounded on his Majestie's
suit of sumons bearing test the eleventh day September instant
requiring us to elect a discreet burgess to serve in his Majestie's present parliament to
meet in Dublin the twenty-first instant. Now we, the suffrain burgesses and freemen
have elected and chosen Francis Bernard junr. esqr> jointly with Brigadier George
Freke, to represent this corporation in said parliament by a great majoritie of votes.
Freemen :
Henry Jones, John Birde, Suffrain,
John Bateman, David Barry,
Henry Alleyne, Emanuel Moore,
Stephen Jermyn, John Bourne,
Robert Morley, Robert Travers,
William Stone. Arth. Bernard,
Richard Townesend,
Samuel Jervois,
Hary Freke,
Richard Hungerford, Dep. Record.
At a court held for sd. burrough on Monday, the 10th 8t>er, 1725, the
urroug oj j^pnbie £apt Davicl Barry, on the lord of the soyles not making his
election of one of the three returned to him by the corporation on
Saint James' day, was unanimously elected and sworn to be the suffrain for the
NOTES ON THE COUNCIL BOOK OF CLONAKILTY.
175
ensuing year, pursuant to the charter, and had the ensigns of authority delivered to
him.
John Birde, Suffrn., Samuel Jervois,
Richard Cox, Emanuel Moore,
John Bourne, Arthur Bernard,
Robt. Travers, Hary Freke,
John Townesend, Richard Cox.
Richard Hungerford, Dept. Recorder.
At a court of record held for the burrough on Monday, the 25th of
urroug 1 oj jujyf 1726, the Honourable George Wandesford, Capt. Charles Gookin,
and Richard Cox, esqr> were nominated by the suffrain and burgesses
to be returned to the lord of the soyle, in order for his lordship to elect one of them
to serve as suffrain for the ensuing year, pursuant to the charter.
David Barry, Suffrn., John Townesend,
Richard Cox, Richard Townesend,
Emanuel Moore, John Bourne.
Emanuel Moore, junr.
Richard Hungerford, Dep. Recr.
At the same court Willm. Blair esq1". Thos. Crooke esqr> Mr. James and John Cox
as also Mr. Gilbert Mellifont, were admitted and sworn to be freemen.
At a court held for the said burrough on Saturday the 13th of
Burrough of ^UgUSt ^v ^e undernamed suffrain burgesses and deputy
recorder, Roger Bernard esqr freeman was elected and sworn a
burgess of this burrough in the room of Michael Becher esq1" deceased pursuant to the
statute. At the same court the Reverend Jemmett Brown the Reverend Henry Clarke
Mr. William Conner Mr. Henry Wallis Mr. John Coughlan and Mr. Lavers Alleyane
were admitted and sworn freemen.
David Barry Suffn. Emanuel Moore
Richard Cox Harry Freke
Emanuel Moore Robt: Travers
Arth: Bernard Saml Jervois
Francis Bernard Rob: Travers
Joseph Jervois
Richd. Hungerford Dept. Rec.
The Rev. Jemmett Browne, born 1702, was son and heir of Edward
Browne, of Riverstown, merchant of Cork, by Judith, daughter and heir
of Warham Jemmett, collector of the port of Cork. He was made free-
man of Cork in 1728, dean of Ross 1733, bishop of Killaloe 1743, bishop
of Cork 1745, archbishop of Tuam 1778 ; died 1782, and was buried
in the cathedral of Cork in the tomb of Colonel Pigot. His remains,
with those of other bishops, were removed by Dr. Caulneld to new
graves.
Mr. William Connor, M.P. for Bandon, son of Daniel Connor,
merchant, of Bandon, who purchased estates at Manch. He married,
176
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
1727, Anne, daughter of Roger Bernard, of Palace Anne, and had Roger
and William.
At a court held for the burrough on Monday the 15th day of
August 1726 the undernamed suffrain, burgesses and deputy record.
Burrough of
Cloughnakilty.
John Towncsend esq1' council-at-law was elected and chosen burgess
of this corporation in the room of Robert Gillman esqr deceased pursuant to the
statute.
David Barry Sovern. Arth : Bernard
Richard Cox Hary Freke
Emanuel Moor Robt: Travers
Richard Townesend Rob. Travers
Samuel Jervois Francis Bernard
Richard Cox Emanuel Moore
John Birde Roger Bernard
Joseph Jervois
Richd. Hungerford Dep. Rec.
It is not easy to identify this John Townesend, as he may have been
John Townesend of Skirtagh, born 1691, third son of Bryan, or John of
Courtmacsherry, son of the above John, or John, born 1698, grandson of
Cornelius Townesend, eighth son of Colonel Townesend.
Burrough of
Cloughnakilty.
At a court held for the said burrough on Tuesday the 18th of 8ber
1726 being St. Luke's day and the day appointed by the charter for
swearing a suffrain for the ensuing year, a letter was produced and
signed Andrew Crotty, signifying that the Lord of the Burrough elected Richard Cox to
be suffrain for the ensuing year, and the Lord not sending the letter, and the said Cox
not appearing the Honoble David Barry was unanimously re-elected and sworn suffrain
for the year ensuing and had the ensigns of authority delivered to him by the under-
nam'd burgesses and deputy recorder.
Arthur Bernard Richard Townesend
Emanuel Moore Saml. Jervois
Hary Freke John Townsend
Richd. Hungerford Dep. Rec.
At a court held for the said burrough the 9th of 9ber 1726 by the
Clou^hnakilt ^on°ble David Barry suffraine and Richard Hungerford genl. deputy
' recorder Mr. Thomas Blennerhasset was admitted and sworn freeman.
David Barry Suffr.
Richd. Hungerford Dep. Rec.
„ , , At a court held for said burrough on Wednesday the 5th of April
Burrough of
CI h'lt l729 kv the undernamed suffrain burgesses and deputy recorder
' Mr. Cornelius Townesend was admitted and sworn a burgess of the
said corporation in the roome of Emanuel Moore esqr deceased pursuant to the statute
NOTES ON THE COUNCIL BOOK OF CLONAKILTY.
177
and charter. At the same court Mr. Richard Goodman and Mr. Nicholas George were
sworn freemen.
John Townesend Richard Cox
Richard Townesend John Townesend
Samuel Jervois
(This entry seems to have been misplaced).
_ At a court held for the said burrough on Wednesday the 19th of
Buwou&h of
Cloughnakilty 1^2^ ^e undernamed suffrain, burgesses and deputy recorder
' Mr. James Cox was Unanimously elected and sworn burgess of this
corporation in room of John Birde esqr deceased pursuant to the statute.
At the same court Joseph Jervois esq1- one of the burgesses of this burrough came
into court, who by reason of his age and infirmity desir'd to be discharg'd out of the
fellowship of the burgesses of this corporation and was by the consent of the under-
named suffrain and burgesses disfranchised out of the same and the Honoble Sir
Richard Meade bart. unanimously sworn burgess in his place.
David Barry Suff. Samuel Jervois
Emanuel Moore Hary Freke
Richard Cox John Townesend
Robt Travers John Honner
Cornelius Townesend Richd. Cox
Richard Townesend John Bowrne
Arthur Bernard
Richd. Hungerford, Recorder.
At the same court the Revd Mr. William Meade, Coletrop Mead esqr and Mr.
Robert Goold were admitted and sworn freemen of the corporation.
Probably the Very Rev. William Mead, dean of Cork and rector of
Ballymartle, son of Robert Meade and Frances, daughter of Sir P.
Courthope. He married Helena, daughter of Bryan Townesend, and
had a son, the Rev. W. Meade. Coletrop is clearly a mistake for
Courthope.
At a court held for said burrough on Tuesday the 25th day of July
Cloughnakilt > l^2^ ^eing Saint James' day and the day for nominating three of the
J ' burgesses to be returned to the lord of the soyle in order for his lord-
ships electing one of the three to serve as suffrain for the ensuing year, Richard
Cox esqr Cornelius Townesend esqr and James Cox were nominated to be return'd
to the lord of the soyle pursuant to the charter by the undernam'd soveraigne burgesses
and deputy recorder.
David Barry Suffrn. John Bowrne
Emanuel Moore Rog. Bernard
Robert Travers Hary Freke
Richard Cox James Cox
Cor. Townesend Saml. Jervois
Richard Hungerford Dept. Recorder.
{To be continued.)
iyS CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII/EOLOCICAL SOCIETY.
Cork jM/p's., 1559-1800.
Being a Biographical Dictionary of the Members oe Parliament for the
City, the County, and the Boroughs of the County of Cork, from the
earliest returns to the Union.
By C M. TENISON, B.L., M.R.I.A.
[Fomfreide (or Pomfret), John.
M.P. Cork City, 1380.
Mayor of Cork, 1386. Was one of those summoned by Colton, the Chancellor, to meet
at St. Peter's Church, Cork, upon the death, at the house of the Friars Preachers, on
26th December, 1380, of Edward Earl of March and Ulster, for the purpose of choosing
a Lord Justice. The " Prelates, Peers, and Commons" were summoned, and Colton
was chosen. See Lawelyn, Thomas ; Roche, David FitzThomas ; and Staunton, Miles.']
Fonsonby, Richard, of Crotto, Kerry.
M.P. Kinsale, 1731-60.
Eldest son of Thomas Ponsonby, of Crotto (who was son of Henry Ponsonby, a
Cromwellian soldier, who got Crotto and Stackstown, county Kerry, assigned him, and
whose brother was ancestor to the Lords Bessborough), by Susannah, daughter of
Samuel Grice, of county Limerick.
He was ll.d. {lion, can.), t.c.d., 1754. He petitioned against the return of Gervais
Parker {q.v.) for Kinsale, and obtained the seat.
He married Helen, daughter of Sir John Meade, bart., and d.s.p.
Fonsonby, William (Brabazon), afterwards Lord Ponsonby.
M.P. Cork City, 1764-68; 1769-75; Bandon, 1775-83.
Eldest son of the Right Hon. John Ponsonby, m.p., Speaker of the House of Commons
(I.), by Lady Elizabeth Cavendish, daughter of third Duke of Devonshire ; and grandson
of first Earl of Bessborough.
He was born 15th September, 1744; M.P. also for county Kilkenny, 1783-90;
1790-97; 1798-1800; and (in the Imperial Parliament) 1800-1806. Joint postmaster-
general, 1784 and 1789. Created Baron Ponsonby, 1806.
He married, 25th December, 1769, Hon. Louisa Molesworth, daughter of third
Viscount Molesworth (she re-married Earl Fitzwilliam, and died 1824). He died
5th November, 1806, leaving issue. Male line and peerage extinct.
Fonsonby, William (afterwards Sir William).
M.P. Bandon, 1796-97.
Second son of William Ponsonby, m.p. {q.v.), first Lord Ponsonby. He was M.P. also
for Fethard, 1798-1800, and (in the Imperial Parliament) for Londonderry, 1812-15;
k.c.b. ; lieutenant-colonel 5th Dragoons, and a major-general. He fell at Waterloo.
He married, 20th January, 1807, Hon. Georgina Fitzroy, daughter of first Lord
Southampton, and had issue. His eldest son became third Lord Ponsonby (extinct).
Fooley, Robert, of Dublin.
M.P. Castlemartyr, 1692; 1695-99.
Younger son of Thomas Pooley, m.p. {q.v.) He and Sir Richard Hull {q.v.) were the
first two members for the borough of Castlemartyr, which was incorporated 28th July,
1674. He was a commissioner of the Excise, and died unmarried.
CORK M.P'S.
179
Fooley, Thomas.
M.P. Mallow, 1661.
Probably son of Lieutenant Thomas Pooley, an officer in Sir Adam Loftus' troop, and
" now (1642) at garrison in Dundalk under Captain Cadogan."
He married, before 1657, Mary Southwell (she was living 1675), and had issue.
His three daughters, viz.: — Catherine married first, Daniel Molyneaux, and secondly,
Rev. William Campbell, who died 1750; Elizabeth married Mr. Baskerville ; and
Frances married Sir Richard Hull {q.v.) His sons were: — Thomas, M.P. for New-
castle, and died after 1722; Neville, who married Mary Jervoise, of Dublin, and died
after 1675 ; John, afterwards bishop of Raphoe; Giles, m.a. ; and Robert, m.p {q.v.)
Fortyngall, John.
M.P. Youghal, 1559.
Mayor (qy.) of Youghal, 1651, and again, 1572, The family (originally presumably
from Portugal) was a prominent one in the town for many generations.
Powell, Ed mo ncl,
M.P. Rathcormick in James II. 's Parliament, 1689
Power, John, of Kilbelone.
M.P. Charleville in James II. 's Parliament, 1689.
Son of David Power, of Kilbelone, a '49 officer, who was "forfeited" by Cromwell,
but restored by Charles II. He was one of the assessors for county Cork for
James II. 's " Tax on Personal Estates in Ireland for the benefit of Trade and
Commerce." He became a lieutenant-colonel in the service of France.
Prittie, Francis Aldborough.
M.P. Doneraile, 1800.
Second son of first Lord Dunalley, by Catherine, daughter of Francis Sadleir, of
Sopwell, and widow of John Barry. He was born 4th June, 1779; married first,
10th September, 1800, Martha, only daughter of Cooke Otway, and widow of George
Hartpole (she died 1802, having had a daughter) ; he married secondly, 1803,
Elizabeth, only daughter of Right Hon. George Ponsonby, and had three sons (the
eldest of whom succeeded as third Lord Dunalley), and two daughters.
He was M.P. also for Carlow, 1801 ; Tipperary, 1806-31.
Frendergast, Thomas, of Kildare Street, Dublin.
M.P. Castlemartyr, 1796-97; Clonakilty, 1797-1800.
Son of Thomas Prendergast by Jane, daughter of Samuel Gordon, and descended from
a family long settled at Newcastle, county Tipperary, in which there was a baronetcy,
now extinct.
He was called to the bar, 1787 ; a commissioner of Bankruptcy.
He married Charlotte, daughter of Charles O'Neill, m.p. {q.v.), and had issue.
Price, Cromwell.
M.P. Kinsale, 1783-90.
Probably son of Nicholas Price, m.p., of Saintfield, county Down, by his second wife,
Maria, daughter of Colonel Alexander MacKenzie ; and nephew of Cromwell Price,
m.p., Downpatrick, 1727.
Was M.P. also for Monaghan borough, 1790-97; Fore, county Westmeath, 1798.
He died before 1 800.
i8o
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Purdon, Bartholomew, of Ballyclough.
M.P, Mallow, 1703-13; Doneraile, 1713-14; Castlcmartyr, 1715-27;
1727 till his decease in 1737.
Eldest son of Bartholomew Purdon, by Alicia, daughter of Major-General John Jcphson,
of Mallow, m.p. (q.v.), and grandson of Sir Nicholas Ptirdoji, m.p. (q.v.)
He was born about 1675; high sheriff, Cork, 1708; married Anne, daughter of
Colonel Chidley Coote, and had issue an only daughter. He died 19th July, 1737, and
the inscription on his tomb says : — " He was justice of the peace, member of parlia-
ment, and lieutenant of the county thirty-nine years, during which time he strictly
observed justice, faithfully served his king, and was a patriot to his country."
Purdon, Henry, of Cork.
M.P. Charleville, 1721-27.
Son of Adam Purdon, by Mary Clayton, of Mallow, and grandson of Sir Nicholas
Purdon, m.p. (q.v.), and cousin of above.
He was a major in the army. He married a daughter of Henry Bowerma?t, of
Coolyne, m.p. {q.v.), and d.s.p.
Purdon, Sir Nicholas, of Ballyclough.
M.P. Baltimore, 1661.
Fifth son of John Purdon, of Tullagh, county Clare, by Eleanor, daughter of Sir John
Fleming, and niece of Lord Slane.
He was knighted 1660-1, by the Lords Justices. He married Ellis, daughter of
Henry Stephens, of Broghill, county Cork, and had issue, Bartholomew Purdon,
m.p. (q.v.)
He died 1678. (See Caulfield's Cork Municipal Records, p. 11 57).
Read, John, of Coolnelonge.
M.P. Bandon, 1661.
Richardson, Edward, of Mooretown, als. Castlemore, gent.
M.P. Baltimore, 1692 ; 1695-99.
Was, I believe, an attorney in Cork. He received £$ from the corporation in 17 10 for
his services to the city " touching the prohibition of corn ;" and again, a little later, he
received five guineas, " besides what he laid out in feeing counsel."
Biggs, Edward, of Riggsdale.
M.P. Bandon, 1692; 1695-99; Baltimore, 1703-13.
Was one of the trustees for the disbursement of the fund levied for the relief of the
inhabitants of Bandon in 1691, under the Act providing for a levy on each county in
Munster ; free of Cork, 1691 ; was indicted for high treason by one Major Lawless, in
1684, " for saying that he (Riggs) had a good estate in England, and that if he could
not live quietly in Ireland he would go thither !" As a matter of fact he did go thither
in 1689, he and his wife and five children. His income was then ^800 a year, " besides
^120 arising out of offices."
Was M.P. also for Bangor, county Down, 1715-27.
[Roche, David FltzThomas, knt.
M.P. Cork County, 1380.
See under Pomf?reide, John.]
CORK M.P'S.
181
Hoehe, Alderman Doininick, of Cork.
M.P. Cork County, 1639.
Son of William Roche, of Cork.
Was apparently a contractor; lent the corporation ^10 in 1624 to help it out of
some financial difficulty; built the market house in New Street, 1630; undertook a
contract to build certain bridges in the city in 1633, which resulted in a loss of ^200,
for which the corporation indemnified him by allowing him the customs of the port
for one year. Unlike his predecessors, Dominick Coppinger and Sir William Sarsfield
(q.v.), he did not forego his payment as Member of Parliament, for on 20th of August,
1 641, he gave a receipt for the sums paid him " towards the allowance granted unto me
by the corporation of Cork, being employed as one of the burgesses of parliament,
at the rate of 7s. 6d. per diem, viz. : — 232 days for the third, fourth, and fifth sessions
of said parliament, the sum of £Sy sterling," etc., etc. He was probably the Alderman
Dominick Roche, the first whiskey distiller in Cork of whom we have express mention.
His " maulte-house," adjoining his garden is (says Windele) mentioned in the Roche
MSS. in 1618 ; and elsewhere it is stated that, at his death, he left " a barrel and a-half
of aqua vita, worth £1$ sterling ; thirty barrels of maulte, worth twenty shillings the
barrel ; also, one great kettle for brewing, one aqua vitce pot, and one brass pan."
He was mayor of Cork 1609, being the first to hold that office under the new charter
of James I. (There were, at least, two other persons named Dominick Roche con-
nected at this time with the corporation — one, a son of John Roche, and one, a son of
Edmond).
{See Smith's Cork, i. 420, and Windele's South of Ireland, pp. 29 and 102),
Roche, Dominick, of Kinsale.
M.P. Kinsale, 1613.
Son of Richard Roche, of Kinsale. Free of Cork city, 13th October, 1642.
Roche, James, of Kinsale.
M.P. Kinsale, 16 13.
Son of- Philip Roche, of Kinsale, m.p. {q.v.) Was a merchant trading with France,
whither he went in 1603 "about his merchandise."'
Roche, James, of Kinsale.
M.P. Kinsale, 1634.
(Probably the same as the foregoing).
Roche, Patrick, of Kinsale.
M.P. Kinsale, 1639.
Second son of Richard Roche, of Powlenelong, (" sovereign " of Kinsale and J.P., and
" descended from the house of Fermoy "), by his second wife, Jennet, daughter of
Patrick Gould, of Cork. His castle of Powlenelong (Shippool), was besieged by Captain
Adderley in 1642, and one hundred "rebels" slain. He suffered forfeiture under
Cromwell; was in rebellion, and was outlawed in 1641.
He married Katherine, daughter of Thomas Sarsfield, of Cork.
Roche, Philip, of Kinsale.
M.P. Kinsale, 1585.
Probably son of Philip Roche, of Kinsale, and descended from the old Lords Fermoy.
He was fined £$0 in 1606 for not attending divine service according to the reformed
church.
( To be continued).
1 82 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Conversazione of the CorK historical & Archaeological
Society & Cork jNaturalists field Club.
N ioth March a conversazione was held in the ballroom of the Imperial
Hotel under the joint auspices of the Cork Historical and Archaeological
Society and the Cork Naturalists' Field Club. Both these organizations,
working in some respects on parallel lines, are accomplishing an impor-
tant work in the south of Ireland, and their union on the present occasion
was appropriate and happy. The ballroom was decorated with much taste, and supplied
with perfect electric illumination by Mr. Percival. A short musical programme gave
additional charm to the proceedings.
In opening the conversazione, Mr. Robert Day, J.P., F.S.A., said by the very merest
accident of birth his name had been placed first upon the programme, and that because
the society over which he had the honour to preside was a little older than its twin sister
the Field Club. He took no credit whatever to himself for the happy union of that
evening, as he was away from Cork when all the arrangements were made, and when
the idea was commenced by Mr. Copeman. On his having informed him of what had
been done his only regret was that the conversazione could not have been continued
upon a second day, so that a larger number of the country members of both societies
would have been afforded an opportunity of seeing the various collections which had
been so generously lent for the occasion. In Belfast a Field Club had flourished for
a quarter of a century. He was a member of it for quite that period, and he alluded
to it because it embraced from its inception archaeology and the study of Irish antiquities.
It held its annual conversaziones, at many of which he had been present, and it gave
him pleasure to testify that the Field Club of Belfast had done more for the practical
study of the archaeology of the north of Ireland than any other kindred society in the
kingdom. He well remembered when the flint flake knife and scraper were unknown
in Antrim, until they were sought for and gathered by a few of its members, foremost
among whom was their old townsman, Mr. William Gray, who had done more pioneer
work for his adopted province than perhaps any other man in it. The section which
was developed by the antiquaries grew and flourished. In Antrim, the home of the
flint, a county of many lakes and upland plains and hills, and within sight of Scotland,
there must have been in pre-historic and early Christian times a larger and more thickly-
populated district than perhaps in any other part of Ireland. This was evidenced by the
vast number of stone implements and weapons, flints and arrows, spears and tools, with
those of more recent Celtic bronze, which occurred there. Prior to the foundation of the
Field Club all these, with few exceptions, were either unheeded, thrown away, or sold
to dealers and such like, and were thus lost to the country. Among the outside col-
lectors he had done his share, and continued to do so until the members of the club
woke up and in their turn became collectors, and so his occupation in the hunting
grounds of Antrim, Down, and Derry came to an end. What that club had done for
the north their dual clubs should do for the south. He feared that the name and
claims of the Archaeological Society were not so attractive to the general public as were
those of the Naturalists' Field Club. He knew a little of the enjoyment of the naturalist,
the pleasures of the botanist, the patient study of the student of geology, and the
CONVERSAZIONE.
183
fascination and delight that centred in the revelations of the microscope ; but he could
claim for the so-called dry subject of antiquities that the objects embraced by it were
quite as varied and equally enjoyable. In it they saw the study of the past in the
ornaments, dress, and weapons, which had been entomed for centuries ; the flint and
stone remains which carried them back to pre-historic times ; the megalithic monument
that marked the dawn of history; the coin cabinet that contained so many marvellous
histories of individuals and countries ; the illuminated manuscripts that take us back
to the cultured and patient love-labour of the cloister ; the engraved gem of the advanced
civilisation of Greece and Rome, and of the earlier engravers, the work of Egypt and
Babylon ; the mediaeval seal and the finger ring in all its varieties of character. He
trusted that the conversazione would be the forerunner of similar yearly gatherings, and
that the Cork Historical and Archoeological Society and the Cork Naturalists' Field
Club might travel hand-in-hand together for many years to come. He would now make
way for one who was a master in the domain of science and natural history, Mr.
William H. Shaw, president of the Cork Field Club.
Mr. W. H. Shaw, M.E., j.p., briefly addressed those present, and explained the objects
of the Cork Naturalists' Field Club, which were merely to give lovers of all sorts of
natural sciences an opportunity of combining together, in the summer searching for
objects of interest in the country, and in the winter of comparing the objects which had
been found, and of promoting lectures upon subjects connected with their research.
The club was formed about four years ago, chiefly owing to a lecture that was given
by Mr. Copeman, their indefatigable secretary. The club also owed a great deal to
two others, whose enthusiasm for natural sciences and perfect knowledge of many
kindred subjects had done more to develop the club than anything else. He alluded
to Professor Hartog and Miss Martin. They had in the south of Ireland a magnificent
field for research, and he might say that intending members would not have to face any
such thing as a matriculation examination.
Professor Cole, f.g.s., president Dublin Naturalists' Field Club, also spoke in a
most interesting style on the motives and aims of the Field Club, after which the
conversazione was declared open.
The display of exhibits was of an extensive and comprehensive character, and
illustrated to a large degree the scope and resources of the joint societies associated
with the conversazione. Both the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society, and the
Cork Naturalists' Field Club were represented by many exhibitors, whose specimens
drawn from nature and art, were antique, rare, or costly. Mr. Robert Day, f.s.a., without
whom no exhibitions of the class would be complete, showed the flags of the Cork
Volunteers, with the medals and regimental decorations of the First Volunteers of 1782
and 1796, and many other curiosities. He was only represented by a fraction of his
well-known collection, but the selections were very interesting. There were flags of
the Cork Volunteers and Yeomanry decorations. Among the Volunteer decorations
were the C.B. gold star, and cross and gold medal for Java, given to Lieutenant-Colonel
James Watson, of the 1st Battalion 14th Regiment, who led the storming party at
Java ; gold medal for Salamanca ; gold medal for the Egyptian campaign of 1801, given
by the Sultan to Robert Fulton, who commanded the 79th Highlanders. A unique
exhibit was the standard of the Old Blackpool Horse of 1790, which is in a wonderful
state of preservation. There were also to be seen in Mr. Day's collection a fine show
of early bronze and gold Celtic ornaments. A rare exhibit were the chalices of the
Franciscan and Dominican Fathers. These articles, all consecrated, were enclosed in
a glass case, and some are of almost priceless value. They included a ciborium, silver-
gilt, date 1614; chalices, silver-gilt, dates 1610, 161 1, 1632, 1639, 1741, etc., from the
184 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Abbeys of Shandon, Timoleague, Youghal, Buttevant, and Ardfcrt ; a silver monstrance
of the Convent of St. Francis, Cork, 1789, with the Cork Goldsmiths mark, "sterling."
Some of the chalices were of Cork work, and others of Spanish make. Mr. W. K.
Atkins showed a curious bassoon, or contra fayotto, standing eight feet high. It was
made for Handel in the year 1739 by Stanesby, junr., London. It was first played
upon in Handel's orchestra at the Marylebone Gardens on the 6th August, 1739, DY
F. J. Lange, and afterwards used at the commemoration festival in 1784 by John
Ashby, in Westminster Abbey. Amongst other interesting exhibits made were those
of Mr. Greenwood Pirn, m.a., Dublin, who showed photographs of the Book of Kelts
taken by himself. Professor G. A. J. Cole, f.g.s., president Dublin N. F. C, phyolitic
lavas, including natural glass from the volcano of Tardree, county Antrim, and
enlarged photographs of features of the Higher Alps, illustrating phenomena of glacial
areas, by the late W. F. Doiikin (lent from the Geological Laboratory, Royal College
of Science for Ireland). Professor T. Johnson, d.sc, Dublin N. F. C, sent Alpine
flowers, prepared by Lady Rachel Saunderson ; coloured drawings of freshwater algae,
by M. C. Cook ; rare Irish seaweeds, all exquisite specimens of their class. Mr. G. H.
Carpenter, b.sc, Dublin N. F. C, set of Irish moths, illustrating variation, and insects,
illustrating protective coloration and mimicry, were very fine. Mr. R. Lloyd Praeger,
B.A., B.E., hon. sec. Dublin N. F. C. and I. F. Club Union, showed flowering plants
gathered at the last Galway excursion of the club, and many other specimens of rare
Irish flowering plants. Mr. W. H. Phillips, f.r.h.s., Belfast N. F. C, was represented
by nature prints of rare varieties of British ferns ; and Mr. Robert Welch, Belfast
N. F. C, by photographs of Galway Field Club conference and excursion, 1895.
Professor M. Hartog, m.a., d.s.c, Queen's College, had on exhibition type specimens
of rotifers, prepared by C. Rousselet, f.r.m.s. ; live objects illustrating pond life ;
palaeolitic flint instruments from India, collected by Dr. J. C. Smith ; and Miss H. A.
Martin, Siamese flowers, pressed, mounted, and named, by Mrs. G. H. Grindrod,
Bangkok. Mr. R. A. Phillips, rare and characteristic plants of county Cork, land and
freshwater shells ; and Mr. J. J. Wolfe, Skibbereen, some British moths and butterflies.
The Misses Chillingworth and Lester exhibited fifty botanical specimens from Cross-
haven, pressed and mounted. Mr. W. B. Barrington, sea birds' and waders' eggs ;
and Mrs. J. H. Thompson, microscopes — live objects. Mr. H. Lund showed photo-
graphic transparencies, snap-shots on the Field Club excursions. Mr. F. R. Rohu,
rare specimens, black rat, squacco heron, white shrew, etc. Mr. T. Farrington, m.a.,
geological specimens, telescopic speculums made in Cork in the last century, and Irish
paper money, 1804-1806. Mr. F. Neale, hon. sec. Limerick N. F. C, specimens of
G. quadra, G. rhamni, Dolomedes fimbriata, etc. Mr. Herber t Webb Gillman, vice-president
Cork Historical and Archaeological Society, the colours of the Muskerry Cavalry (lent
by the owner, Captain R. Tonson Rye, of Rye Court); orderly book of the same
corps, 1822-44 (lent by Sir Augustus Warren, bart., of Warren's Court), and other
exhibits. Mr. J. P. Dalton presented the statue of William III. formerly in the
Mansion House, Cork); and Mr. Allan P. Swan, f.l.s., photographs of micro-fungi,
including salmon disease. Mr. W. B. Haynes, coat of an Irish volunteer. Mr. J. H.
Bennett, Galway rent roll, temp. Elizabeth ; petition of Kinsale fishermen, temp-
Charles I. ; and the Munster Camera Club, frames of photographic transparencies
exhibited by Messrs. W. R. Atkins, R. S. Baker, J. Bennett, J. Day, E. Scott, H.
Schroter, and C. H. Pearne. The Cross of the Knight of St. Gregory, worn by the
late Mr. John Francis Maguire, m.p., Mayor of Cork, and the collar, badge, diploma,
and notes of Mr. John Delany, Commendatore of the Order of the Advocates of
St. Peter, were to be seen among the exhibits to the conversazione.
CONVERSAZIONE.
185
Alter the opening of the entertainment an interesting concert was introduced under
the direction of Mrs. Edwin Hall, when solos or instrumental pieces were presented by
Mrs. Broadley, Miss L. Henderson Williams, the Misses M'Namara, Mr. J. M.
Fitzgibbon, Miss H. E. Beale, Mr. Gray, Mr. Jack, and Mrs. Hall. The concert formed
a very pleasant variety with the pleasures of the evening.
Praise must be given to the executives of the societies that promoted the con-
versazione, and in an especial degree to Mr. J. P. Dalton for the useful, attractive,
and in many ways novel entertainment that was arranged.
It is to be hoped that our Society will be drawn closer by this to the Naturalists'
Field Club and the Camera Club, and that this conversazione may become an annual
event on extended lines ; and we take this opportunity of thanking our friends (for the
Naturalist Field Club as well as ourselves) who sent exhibits, especially those who
came from a distance, as also the ladies and gentlemen who assisted in the musical
part of the entertainment which so much enlivened the evening.
Che T^ude Stone jMonuments oj this and other J.ands,
N 17th March a lecture was delivered for our Society at the Imperial Hotel
by Dr. Ringrose Atkins, of Waterford, on the " Rude Stone Monuments
of this and other Lands." It was illustrated by superb photographic
lime-light views of cromlechs and kindred stone structures taken by the
lecturer. To say that the lecture was interesting would be only giving a
faint idea of the enormous amount of information conveyed in it on this subject, which
is now exciting a good deal of interest among antiquarians, as these cromlechs are
found in well defined districts from the east bank of the Jordan, through North Africa,
western coasts of Spain and Portugal, Brittany, and Ireland — abundantly so in the
county Cork. The erection of these monuments must have been carried out by
numbers of men, as the covering stone of one, the lecturer mentioned, weighed by
estimate one hundred and ten tons, and was elevated on three other stones several feet
from the ground. The lecturer adopted the view that these cromlechs were never
covered over with earth as was generally believed, but were places at which the spirits
of the deceased ancestors of the race who erected them were worshipped, interments
having taken place under and around them.
1 86 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII/TCOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
jNfotes and Queries.
LOCAL HISTORY, ANTIQUITIES, FOLK-LORE, Etc.
Contributed by Rev. J. F. Lynch : Tim Legend of BlRDHILL.
G. D. Lamb: Cork Families.
Rev. H. E. Ruby: "A Chapter on Posies."
The Legend of Birdhill. — Some time ago in the Journal I had occasion to
refer to Birdhill, a few miles north of Limerick, and not far from Newport. It occurred
to me then that there was some old story told about the hill to account for the name,
and on enquiring from an old man named John Sadleir, now living in Caherconlish,
but a native of Newport, he gave me an interesting legend, the substance of which I
now give, merely adding a few particulars respecting the personages mentioned.
It happened that after the terrible battle, or series of battles which were waged for
a year and a day at Ventry Harbour, between the forces of the world, under Daire
Donn, "the brown," and the standing army of Erinn, commanded by Fionn McCumhaill,
the son of the latter, Oisin, " little fawn," was enticed away to Tir na n-og, " land of the
youth," where he spent nearly two hundred years in the enjoyment of the pleasures of
that delightful country. At the end of that period he felt a longing desire to come
back to Erinn, to revisit his old haunts, and see his old comrades, never imagining that
during his stay in the "Land of the Youth" Fionn and his warriors had long since
mouldered in the dust. Oisin's wife, the daughter of the king of the " Land of the
Youth," was very reluctant to let him depart, but at last she consented, giving him a white
steed, and ordering him to stay on this steed's back during his sojourn in Erinn, for if
he once touched the soil of Erinn dire would be the consequence. Oisin promised
faithfully to obey her and set out gladly, but great was his sorrow on his arrival in
Erinn to find all his old comrades dead and gone, and the country so greatly changed.
One day as he was riding slowly along, thinking sadly on the past glories of Erinn, a
poor widow called to him to raise a heavy weight for her. He stooped down and
lifted the weight, but in the exertion of so doing the golden girth on the white steed
broke, and he immediately galloped off to Tir na n-og, leaving Oisin behind, who on
touching the ground became at once an old man, poor, blind, and helpless. In this
extremity Oisin betook him to St. Patrick, who was then in Erinn. St. Patrick received
him gladly, admitted him to his table, and made a Christian of the old pagan. A
veritable thorn in the flesh he, however, proved to be to the saint, for he was always
grumbling about one thing or the other, but more especially about his food. His daily
rations were a large meskin of butter, a griddle of bread, and a quarter of beef;" but
being a giant he had an enormous appetite, and demanded far more than St. Patrick
was able or willing to give him. One day, in the course of a long altercation with
St. Patrick on the usual topic, Oisin said, in a burst of rage, that in his father Fionn's
time an ivy-leaf was larger than St. Patrick's griddle of bread, a rowan berry than his
meskin of butter, and a quarter of blackbird than his quarter of beef. St. Patrick gave
him the lie ; but Oisin said he was no liar, that the Fians of Erinn always spoke the
truth, and that if St. Patrick would give him a boy to guide him he would bring those
three things to him, the ivy leaf, the rowan berry, and the quarter of blackbird, and so
prove the truth of his words. St. Patrick having agreed, Oisin and the boy set off,
accompanied by Oisin's dog, Bran's pup. Bran, the mother of this pup, was a truly
NOTES AND QUERIES.
I87
remarkable dog. None like her may now be found in Erinn. She was the favourite
and the swiftest hound of Fionn McCumhaill, but had not always been a dog, having
been, before the metamorphosis into a dog, the son of Fergus, the fair-haired King of
Ulster. The following lines show this, which I take from the Fenian poem, entitled
Sejls 2t)tlC4 <t>fM0)5e4CC4 2lor)5U)f 4r} $11054, "The Chase of the Enchanted
Pigs of iEnghus An Bhrogha ": —
21 rhjc pe4ji5Uf4 yo)Xn frtji) ;
N4 -oe4itti4if srnori) ttjoIt^,
2t)4JX z>o ri)4|lb4]|* "DO C0n)-"64lC4.
T>\iiuc& ce&T> z>u)tce 45 -c-4t4jn5
J-Djjl COllt 454f 4C4lt> ;
B4 cuirijne jie^' ji4e t>u)t;,
t^u bejt 4T> ce4nr) 4jx coin's."
"Sad it is to thee, sweet, victorious Bran,
O son of Fergus of the fair hair,
That thou did'st not perform some praiseworthy deed
Before thou slew thy foster-brother.
Thirty territories thy father has
Between woods and plains;
Thou shalt remember for thy day
Being chief over hounds."
Bran was known by the following marks : —
" Cof4 buj-oe bj 4fi $1141),
21 ^04 x:4eb T>uB 'f4 ^fi 5C4l ;
<t)Tui)rrj yuAitiriv&e oy ce4rjrj
)X ^4 clii4if cojicfi4 corrj-i6e|t3."
" Yellow legs had Bran,
Her two sides black, and her belly white ;
A speckled back over her loins,
And two ears crimson, equal red."
Bran had pups, and immediately Oisin commanded a sheep to be killed, and the fresh
skin to be fastened against a wall. An attendant was then ordered to stand some distance
from the skin and dash each pup with full force against it. All the luckless pups
perished, except one, and that one clung on to the skin, which it began to devour.
Oisin, on hearing this, gave directions that the pup should be reared and well treated,
remarking that it was the makings of a good dog. And this is the dog which accom-
panied Oisin and the boy, and which is known in Irish legendary lore as Bran's pup.
Oisin and the boy and the pup in the course of their travels arrived at the hill now
called Birdhill, which they ascended until they reached a cave, the entrance of which
was barred by an immense boulder. Oisin ordered the boy to roll away the stone, but
the boy laughed, and said ten men could not do it. Oisin then requested the boy to
lead him up to it, and placing one hand on it he pushed it aside. He then com-
manded the boy to enter the cave and tell him what he saw ; the boy said there was a
I 88 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
horn hanging on the wall, and on Oisin bidding him bring it to him, he said three men
could not raise it. Oisin then, guided by the boy, took it himself. This was the Dord
Fiann, or hunting horn of the Fians. The three then went to the top of the hill where
Oisin sounded the Dord Fiann, and immediately a number of blackbirds were seen
winging their way to the hill. "Do you see a fine bird amongst them?" asked Oisin.
" No," replied the boy. The Dord Fiann was sounded a second time, with the result
of a still larger number of blackbirds responding to the summons. " Do you see a fine
bird amongst them ?" again demanded Oisin. " No," replied the boy. For the third
time the Dord Fiann was sounded. "Do you see a fine bird now?" said Oisin
to the boy. "I see a bird," he shrieked in terror, "larger than a cow, making
for us. " Loose the pup," commanded Oisin. The pup and the bird had a desperate
struggle which lasted for several hours, but at last the dog succeeded in killing the
bird. The dog, however, got mad from excitement, and immediately rushed in the
direction of Oisin and the boy with his mouth wide open, and a thick cloud of steam
rising from his head. The boy shouted to Oisin that the pup was coming on madly, and
Oisin told the boy to take a ball of lead and throw it into the pup's mouth, saying that
unless they killed the pup, the pup would kill them. The boy being afraid, Oisin
ordered the boy to place him in the pup's path, and he then flung the ball into the
dog's mouth and killed him.
The peasantry always destroy a dog's first pups, for if permitted to live they will be
sure to go mad. An old man told me that this happens from Bran's pup (a first pup)
having gone mad. Oisin procured the rowan berry and the ivy leaf down by the
Shannon, in the woods of Ballyvalley, and taking a quarter of the bird, the ivy leaf,
and the rowan berry home to St. Patrick, he thus proved that his statement was true.
O'Donovan gives the Irish name of this hill CrjOC4tj 4T) 6]r) pWl), which he trans-
lates, " the hill of the white bird ;" and says " that it is stated in the pedigree of Mac
I-Brien Arra there was a castle here belonging to a younger branch of the family, but
no trace of it is now visible."
This castle was standing in Dineley's time (1680), for he gives one of his rough
sketches of it.
The meaning of the Irish name of the hill seems to knock the bottom out of the
legend, for John Sadleir was quite positive that the bird was black and not white. It
may be noticed, however, that he has used the adjective " fine" three times with refer-
ence to the bird, and O'Reilly gives " fine" as one of the meanings of Tfyorjr).
Some other places, Glenasmoil, near Dublin, and Sliab-na-m-ban, county Tipperary,
claim to be the scene of this legend. John Sadleir heard it over sixty years ago in
Newport. It is, however, a rehash of several legends by some old Seanachaidh of the
last century. J. F. Lynch.
Cork Families. — The following persons, or some of them, were probably natives
of Cork, and I shall be glad if anyone can identify them as such : — Mr. Gourney,
Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence Fowkes, Mr. and Mrs. May, Mrs. Frank Warden, Mr. William
Mawman, Mr. Peter Lucas, Miss Lidia Warden, Mr. Thomas Jacomb, Mr. Whiting,
Mrs. Spiller, Mr. Major, Mrs. Crathorn, and Mr. William Foxley. They are mentioned
as living from 1742 to 1753 in family notes written in a Prayer Book and Bible by
Mr. William Carew, of Lisbon, merchant, son of Mr. Thomas Carew, of Cork, by his
marriage with Susannah Frankland, of Ashgrove, which notes have been printed in the
Miscellanea Genealogies second series, vol. iv., p. 321, and third series, vol. i., p. 28.
G. D. Lumb.
NOTES AND QUERIES.
189
" A Chapter on Posies." — I find the following posy does not occur in the list
given in the interesting paper by Mr. Day in your last number : — "The gift and giver
are yours for ever." This posy is inscribed on the inside surface of the wedding ring
given by my maternal grandfather, Henry Bennett, author of the " Steamboat," to his
bride, Miss Sarah Colbourne. H. E. Ruby.
Original pocunrients.
3nt>ej; Gestamentorum olim in IRegistro Corcagia?,
No. Name. Year.
418 Barret, Allen, of Corke .. .. .. .. .. 1769
419 Bishop, William, of Kinsale .. .. .. .. 1769
420 Breton, Noblet, of Corke, gent. . . . . . . . . 1770
421 Becher, Lionel, of the Island of Sherkin . . . . . . 1770
422 Biggs, Issac, of Bandon .. .. .. .. .. 1770
423 Barter, William, oi Affolard . . . . . . . . 1770
424 Batty, Richard, of Passage . . .. .. .. ,.1771
425 Browne, Joseph, of Corke .. .. .. .. .. 1771
426 Beare, William, of Lisbon .. .. ., .. 1771
427 Budd, Mary, of Corke .. .. .. .. 1771
428 Banfield, William (a copy only; I know not how it came into this
office) (sic).
429 Bunworth, Ben., of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1772
430 Bryan, Darby, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1772
431 Browne, George, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1772
432 Beare, Christr., of Corke .. .. .. .. .. 1772
433 Beamish, Thomas, of Corke .. .. .. .. 1773
434 Bennett, Thomas, of Litter . . . . . . . . 1773
435 Brien, John, of Garrane, county Corke, butcher . . . . 1773
436 Bennett, Osman, oi Kilgarruff, farmer . . . . . . 1773
437 Barns, John, of Corke . . . t . . . . . . 1774
438 Bussy, Mary, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1774
439 Bready, William, of Cork, cooper . . . . , . . , 1774
440 Biggs, Rebecca, of Bandon, widow . . . . . . . . 1775
441 Bohan, William, of Corke, weaver . . . . . . , , 1775
442 Blake, William, of Corke .. .. .. . . .. 1775
443 Bruce, David, of Corke, mercht. . . . . . . . . 1776
444 Baker, John, of Rockfort, hatter . . . . . . . . 1776
445 Bayly, Joseph, of Kinsale, tanner . . . . . . . . 1776
446 Breton, Eliz., of Cork, widow . . . . . . . . 1776
447 Bishop, Thos., lieutenant in his Majies. service . . . . 1776
448 Bayly, John, rect. and vie. of Inshigeelagh .. .. 1776
449 Barry, John, of Cold Harbour . . . . . . . . jjyy
450 Bennett, Richard, of Ballingully . . . . . . . . 1777
451 Bready, Margaret, of the city of Cork, widow. . . . , 1777
452 Beamish, Mary, of Bandon .. .. .. 1777
1 90
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII/EOLOGICAL
vSOCIETY.
No. Name. Ykak
453 Beamish, Richard, of Balliva .. .. .. .. 1777
454 Bruce, George, of Cork, esq. .. .. .. .. 1778
455 Bowden, Mary, of Kinsale .. .. .. .. 1779
456 Barry, Redmond, of Cork, gent. . . . . . . . . 1779
457 Bruce, Dr. Lewis, clics. .. .. .. .. .. 1780
458 Busteed, Thomas, of Ballinrea, gent. . . . . . . 1780
459 Briant, Esther, als. Dun, of Kinsale, widow .. .. .. 1781
4C0 Barry, David, of Bandon, clothier . . . . . . . . 178 1
461 Bready, Mary, wife of B. Bready, of Cork .. .. .. 1781
462 Burt, Richard, of Cork, plumber .. .. .. .. 1781
463 Byrne, Richard, of Cork .. .. .. .. . . 1781
464 Bishop, Hester, of, Kinsale, widow .. . . .. .. 1782
465 Browne, Mary, of Cork, widow .. .. .. .. 1782
466 Bready, Jane, of Cork, widow . . . . . . . . 1782
467 Browne, Francis . . . . . . . . . . 1782
468 Busteed, Jonathan, of Dondanian . . . . . . . . 1782
469 Buckly, Martin, of Barnahaly . . . . . . . . 1782
470 Bright, Robert, 2nd mr. on board the " Winchester" . . . . 1783
471 Blake, John, of Cork, publican .. .. .. .. 1784
472 Barry, John, of Ballyhooly . . . . . . . . 1784
473 Boyle, James, of Cork, taylor . . . . . . . . 1784
474 Brien, Thomas, of Lehinough, farmer . . . . , . 1784
475 Bohilly, John, of Gortacurrig, farmer . . . . . . 1784
476 Barry, Thomas, of Mallow Lane, gent. .. .. .. 1784
477 Barry, Nicholas, of Shandon Street, grocer . . . . . . 1784
478 Barry, Ellinor, wife of John Barry .. .. .. .. 1784
479 Browne, William, of Bandon, joiner . . . . . . 1785
480 Bigly, Thomas . . . . . . . . . . . . 1785
481 Browne, Samuel, of Cork, mercht. .. .. .. .. 1785
482 Browne, Thomas, of Cork, esq. . . . . . . . . 1785
483 Bruen, William, of Cork, writing clerk . . . . . . 1786
484 Barry, John, of Currow, solr., liberties of C, farmer . . . . 1786
485 Birchill, John, of Naghill, victualler .. .. .. .. 1786
486 Bridges, Richd. Bullen, revenue boatman . . . . . . 1786
487 Bucham, Anthony, of Fair Lane, hewer . . . . . . 1786
488 Buckley, John, of Loghlig, boatman .. .. 1788
489 Butler, Francis, of Cork, cooper .. .. .. .. 1788
490 Beamish, Richard, of Raharoon, esq. .. .. .. 1788
491 Barrett, Thomas, of Cork, gent. . . . . . . . . 1789
492 Barry, John, of S. Main Street, breechmaker . . . . . . 1789
493 Bernard, John, of Bandon, esqr. ,. .. .. .. 1789
494 Byron, Mary, of Kinsale, widow , . . . . . . . 1789
495 Bayly, Samuel, of Ballincarrig .. .. .. .. 1789
496 Boston, Mary, of Cork, widow .. .. .. .. 1791
497 Barrett, Patrick, of Lehinough, S. Lib. of C, farmer . . . . 1791
498 Bull, Susanna, of Cork, spinster . . . . . . . . I791
499 Baldwin, Henry, of Newcourt .. ,. .. .. I791
500 Bromell, Samuel, of Cork, ironmonger . . . . . . I791
501 Browne, Jane, of Kinsale, spinster .. .. .. .. I792
INDEX TESTAMENTORUM OLIM IN REGISTRO CORCAGLE. 191
No.
502
•Barrett, Edmond, 01 Cork, wine cooper , , , ,
1792
5°3
Bernard, Arthur, of Bandon, esq. . ,
1792
504
Bird, Ursula, of Barrack Street, Cork, widow , .
1792
5O5
Baldwin, Samuel, of Sugar Lane, Bandon, glazier . ,
I792
>j<JU
Bishop, Jane, of Kinsale, widow , , . , , .
I792
507
Buby, Thomas, of Cork, shopkeeper
• • J793
CnR
^<jo
Brick, Daniel, of Evergreen, gent. . , . .
J793
509
Bucklin, William, of Cork, slater
•• l793
5IO
Barter, Mary, of Cork, spinster
. . 1794
511
Browne, Mary, of Bandon . , , ,
. . 1794
Bowler, Ann, of Kinsale, widow . , . , , .
1794
5 r3
Birchill, John, of Bandon , , , , , , , ,
1794
C T A
3*4
RtiPnQtiQn T?/^T7 1 li o T~vn 0 0 roof o f G!f Pout c I f~ir\s
xJULlldlidll, A.LV, ± ilUIIldb, IcCl. Ul OL. XTdUlb, v^UI K . .
1794
C T C
J J
"Rnllf^n William of TCincal*^ rr£»nf
UUHCll, VYlllldlll, Ul IvlilodlG, HCL1L. , . . • . .
t 7nc
1/93
TsQfTM^li l\/r d f f ri /^\jt nr 1^ otI^ t t r o f /~> In m o
JDdglicll, IVXaLlUcW, Ul V_/UIK, WalLUniaKcx . . . .
1 795
5r7
Bishop, George, of Kinsale, gent.
. . 1795
ct8
516
Kprn q rr\ TnAin'ic of Polar*** Ann acn
xjciiicuu, i uuiiidb, 01 jTctidLc ^iilii, cbq. . , , .
1 795
5r9
Boyer, James, of Cork
■ • !795
520
Barret, D. (not returned by Mr. Armstrong, surrogate)
. . 1796
jjcii, vv niidin xnemy, qUdl lei IlldSlCl . . , , , .
179°
too
522
JD1 UL.C, VVdllCl, Ul £>ctHU.Ull, VVcdVCl . .
1796
5Z3
JJUWUC1J, OL. J-/dU.lCHCC, Ul J_y LLllllldll W ay , gCllL, , . . .
1/9D
to A
DCalc, V^dlCU, Ul OpilUg IVlULUll, UlClLlll. . . . .
i79u
"Riicf^orl Tanp of RanHnn rl o\;ir
•DUoLCCU, J dllC, Ul UdllUUU, W1UUW , , , . , ,
T ic\(-\
1/90
Jj-iU
TipppVipr T^rlwarrl of T nrlcri3 f*art
T707
1/9/
3Z/
•Ddliy, IVllLildGl, Ul x lillUICd^ UC • • • i • •
T r7C\h7
1/9/
528
xjiduy, oai Liiuiuiiicw, ui v^uiiv, siiupiiccpci . , < i
1/97
■DdllcLl, JL'dvlU, Ul V^UIK, glUt_Cl , . . ■ ■ ■
1/90
53°
Burchill, Solomon, of Kilbeg, county Cork, farmer , ,
T ToR
i79Q
531
Bryan, Jane, of Cork, spinster . . , , , .
1790
tio
53z
Beamish, Susanna, of Cork, spinster . . . .
• • J 799
533
Boyle, John, of Boylesgrove <zls, Doumcarra, gent. . .
t Qoo
. . IoOO
C O A
534
Barry, John, of Cork, innholder
, , 1 OoO
i>31>
"Rr£iTi£i 7on "Rl^m^ir of T-T nrcp T-Till pen
JD1 d UdZ,Ull, JUldllcy, Ul XlUloC 11111, CcU< . . • .
1 8co
53°
XJdliy, J Ullil, Ul IVldypUlC i\.UdU, pUUllLdll . , . .
. . 1 OUJ
C 11
d3/
JJUlldllC, JL llllUlliy, Ul V^dllip X i 111, JVllladlC, idllllcl , .
. . 1 OUl
53°
Bateman, Edward, of Glenduff, farmer , .
t Rot
. , lOO I
539
Bennett, Richard, of Cork, gent.
. . ISOI
540
Baldwin, Walter, of Mountpleasant, esq.
.. 1802
54i
Bennett, John, 01 Maryborough
l802
542
Barry, Thomas, of Tinnegerah, farmer
I 002
543
Busteed, Francis, of Cork, esq.
. . I803
544
Banfield, Thomas, of Shinnagh, gent.
.. I803
Supplementary Index to Wills, 1802 to 1833.
(See Note p. 479, No. 10, Vol. i., Second Series).
No.
Name.
545
Beamish, Elizabeth, of Kilmalody
298
546
Blake, Catherine
400
192
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCIMC OLOGICAL SOCIETY.
No. Name,
547 Berkeley, Rev. George .. .. .. .. .. 313
548 Barry, James . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
549 Bradshaw, Thomas, Sunday's Well .. .. .. .. 518
550 Ball, James, of Cork, brewer . . . . . . . . 516
551 Burchill, Mary, of Bandon .. .. .. .. .. 421
552 Bernard, William .. .. ., .. .. .. 434
553 Browne, Rebecca . . . . . . . . . . . . 444
554 Boyle, Jeremiah . . . . . . . . . . . . 449
555 Brick, Edward .. .. .. .. .. ..451
556 Baker, Robert, of Cork .. .. .. .. .. 474
557 Bird, George, of Blackpool .. .. .. .. .. 491
558 Beamish, Town send . . . . . . . . . . 501
( To be cofitinued.)
Review of T3ooK.
"Chapters in an Adventurous Life— Sir Richard Church in Italy
and Greece." By E. M. Church. (Blackwood & Sons, 1895).
The subject of these memoirs was a son of Mr. Matthew Church, merchant, of this
city, and was sent by his father to a Quaker school, but ran away from it before he was
sixteen, and enlisted. He was subsequently gazetted ensign of the 13th Somerset-
shire Light Infantry in 1800, and was in that year disowned by the " Connection."
In 181 1, after seeing much service in these stirring times, he became major, and in
1813 (with permission) took service as general under King Ferdinand of Naples, in
order to suppress the secret societies with which Apulia was infested. The extent
brigandage and murder was carried on in that district is almost incredible, and the
book requires to be read to gain any idea of it. The worst of these societies was the
" Decisi," the founder and chief of which was Ciro Annichiarico, a priest who had
abjured all religion. The first qualification for initiation into his band was the proof
that the proposed member had committed at least two murders with his own hand.
This wretch was hunted down by General Church, his band completely destroyed, and
Apulia totally freed from the brigands.
General Church was treated by the Bourbons in the shabbiest manner after they had
got all the service they required from him, and crossed over to Greece, where the war of
liberation from Turkish rule was then waging. He was made generalissimo of the
Greek army, and assisted so much in freeing the country that he was made a member
of the State Council, and in 1836 inspector-general of the army. In 1844 he became a
senator, and lived for the remainder of his life in Athens, dying there in 1873 at the
age of ninety. The king and Greek nation buried him with every possible mark of
respect, and erected a splendid monument over his remains. The book reads more
like a romance than history from the wild scenes General Church went through in
Apulia, but the events are amply corroborated by letters and extracts from State
Papers.
As the account of the life of a brave and good son of Cork, the book is well
entitled to a notice in this Journal, and we can recommend it to our readers as worthy
of perusal. D. F.
Second Series. — Vol. II., No. 17.]
[May, 1896.
JOURNAL
OF THE
Cork Historical & Arch^ological
Society.
jMuskerry Yeomanry, Co. Cork, arid their Cin\es*
Part I. 1796- 1799.
By HERBERT WEBB GILLMAN, B.L., Vice-President.
[Preface. — In the first article in the present volume there appeared "Notes from
the Orderly Book of the Muskerry Cavalry, between the years 1803 and 1806." The
present paper is designed to afford a history of the corps from its inception in 1796
through the troublous times of the three years that followed. The greater part of the
materials whence it is prepared is found in papers left by the writer's grandfather,
who had a fad for collecting newspapers and documents of a public or semi-public
nature, and who generally illustrated each with notes from his own hand. As the
interest in the yeomanry is not confined to Muskerry, it is sought to show how the
details of the work done by the corps fit into the general history of the period. —
H. W. G.]
^ ^e rajsjng Gf tne Muskerry and other Irish yeomanry
in 1796 marked an important stage in the troubles of
distracted Ireland during the preceding and succeeding
decades, it is desirable to recall to mind the historical
facts that led up to the formation of the corps. In
1782 Grattan and the Volunteers had forced from the
Whig Government the grant of what would nowadays
be called Home Rule, a veritable legislative disunion between Ireland
and Great Britain ; but it was a sort of Home Rule by which only the
Protestant ascendency gained. The position of the Irish peasants was
not alleviated thereby ; they were ripe for rebellion, and for many years
•94
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCH GEOLOGICAL SOCIETV.
had filled Ireland with outrages, directed very much against rent-collec-
tors and tithe-proctors, In Munster there arose the society calling
themselves " White Boys," and the followers of" Captain Right."
The government executive was not strong enough to keep order.
Catholic and peasant outrages were met by counter-outrages of their
opponents, and a cruel strife of opposing religionists began in Munster. In
the north, where difference of religion was more pronounced, Protestants
in self-defence, but illegally, began to deprive Roman Catholics of their
arms ; and these latter then formed themselves into lawless societies called
" Defenders," against whom the famous Orange lodges were organised ;
and thus in the north also a cruel civil strife began.
While Ireland was in this miserable condition the news of the great
French Revolution arrived. But the class at first most influenced
thereby was the northern Presbyterians and dissenters, republican by
their origin ; and Belfast became one of the great centres of republican
and Jacobin feelings, together with Dublin where the free-thinking
elements of society were chiefly to be found. The Catholics, at the
same time, showed signs of disunion among themselves ; those higher
in the social scale were not averse to the English connection, but
sought for the alleviation of their disabilities by parliamentary reform,
and entrusted their interests to the care of a central committee in Dublin.
Pitt himself was favourable to their claims ; and something like friendly
relations existed between the English government and the bishops and
the more educated portion of the Catholics. Their church in general
stood true to its habitual opposition to atheism and disorder — a spirit
which explains such acts as the address of seven Roman Catholic bishops
of Munster, in June, 1798, to their clergy, who were therein called on to
warn their flocks of the " calamities both temporal and eternal which
they were likely to bring on themselves by unlawful oaths and associa-
tions." The lower orders of Catholics on the other hand were waging a
lawless war in the south and in the north. There was also a third party
in the unhappy country, consisting of nominal dissenters in the north,
freethinkers in Dublin and elsewhere, who sought aid from France to
destroy the English connection.
The two parties last mentioned were the most dangerous to the
Government, but they were weak as long as they remained separate ;
and Wolfe Tone, with others like him, seeing this, managed to bring
them together, and thus founded the great party of the "United Irishmen."
Pitt conscientiously compelled the Irish Parliament to carry out his
measures for the relief of the Roman Catholics ; but the concessions came
too late, and the Catholic demands were increased ; and, owing to their
belief that intimidation would be effective to secure their ends, riots and
MUSKERRY YEOMANRY AND THEIR TIMES.
195
outrages became common all over Ireland, the " Defenders " became
active again, many houses of Protestants were robbed, one hundred and
eighty being attacked in Munster alone, and many savage murders were
committed. These were met by the passing of what is known as the
" Convention Bill," directed against the convention in Dublin, and
strengthening the hands of the executive in dealing with illegal meet-
ings. This and other measures reduced the hopes of the United Irishmen
to a low degree, so that finally, in 1794, they determined to seek the
assistance of France believing themselves unable to carry out their
revolution single-handed, and the lower Catholics made common cause
with the United Irishmen. But one result of this was the separation
of the Protestants of the north from the disaffected body ; and the
fight became that most hateful one of all, a war of religions between
Catholic revolutionaries and Protestant upholders of the settled govern-
ment.
Lord Camden, the lord lieutenant, by care and wisdom managed for
two years to stave off an open outbreak ; but his measures lacked the
force necessary to quell the angry passions of the time. The Government
had information that in 1795 the plans of insurrection had been nearly
perfected ; to meet which the authorities had scarcely any English troops,
and only about ten thousand invalids and fencibles, and a militia who
were almost to a man members of the society of United Irishmen.
Informers told how Lord Edward Fitzgerald and others had met General
Hoche and arranged for a French invasion, and that there existed a
body of two hundred thousand men already officered, of whom one hun-
dred and fifty thousand had been provided with pikes or muskets. It
became then absolutely necessary for Government to raise a trustworthy
force, and this force was the Yeomanry, consisting mostly of Protestants,
but containing a good admixture of the other religion also, as the muster-
roll of the Muskerry body, among others, shows. Their numbers, all
being volunteers, soon reached thirty-seven thousand throughout Ireland.
Orangemen were strictly excluded by the Lord Lieutenant.
The pages of Musgrave and Maxwell detail many of the massacres
and horrors committed by the insurgents at this period ; that there were
sharp retaliatory acts, unmerciful whippings, and short shrift, miscalled
justice, on the other side, cannot be doubted. The foregoing hasty
sketch of the times immediately precedent may serve partly to explain
the cause of the intense bitterness of the opposing parties in Ireland
which led to those unhappy deeds. May our country learn the lesson
taught by its history, and may its people under equal laws become a united
people, as did the conquered Anglo-Saxon and the conquering Normans
in England many centuries ago.
196
cork HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Flag of the Muskerry Cavalry, 1822.
{From the original in the possession of Captain Richard Tonson Rye, of Ryeccurt.)
[Description. — On holding the flag with the pule in the right hand and the outer fringe in
the left, the British side of it faces the observer. The size is two feet from pole to outer edge
and two feet two inches from top to bottom, exclusive of the gold fringe all round, two inches
wide. This side is of satin of a bluish mauve or purple hue ; in the centre are the letters "G. R."
inside a circular scroll of white satin one inch wide, which bears in capital letters the words
1 ' King and Constitution. " This scroll is surmounted by the Royal Crown worked in gold wire
and lined with crimson velvet. Above the crown, on a white satin scroll, one inch and a-half
wide, are the words "Muskerry Cavalry." All letters on the flag are worked in gold sequins.
MUSKERRY YEOMANRY AND THEIR TIMES.
197
On the right of the central scroll is a spray of moss roses and leaves, and on the left one of oak
leaves and acorns — all in natural colours. Below these sprays is a scroll of white satin, one inch
and a-half wide, bearing the words —Pro Aris et Focis ("for our altars and hearths"), which was
wittily translated by the corps as " for our horses and foxes." At each corner is the white horse
of Hanover.
The other side of the flag is the Irish side, and is of bright red satin, which looks still quite
fresh. In the centre is the Irish harp worked in gold wire and sequins, and has on its right a
spray of palm leaves, and on its left one of laurel leaves {Lawns Nobilis), represented conven-
tionally as usual in coats of arms. — {Mr. Phillips). The harp is surmounted by the Royal
Crown as on the other side ; and the rest of the work and scrolls is same as on other side.]
I98 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Athlone appears to have: the honor of being tin: first to offer to raise
yeomanry. In August, 1796, the inhabitants addressed the Lord Lieu-
tenant offering to embody themselves " for the defence and protection of
their town and neighbourhood," and to help to frustrate the hopes of
" traitors who arc exciting insurrection, in order to make the descent of
an invading enemy more practicable, and to take advantage of the naked
and defenceless state of the kingdom if the regular troops be drawn
off." This expresses very well the popular loyal view of the use of the
corps. Early in the next month Government determined to " embody a
certain number of cavalry and infantry in each county, to preserve the
peace while the army and militia are engaged in protecting the coasts
against invasion." Before the end of that month the authorities received
offers from all parts of Ireland to adopt any mode of national defence
which they should direct. Government issued certain regulations, apply-
ing to the corps raised in each barony, among them were these : —
1 st, Every member shall take the oath of allegiance to His Majesty,
as nozv framed for the different denominations of loyal subjects, i.e. of any
religion ; 2nd, shall exercise on certain days in their own neighbour-
hood ; and 3rd, shall suppress riot and disturbance in their own barony
and that next to it. If any corps should offer voluntarily to serve beyond
their baronies, or with the regular troops, they were to be under the
Mutiny Act and military law, and in such case were to receive constant
pay. In October numerous meetings were held in Cork city, Bandon,
Imokilly, and Barrymore baronies, etc., and on the 17th, Muskerry came
forward with the following public advertisement : —
The Gentlemen of the baronies of East and West Muskerry are requested to meet
at the Court House in Macromp, on Monday, the 24th of Oct. inst., for the purpose of
Imbodying themselves, under the sanction of the Government, to preserve the present
tranquility of the country.
October 17, 1796.
No name was appended to this document ; but it emanated from the
Warrenscourt family — ever foremost in promoting associations for the
defence of good order in the county to the present day. This advertise-
ment was circulated by hand, and also published in the Cork newspapers,
copies of which, with postal letters, reached country places in the way
usual then and long after — namely, any known gentleman happening
to be in the city near the end of a week would call at the general post-
office for all letters addressed to his locality ; these would be readily
given to him for all classes, and they would be placed on Sunday in
the church porch, to which expecting addressees would come and take
them.
MUSKERRY YEOMANRY AND THEIR TIMES.
199
On the 24th of October the meeting at Macroom was duly held.
" Gentlemen and farmers " of all denominations attended, and they
unanimously passed the following resolutions :—
That we will form ourselves into an armed Corps of Cavalry, for the protection of
Persons and Property in our Baronies, under officers chosen from among our Body,
and to be approved of by Government :
That we will serve without pay and provide our own Cloathing; but will receive
Arms, Ammunition, and Accoutrements from Government :
That we will obey the orders of our Officers, as long as we shall each of us chuse to
- continue Members of the Corps :
That Augustus Warren, (0 esq., be appointed Captain ; Samuel Swete, esq., Lieute-
nant ; and George Rye, esq., Cornet.
The names of such of the members as were then enrolled, and who
continued in the 1st troop of Muskerry Cavalry down to 1804, appear on
pp. 2, 3 of the present volume. A fuller list in 1799 will appear fur-
ther on. The orderly books of the corps before 1803 are not known to
be now in existence. On 3rd December, 1796, the "gentlemen and
yeomen" of East and West Muskerry met again at Macroom, and settled
on their plans for keeping the country quiet, and preventing persons from
joining the French on their expected descent on the coast of Ireland —
a very necessary precaution, for Great Britain, being then at war with
France, Spain, and Holland, had few regular troops to spare for service
in Ireland. What the work of the yeomanry was likely then to be, is
shown by the capture about that time of an American vessel laden with
arms and warlike stores, intended to be landed in this country ; she had
on board " twenty thousand stand of arms, sixteen brass cannon with
carriages, tumbrils, and every appurtenance for field service, with camp
equipage for twenty thousand men/' This capture happened opportunely,
for on Friday, 23rd December, news reached Cork of a strong French
fleet being sighted off Bantry bay. What followed then resembles what
happened in England on the news of the Spanish Armada being sighted
off the south coast of England ; all citizens capable of bearing arms
enrolled themselves among the Loyal Cork Legion, or the Royal
Cork Volunteers, who undertook the defence of the city, and sent off
members to the different towns in Munster to order in the military there
0) Augustus-Louis-Carre Warren, eldest son of Sir Robert Warren, first baronet, so
created in 1784. Augustus succeeded as second baronet in 181 1 ; he was M.P. for
Cork city 1783-1790, and the first captain of the Muskerry corps. He died in 1821,
and was succeeded by his son, Sir Augustus, third baronet, who was captain of the
corps when re-embodied in 1822.
George Rye was the grandfather of the present popular head of the Rye Court
family, Captain Richard Tonson Rye.
200 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
quartered, and forwarded a detachment escorting artillery to Bandon,
where also the yeomanry corps of adjacent baronies, including Muskerry,
were concentrated. The militia and fenciblcs, and such troops as could
bt' spared, were started from Cork for Bantry bay, the people treating
them hospitably on the march. Dr. Francis Moylan, Roman Catholic
bishop of Cork, issued an address to his flock in the diocese on Christmas
Day, impressing on them " the sacred principles of loyalty, allegiance,
and good order," and warning them, by the example of other countries
where the French had been received, against being seduced by false
promises of emancipation and equalisation of property. " They come,"
said the bishop, " only to rob, plunder, and destroy." But the stars in
their courses fought against the invaders ; a strong easterly gale dis-
persed their fleet, and only on the 30th December did any reach Bantry
bay — four ships of sixty-four guns, three frigates, and some smaller
vessels, These landed five hundred men, whom the Galway Militia
offered to attack, but were restrained till further forces should arrive.
At another spot they attempted to land one hundred and fifty men, but
were checked by the fencibles, to whom a crowd of peasantry, armed
with every weapon they could lay hand on, joined themselves. By the
5th January, 1797, all the French ships had left the coast, the General
being disappointed in the expectation of the country rising to aid the
foreign soldiers. On the 26th January — it is pleasant to record it — a
solemn Te Detim, high mass and thanksgiving were offered up at Carey's
Lane chapel, Cork, for " the happy escape we had from our invading
foes." At this epoch there were embodied in Ireland thirty thousand
effective yeomanry, horse and foot, disciplined on same plan as the line,
and having arrangements made for ready concentration. Lord Dillon
said in Parliament that Hoche was known to have promised his soldiery
thirteen days' plunder in Ireland, a proceeding which poor cottagers at
Bantry had a foretaste of.
Though the projected junction of Irish insurgents with French
invaders thus failed, the country continued still in unrest ; rumours of a
renewal of invasion were prevalent — indeed, a band of fourteen hundred
French desperadoes, the sweepings of the galleys, in uniform, landed
25th February, 1797, at Cardigan bay, but soon surrendered to a force of
military and the inhabitants. Men were being sworn in throughout this
country as United Irishmen, and the yeomanry were busy in arresting
persons for " administering unlawful oaths," and escorting them to Cork,
where they received a speedy trial. On 17th May, 1797, the Lord
Lieutenant and Council issued a broad sheet containing a lengthy
proclamation, beginning thus : " Whereas there exists a seditious and
traitorous Conspiracy, by Persons stiling themselves United Irishmen
MUSKERRY YEOMANRY AND THEIR TIMES. 20 1
for . . . the destruction of the established Constitution ... by
means of open Violence and secret Arrangements for raising, arming and
paying a disciplined Force . . . who have frequently assembled in
large armed Bodies and plundered Houses, etc."; and the proclamation
warns all not to enter into the conspiracy, but to give information as to
meetings of such societies, and orders the seizure of arms, and ends by
offering a pardon to all who may have been seduced, on condition of
their coming in by 24th June and giving surety to be of good behaviour
for seven years. Government had at this time received from secret
informers — (1) The declaration and constitution of the United Irishmen ;
(2) minutes and proceedings of two of the societies ; (3) reports from
provincial and county committees ; (4) report of the military com-
mittee ; (5) forms of the oath of an officer and of a soldier ; (6) names
of many of the society with the arms in their custody, and much
other knowledge, which shows how readily Government secured infor-
mation, as is always the case in Irish conspiracies. In Cork, on the
22nd May, from information obtained, over twenty United Irishmen,
including two "delegates" from the north, were arrested and lodged in
bridewell ; and at Bandon eight men were committed for unlawful
assembly and firing on a party of Fencible Dragoons ; and two soldiers
of the Wexford Militia, quartered at that town, were shot for taking the
oaths. The famous mutiny at the Nore followed next month, fostered,
as was believed, by Irish influence ; and the seizures of persons for sedi-
tious oaths became more frequent, the Muskerry Cavalry being diligent
in this work. John Warren and John Hawkes, members of the corps,
were among the committing magistrates of several persons arrested in
Muskerry. But Government, nevertheless, deemed themselves strong
enough now in force to dispense with some of their precautions which
pressed heavily on district corps, and the Muskerry Cavalry, with others,
received a Government circular, dated 25th August, directing that
picquets and guards mounted by such corps, may be discontinued,
except where ordered by the General of the district.
On 20th August the Lord Lieutenant arrived in Cork by way of Bantry
which he had been inspecting, and was escorted into the city by the various
local corps, and received loyal addresses from Cork, Bandon and other
localities. Outrages and seditious oaths,however,continued. Two brothers
named Barry, arrested by the Muskerry corps for burglary and robbery at
Mr. O'Leary's house at Donoughmore, were hung on 28th October ; and
others were committed by S. Swete for administering oaths, and by
J. Hawkes for conspiracy to rob. A murder that occurred before the
last mentioned date was that of Mr. John Oliffe, of Lissaniskey, parish
of Knockavilly, which gave the same corps much police duty, partly
202
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY,
successful ; for on [5th November they escorted into Cork Darby
Mahony alias Keane, Cornelius Driscoll, and Timothy Harrington alias
" Mock adahir," ( ,) prisoners charged with being concerned with several
Others irf that murder. The committing magistrates were Augustus
Warren and Samuel Swcte. At the same time they arrested in the country
another Kean Mahony, alias " Kittoch," C) for robbing Mr. William
Love's house at Sunday's Well. It is not surprising to find that active
magistrates were in consequence obnoxious to the revolutionists, and
thai one Daniel Deasy was committed to the County Gaol for conspiring
with several others to murder John Hawkes, J.P., before mentioned. The
baronies of Imokilly and Barrymore also were at this period much
disturbed, and committees were formed in them for procuring secret
information ; and on 16th December military waggons, tools and flying
artillery guns were despatched from Dublin to the south-west of
Munster.
Several baronies and counties in Ireland were proclaimed about this
time as disturbed, and early in January, 1798, intelligence reached
England of a plan for landing there a very large French army, to be
conveyed across the Channel in thirty enormous rafts, each capable
of carrying ten thousand men ! Monge, the mathematician, was the
inventor of the rafts. The lawlessness of the times was rampant in
Muskerry as in other places, and a meeting of the gentlemen of east
and west Muskerry and Barretts baronies was held on 2nd February,
1798, at the house of Mr. Walter Wall, at Moviddy, for " considering the
propriety of associating to promote public justice and a due execution
of the law." Sir Robert Warren, bart, was in the chair, and the following
resolution was passed : —
" That, having considered the baronies of West and East Muskerry, Barretts and
its vicinity (in which part of the Liberties of the city of Cork is included) infested for
some Years by a desperate gang of robbers, rendered not more formidable by their
extensive conspiracy and their atrocious acts of violence than by their perjuries and
subornation, We, whose names are hereunto subscribed, anxious for the protection ot
the Persons and Properties of the Inhabitants of our District, to whose Loyalty and
Peaceable Demeanor we are happy to bear testimony, deem it expedient that a Society
be formed for the purpose of aiding the Civil Magistrates in detecting, apprehending
and prosecuting heinous Offenders within our District, and we form ourselves into a
society for that purpose."
This was signed Robert Warren, chairman ; and the following
members : — Samuel Penrose, junr.; Herbert Gillman, James Splaine
(2) This nickname, if second syllable be long, may mean " son of two fathers," i.e
natural and reputed ; or if that syllable be short, " son of a good father." (Rev. J. Lyons.)
(3) Meaning " left-handed." (Rev. J. Lyons.)
MUSKERRY YEOMANRY AND THEIR TIMES.
203
Edward Kenny, James Pratt, George Herrick, Boyle Coughlan, Thomas
T. Coppinger, Henry Coppinger, Richard Barter, Henry Lindsey, John
and James Good, Richard T. Rye, John Colthurst, Augustus Warren,
Samuel Swete, John Warren, George Rye, John Hawkes, Samuel Penrose,
James Gollock, John Hawkes, junr ; Thomas, William and Samuel
Hawkes, John B. Colthurst and Edward Herrick. The meeting was
adjourned to the 16th, but there is no further record of their doings. As
happened in other baronies their work was done silently in securing
information and pointing out offenders to be arrested by the Muskerry
Cavalry corps. This will be seen later on.
About this time the shadow of the coming rebellion of 1798 began to
spread over the country, and some foul murders were committed by
misguided men, notably that of Mr. St. George Mansergh at Castle
Uniacke, the scat of his host, Mr. Jasper Uniacke, who was murdered
with him. The former had made himself very active in trying to keep
the country quiet at Araglin, near Kilworth, and had defied the local
insurgent leader known as " Captain Doe." Castle Uniacke was
attacked on 9th February, when there were no arms in it, and both
gentlemen were killed. The committee in the barony of Condons and
Clangibbon got the necessary information, and the leaders were taken,
tried and executed at the spot on 16th April. In Muskerry, at Blarney,
on 25th March, the house of Rev. Mr. Stopford was attacked and
thoroughly searched for documents which he was suspected to have. Mr.
Stopford had barely time to get out of bed and escape through a back
window ; he hid himself for an hour in a wet ditch where he lay with his
shirt off fearing it would attract attention. He finally got refuge in
Blarney Castle. The Muskerry corps, on information, arrested some
alleged to be of the attacking gang, but the real culprits were not taken
till 1799. Meetings were now held all over the country to raise
voluntary subscriptions to help Government in procuring means of
defence against invasion, and enormous sums were quickly subscribed.
On 13th March the Provincial Committee of the United Irishmen for
Leinster were, on information received, arrested at Mr. Oliver Bond's
house in Bridge Street, Dublin, Lord Edward Fitzgerald just escaping
arrest then ; and on the 17th the whole garrison at Cork were kept
by General Myers under arms all night on an alarm that a rising was to
take place there, and the yeomanry patrolled in strong bodies. About
5th April a circular was sent to the captain of the Muskerry Yeomanry,
and all others, requesting them to suggest to their companies the
necessity of their coming under permanent pay and performing all the
duty of their respective districts, so that the militia and regular forces
should be concentrated to meet emergencies. This was acceded to, and
204 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETV.
ladies and children left Musketry for Cork or England, except some
who held on in fortified residences ; and twelve thousand copies of a
proclamation were issued, intimating that the military and yeomanry
would take vigorous measures to repress disturbances and seize arms.
Notwithstanding this, large armed gangs scoured the west of county Cork,
searching houses for arms, and robbing indiscriminately. The house of
John Gillman, at Milane, near Dunmanway, was one of those attacked,
but he had received notice of their approach, and was aided by six
soldiers, whose fire killed one and wounded others, of whom one named
T. MacCarthy was captured, and soon after executed, after acknowledg-
ing at the scaffold the justice of his sentence, which he hoped would be
a warning to other deluded persons. On Sunday, 29th April, a pastoral
letter from the Roman Catholic bishop, Dr. Moylan, was read in all the
chapels of the diocese of Cork, exhorting the people not to be led from
their allegiance by the machinations of ill-designing men, which had a
salutary effect in preventing many in the county Cork from joining the
insurgents. In Dublin, on the following Sunday, the noted Major Sirr
captured a committee of United Irishmen at the house of a publican on
Rogerson's Quay ; and on the 19th May arrested Lord Edward Fitz-
gerald, after a desperate struggle, at the house of Murphy, a feather
merchant in Thomas Street. Lord Edward died soon after of his wounds
then received. The next day Henry and John Sheares, barristers, were
taken and committed to gaol on the charge of high treason. For this
they were tried, and on the 14th July were executed at the front of the
new prison in Dublin. On their fate the ancestor, to whom the writer is
indebted for the materials of this sketch, makes this comment : —
" Thus fell victims to inordinate ambition two gentlemen of talents and
learning, sons of a very worthy and respectable gentleman of Cork, who
happily did not live to behold their untimely fate ; their heads were
severed and given with their bodies to their friends."
These arrests precipitated the outbreak of rebellion ; those engaged
in it saw they had not time to wait for the expected aid from France,
and turned desperately at bay. On the 27th May, 1798, the first news
reached Cork of the insurrection, and of Carlow, Naas, and Prosperous
being attacked. The Loyal Cork Legion and the Royal Cork Volun-
teers took charge of the city, thus enabling the militia and guns to
march away. The history of this abortive rebellion and its scenes of
barbarism is told in well known works ; this paper is concerned with
details in the county Cork chiefly. The actual place of fighting was
fortunately outside this county ; and it is doubtful if many Corkmen
joined the rebels in the field. The mayor and sheriffs of Cork issued a
proclamation against residents harbouring seditious persons in their
MUSKERRY YEOMANRY AND THEIR TIMES. 205
houses, and called on all to deilver up their arms ; and on the 8th June
General Myers, having occupied with troops all the exits from the city,
caused a search to be made from house to house for arms, but did not
find many concealed. Soon after came the news of the defeat of the
rebels at Vinegar Hill ; and seven Roman Catholic bishops of Munster
sent an address to their clergy calling for their " utmost endeavours
against this baneful contagion." The yeomanry were not idle in the
country ; the Muskerry corps brought from Blarney, and the Bandon
corps from Bantry, persons charged with administering unlawful oaths
and other treasons. On the 29th June, Government issued a proclama-
tion offering pardon to all rebels in arms who should surrender within
fourteen days. At Skibbereen eleven privates of the Westmeath Militia
were arrested and escorted to Cork by yeomanry, where they were after-
wards tried on the charge of being United Irishmen, and conspiring to
murder their officers and join the country people to pillage and burn
Skibbereen. Some comrades turned informers, and all but two were
found guilty ; four were shot, four were ordered to serve abroad, and one
received a thousand lashes. Fights still continued at various places
between the troops and detached bodies of the rebels, but the rebellion
had now practically been suppressed. In July Lord Cornwallis became
lord lieutenant, and received an address from Roman Catholic gentlemen
among others, offering their best exertions to stay the insurrection.
Signs of returning tranquillity became more manifest, state trials for past
offences being the only reminders, till the quiet was disturbed in i\ugust
by the sudden landing of a small French force at Killala bay, but they
shortly surrendered to a force under Lord Cornwallis after a battle at a
place called Ballinamuck (Pigs-town). The forces of the Crown at this
time in Ireland were — Ten regiments of cavalry, fifteen of foot, twelve of
fencible cavalry, and thirty of fencible infantry, two of English, and
thirty-seven of Irish militia, besides nearly two hundred corps of volun-
teers, cavalry and infantry. On the 6th October the royal assent was
given to an Act for a free pardon, on conditions, to the misguided men
who had engaged in a profitless rebellion.
The Muskerry Cavalry had continued on duty in their district all this
time ; and a Major Harris was in military command of all the forces
there. The following address and reply shows the cordial relations
between them : —
At a meeting of the Muskerry Cavalry at Parade, Sunday, 16* Deer-, 1798,
Resolved unanimously, That the Thanks of this Corps be presented to Brigade-Major
Harris for his kind and polite attention to us since his appointment to this District.
Signed by Order,
James Gollock, Sec.
206 CORK HISTORICAL AND AkCII/KOLOCICAL SOCIETY.
Gentlemen, Bandon% Dec. 17, 1798.
I feel myself highly gratified that my Conduet has been such as to be approved
of by SO respectable a Corps as the Muskerry Cavalry; and be assured, Gentlemen,
it shall always be my utmost ambition to continue to merit your approbation.
I have the honour to be, Gentlemen,
Your most Obliged & very Humble .Servant,
To the Gentlemen of the Aijell Harris,
Muskerry Cavalry. B, Major.
The year 1799 was one in which plans for the coming Union between
Ireland and Great Britain were much discussed, the opinions for and
against it following very much the religions of the disputants. The com-
piler of the materials from which the present paper is derived records his
opinion that it might have been "carried this year in spite of the utmost
opposition of the Roman Catholics, but that Lord Cornwallis thought
otherwise, and conducted himself accordingly in the government of this
kingdom." The duties of the Muskerry Cavalry this year were wholly
police duties, chiefly concerned with some atrocious murders. The first
was that of Mr. Timothy MacCarthy ,(3> of Currabeha, parish of Inniscarra,
whose house was attacked on Saturday night, 19th January, and the door
was soon forced open. Mr. MacCarthy fired at the assailants and killed
one, on which he was dragged into his garden and received several stabs,
and finally had his head beaten in. After this, Michael MacCarthy, an
old man in the house, was also killed. Mrs. MacCarthy was compelled
to give up her keys, whereon the house was searched and all valuables
were taken, and bonds and promissory notes and other documents (the
probable motive for the attack) were destroyed, and the assailants did
not leave till they had eaten and drank all provisions and spirits in the
house. The Muskerry corps were quickly in pursuit, and on the next
Monday had arrested and lodged in gaol eleven of those implicated in
the murders ; and on 6th March, another named Redmond Geary, and on
the 2 1st they took twenty-seven more, some of whom turned approvers.
Next day, aided by a detachment of the Berwickshire Cavalry, and acting
on secret information, they searched Glounthane, in the north of Donough-
more parish, and arrested two, named Cotter, out of three whom they
were searching for. Several of the persons arrested were afterwards
hung. The country was at this time very much disturbed owing to
hopes of a renewed landing of the French, and a fleet of forty ships of
war was got ready at Portsmouth to oppose them ; and on the 16th of
March the county of Cork was proclaimed as being disturbed " owing to
the recent atrocities" (murders, houghing cattle, etc.) therein, and all
householders were directed to put on their doors a list of the inmates, of
(3) A proctor renting the tithes of Inniscarra parish.
MUSKERRY YEOMANRY AND THEIR TIMES.
207
whom no one was to be absent from home between eight p.m. and sun-
rise next morning. On the 25th the " notorious Captain Slasher " was
brought in to prison by the Muskerry Cavalry, under command of Captain
Augustus Warren. Martial law was in force, and the general court-
martial convicted one Timothy Crowley of conspiracy, with others, to
murder a gentleman at Dunmanway, and sentenced him to transporta-
tion for life. The repetition of details of similar occurrences would be
wearisome ; and this part of the present paper will conclude with an
account of a murder which is to the present day still fresh in the
memory of Muskerry, that of Robert Hutchinson, of Codrum, near
Macroom. The circumstances of the murder are told in a letter from
Macroom to the compiler of the materials now drawn on. On the night
.of Friday, 19th April, Mr. Hutchinson's house was broken into, and he
was aroused by his servant-man who told him that robbers were below ;
the man, advising his master to remain in bed, said he would go down
stairs himself, but instead of that went to the garret to call (he said)
another servant who slept outside. Mr. Hutchinson, though debilitated
from gout, got up and dressed, and, going down stairs was heard by his
sister to call out, " D — n you, you rascal, what brings you here?" He
had recognised one of the party — another servant of his own. Upon
this he was killed by being stabbed — as the letter relates — the wound
being thought to be inflicted by something like " the bar of a palisade."
On the following Wednesday the Muskerry corps brought in eight
persons arrested for the murder, and soon after they secured three more,
and the names of several more were known. Some of those arrested
were committed to gaol by John Warren, J.P. A conspiracy was formed
thereupon to murder Mr. Warren, and for this three men were arrested
and executed. This gentleman had about the same time committed
eight men for breaking into the house of Mr. Stopford, at Blarney, as
before related. (4) A large reward had been offered for the prosecution to
conviction of the murderers of Mr. Hutchinson, and this bore fruit in a
way that caused surprise. As the Muskerry Cavalry were escorting some
of those arrested to bridewell in Macroom, one villain made a sign to a
gentleman, a trooper in the corps, that he wished to make a discovery.
This man, whose name was (5) Malachi Duggan, was put in a separate
cell and there told the details in full. On being asked the manner of
Mr. Hutchinson's death, he said Mr. Hutchinson had been shot. As the
(4) One of these eight, John Buckley, of Blarney, was found guilty of the burglary,
and was executed on 21st June, at Blarney. His body was buried in the " Croppie's
Hole," in the new gaol at Cork.
(5) The name remains still vividly in the minds of the peasantry of Muskerry, and
is used as a term of reproach to a tell-tale, or an informer ; and the phrase, "You'd
beat Malachi himself," is in use to a robust liar.
208 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
universal belief was that he had been stabbed, doubt was thrown on
Duggatl's veracity ; but he asked that the body be exhumed. This
request was complied with, and the body was examined by Dr. Ronayne,
of Cork, and a surgeon of the Louth militia, who found that Mr. Hutch-
inson had been shot through the heart, which had been nearly blown to
pieces, not more than one-eight part remaining. Several pellets of duck-
shot were extracted. Thus Duggan's account was confirmed. Several
convictions and more arrests followed. On the ioth May John Duggan
(son of Malachi) alias " Captain Thunderbolt," Timothy MacCarthy, and
Owen Scanlan were convicted of the murder before the general court-
martial, and on the 13th two others ; and on the 14th all five were hung
at Macroom, and their heads set up on spikes on the bridewell, where
they remained till well within the memory of persons still living. The
trial of these men brought out clearly the exterminating system of the
United Irishmen ; they believed they were to " free " their country by
desolating it and murdering every one of property and loyalty. Reen?
Mr. Hutchinson's own servant, was also tried on the 13th and afterwards
convicted, and with another was hung at Macroom on 3rd June, their
heads also being set up. On the 7th July the Muskerry Cavalry brought
in three more men arrested in the neighbourhood of Macroom, and
sixteen others in the wood of Glenflesk or near it, charged with abetting
the murder. Two of these, Charles and Owen MacCarthy, brothers,
were convicted and hanged as above, at Macroom, on the ioth of July ;
and on the 8th the sixteen men taken at Glenflesk were tried before
William Crooke and Francis Johnson, two justices appointed as com-
mission for trying malefactors, and were convicted of aiding in this and
other outrages and sentenced to transportation for life. Such were the
consequences of this useless and inhuman murder of a gentleman who is
described as sincere as a friend, kind as a neighbour, charitable and for-
bearing as a landlord, and benevolent and lenient as a magistrate.
The names of the members of the Muskerry Cavalry at this period is
given in the advertisement, in which they offered 685 guineas for prose-
cution to conviction. The names are as follow, the amounts subscribed
following each name respectively : —
Guineas
Guineas
Augs- Warren, capt. . .
• • 30
Henry Lindsay. .
.. 5
Saml. Swete, lieut.
• • 30
Daniel Gibbs
. . 20
George Rye, 2nd lieut. . .
• • 30
Joseph Woodley
10
Cain. McCarthy
.. 3
John Williams, jun.
2
Wm. Howd Holland . .
.. 5
Daniel Morphy. .
2
Wm. Boyle
5
Daniel Nash
2
Thomas Barter. .
2
Samuel Kerby
. . 10
Richd. Barter
2
Daniel F. Leahy
.. 5
MUSKERRY YEOMANRY AND THEIR TIMES.
209
Gu
neas
Guineas
John Rye Coppinger
5
Wallis Colthurst, Dripsey Castle
• . I
Daniel Horgan
3
Joseph Colthurst, do.
• • I
Richd. Splaine . .
5
Charles Colthurst, do.
Eps- Crooke
2
Sir R. Warren, bart.
Wm- Ashe
5
Abrm. Cross
Richd. Ashe, sen.
IO
Robert Travers. .
2
J. Warren, Windsor
20
Henry Cross
• • J
Henry Baldwin
30
Corless Hawkes
I
James Gollock
20
Joseph Bennett
Richard Lawton
IO
William Crooke
0
John Bowen
20
John Williams
Richd. Ashe, jun
20
Thomas Leahy. .
10
Michael Williams
I
Wm- Grainger
2
John Gibbs, elk.
2
S. Davies, elk.
•3
• • J
William Holland, sen.
2
Robt. Ashe, elk.
•2
j
John Brown
5
John Larimore
I
Edwd. Kenny, elk. . . . .
20
Hugh Larimore
I
Henry Rubie
3
John Gibbs, jun.
James B. Barry. .
4
Webb Gillman
c
James Barry
5
Robt. Warren, elk.
IO
John Good
5
Edward Warren, elk.
I O
Thomas Good
Thomas G. Coppinger
A
John Colthurst, Dripsey Castle
20
Stephen Masters
2
Paul Horgan
3
Thomas Gollock
c
j
Henry B. Brown
2
Matt. Minhear . . . .
r
D
Nic«- White
3
Robert McCarthy
A
• • tr
John F. Whiting
3
Robert Baldwin, jun.
I
John F. Colthurst, Dripsey Castle . .
5
Walter McCarthy
• • J
Richd. Radley
4
Sir N. Colthurst, bart.
CO
Henry Coppinger
4
Augustus Warren, jun.
. . 10
George Herrick
5
H. G. Barry, brig. maj.
. . if.
John Pyne
20
Tristram Sand, elk.
I
John Travers
20
David Grannel, elk.
I
Joseph Dowe
2
John Sullivan
I
George Barber
2
William Grainger
2
James B. Colthurst, Dripsey Castle. .
5
Thomas J. Coppinger
• • 5
Nicholas Colthurst, do.
1
Joseph Capel
. . 30
The names of clergymen in the above list need not occasion surprise.
Clergy were enrolled again when the corps was re-embodied in 1822 ;
the best men of all classes in the country joined together for the sup-
pression of outrages.
[Note. — My materials reach to the year 1818 ; but enough has been said to illus-
trate the work of the Muskerry Yeomanry, and, I fear, to weary any reader who may
read through to this point.— H, W. G.]
(To be co?itinued.)
2IO CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
<Lhe jVlacfinnin jMacCarthys oj )\rdtully.
By RANDAL MAC FINNIN MAC' CARTHY
Authorities.
Rebellion,
1641.
r page seventy-eight of the present volume of this
Journal, the editor of the Sloane MS., which describes
the " Rise and Progress of the Rebellion in Munster,
1642," expresses in a note his wish that he could
identify further the family of Florence MacDonell
MacFinin MacCarthy, who fell fighting bravely in
opposing the sally of the garrison of Cork in March,
1642.
The following particulars relate to the family of that
" right valiant gentleman, called by nickname ' Captain
Suggane,' " Mr. Fynyne MacCarthy, who took an active
part in the rebellion of 1641.
On the 15th October, 1853, an article appeared in the Nation news-
The Nation PaPer on " The Clan of MacCarrha," of which the following
newspaper, is an extract : — " Now for the MacFinnans. This was the
15th Oct., 1853. distinctive titje 0f the MacCarthys of Ardentully, now
Ardtully, near Kenmare, whose chiefs in every generation down to the
last were so styled. Geoffrey MacCarthy, of Tulla, not far from their
former castle, was the last that bore it. He was the fifteenth MacFinnan
in direct line from Dermod Tralee, so called from having been assassinated
in the assize court of that ancient town, and in the very presence of the
judges, by the fourth Lord Kerry in 1325, and was father of the late
respected Randal MacFinnan MacCarthy, C.C., Killarney, as well as of
the present equally respected Daniel MacCarthy, professor of rhetoric at
the Royal College of Maynooth, etc. One of the most distinguished of
those chieftains who led their clans to the unnatural combat between
James II. and his son-in-law was Donal MacFinnan, the fourth in line of
ascent from Geoffrey. He it was who gloriously defended the ford of
Slane on the 1st July, 1690, leaving three hundred of his brave Kilgarvan-
men dead in the Boyne. He fell at Aughrim. Trinity College has his
estates. His descendants are landless."
Dermod of Tralee was second son to Donal Roe MacCarthy Mor,
Lodge and king °f Desmond, by his wife, Margaret, daughter to the
Cronnelly, third Lord Kerry, who married Slaine, the daughter of
p' O'Brien, prince of Thomond, and was murdered by his own
first cousin.
MAC FINNIN MACCARTHYS OF ARDTULLY.
2 1 I
In the course of centuries the spelling of the name underwent several
changes, MaghFinnin, McFinghin, MacFion, MacFynyne, MacFinin,
McFineen, etc., etc., all appertaining to the same family.
In the reign of Elizabeth (1588) Sir Warham St. Leger returned
State Papers, MacFinin of Desmond as one of the great lords of
Brit. Museum, countries, whose grandson, the brave Captain Suggane,
was brother to Major MacFineen who, at the head of his battalion
under command of Lord Muskerry, was slain on the 5th July, 1652, at
Smith's Hist, the battle of Knockniclasby, county Cork, and to Donogh
Kerry > p. 314- McFi nneen of Ardtully Castle, near Kenmare, who enter-
tained in 1645 Rinuccini, the nuncio, Prince of Fermo, and twenty-two
Italians, as related by the Rev. C. P. Meehan : — " That night the nuncio
was hospitably entertained by the lord of that mansion and region,
The Rise and who treated him with great magnificence. There he rested
Fall of the -two days. The actual lord of the circumjacent country,
FfClflClSCQ.lt
Monasteries, called Glenaroughty, according to immemorial Irish custom,
P- 35 T- is the FacFinneen, a dignity which with the estates always
devolved on the male heir alone.
The MacFinneen at that time was Donagh MacCarthy, a noble
singularly distinguished for his many excellences, of the royal and
most ancient family of the MacCarthies, etc. All were hospitably
entertained in Ardtully by the MacFinneen and his excellent wife
Catherine MacCarthy, daughter of Lord Muskerry, etc/'
Donogh was father to Colonel Donal MacFinneen, who fell at
Aughrim, and who, on the nth April, i69i,with Brigadier
Story part 2, Carroll and Colonel MacCarthy, commanded fifteen hun-
dred men at Enniskeen.
After Donal's death the estates were confiscated among the one
hundred thousand acres in the county of Kerry belonging to those
chieftains who took part in the Revolution of 1688.
His son Randal was the last tenant of the line who resided at
The Ardtully, and who built in 1743 the house at Tulla, near
MacCarthys of Kenmare, where the present generation were born and still
Gleannacroim, . , r °_
by MacCarthy reside. His name and year of erection are engraven on a
Glas. p., 174. Coign stone in the old residence. Randal's son, Randal,
was father to Geoffrey MacFinnin, whose wife was always called Madame
MacFinnin.
The Rev. Randal MacFinnin MacCarthy, and the Right Rev. Daniel
MacCarthy, late bishop of Kerry, were the sons of Geoffrey.
On the death of Randal the title devolved on the eldest brother,
Eugene, born in 1803, whose eldest son, Randal MacFinnin MacCarthy,
of Largo House, Rathmines, Dublin, born 23rd May, 1833, is the senior
212 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
living representative and lined descendant of this once potent sept of
the great MacCarrhas.
Daniel MacFion MacCarthy was M.l\ for Clonakitty
Davis. . ,0
in 1089.
In the Dirge of Ireland, composed in Irish by the Right Rev. Bishop
rp , . , , O'Connor of Kerry, in 1704, there is a footnote to the line
J ranslated by ✓ » / -n
Dr. O'Breniian, " MacFinan from the bosom of Eingit," thus : — " The Mac-
P" 87, Finnin, etc., whose patrimony was at Ardtully, near Ken-
mare, etc. Eugene MacCarthy of Tully is still styled the McEinnan, is
the lineal descendant of those chiefs."
In 1822 three cantos were published on the love of Desmond and
Adeline MacFinnan : —
" The rocks festooning was MacFinnan's child."
" In seeming hate MacFinnan's daughter named."
"Farewell ! farewell ! MacFinnan's child," etc., etc. —
The Spirit of the Lakes ; or, Muckross Abbey, 1822.
Letter dated " Since my last letters unto your honor touching the
12th July, 1588, marriage of the Earl of Clancar's daughter, there have
to Sir F. Wal- been here apprehended, by Mr. Vice-President's direction,
sinsham secre-
tary of State, Florence MacCarthy, the Countess of Clancar, MacFinnin,
frorcj^Sir Wm. anci others, who were all committed to Castlemain."
" With all their kindred clans, the MacFinnins joined in
the great outbreak of 1641, and are conspicuous above most of them
by their activity in the fierce struggles of that time. The names of no
The fewer than three brothers of them appear in the deposi-
MacCarthys of tions, etc. Of the fate of two of these we are in uncer-
Ci le (iwiCLcroiwi
by MacCarthy tainty (3 ante), but the third, who is called * the famous
Glas- Captain Suggane,' lost his life at that time, etc. At the
Boyne the chief of this sept fought at the head of three hundred of his
clansmen, etc.
" The father of Dr. MacCarthy and his two brothers was Geoffrey,
son of Randal, who was son of Randal, called of Tullo, in the parish of
Kenmare, who was son of Daniel, the heroic defender of the bridge and
ford of Slane."
" The few members of the family of the chieftain who survived the
defeat of Aughrim, in which MacFinnin himself fell with two brothers,
and two of his sons-in-law were borne on the stream of fugitives to
France.
MAC FINNIN MACCARTHYS OF ARDTULLY.
213
. , " We have in the appendix a short notice of the
Review oi rr
MacCarthy MacCarthys MacFinnin, and all our regret is that it is so
Glas's book by short This branch of the MacCarthys, located in Ardtully
the Freeman s r ^ .
Journal, iSth Castle, near Kenmare, derive their descent from Dermod
May, 1875. of Tralee, who was the younger son of Donal Roe, prince
of Desmond. This family lost their property in the Williamite confisca-
tion. The most remarkable members of it were Dermod of Tralee,
slain by Maurice, fourth Lord Kerry, on the bench of justice, before the
judge ; and in long generations after, Donal MacFinnin, the heroic
defender of the bridge of Slane at the Boyne. The descent from Donal
of Slane to the present day is complete, but between him and Desmond
of Tralee there are but few of the many generations given."
The MacCarthys.
Anna/s of " Without insisting, with Keating, that the ancestry of
hinisfallen; the MacCarthy family could be traced through twenty-
°fBfyle>' °jt. eicrht monarchs who governed the island before the Christian
ulster ' and 1 he
Irish Ecclesias- era, we may assert with the Abbe MacGeoghegan that if
M%^865^' reSarc* be had to primogeniture and seniority of descent,
the MacCarthy family is the first in Ireland.
Long before the founders of the oldest royal families in Europe —
before Rodolph acquired the empire of Germany or a Bourbon ascended
the throne of France, Cormac MacCarthy ruled over Munster, and the
title of king was at least continued in name to his posterity down to the
reign of Elizabeth. ' Few pedigrees, if any,' says Sir B. Burke, ' in the
British empire can be traced to a more remote or exalted source than
that of the Celtic house of MacCarthy.' "
As regards the old castle, like the family, scarcely a vestige remains.
Close to its ruins, on the right bank of the Roughty, a fine mansion was
erected some forty years ago by the late Sir Richard Orpen, of Dublin,
whose family acquired from Trinity College — either, I think, by purchase
or long lease — several thousand acres of the property.
About two miles from Ardtully is Callan, where in 1261 a battle was
fought between the MacCarthys and Geraldines, who were defeated,
suffering, it is alleged, the loss of eighteen barons, fifteen knights, with
many adherents. In this engagement Daniel MacCarthy fell, and was
buried on the battlefield : —
" And this is thy grave, MacCarra,
Here by the pathway lone,
Where the thorn blossoms are bending
Over thy moulder stone.
2 14 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY,
Alas ! for the sons of glory ;
Oh ! thou of the darkened brow,
And the eagle plume and the belted elans,
Is it here thou art sleeping now ?" —
Mus. Downing, 1840.
I give annexed one of a dozen verses published some twenty-five
years ago on the revival of the title " MacCarthy Mor," and an extract
from an article which appeared in May, 1865, on the ancient lineage of
the MacCarthys : —
" Let us make the MacCarthy Mor,
Let ;us seek the wisest and best,
Let us choose of the clan the foremost man,
And, trusting to God for the rest,
Let us make the MacCarthy Mor.
Oh, it must not, shall not die,
Too long in the dust it has lain —
The grand old name that with Heber came,
And the gallant chiefs from Spain.
Then up from the echoing hills,
And up from the sounding shore,
Let the scattered clan select their man,
And make him the MacCarthy Mor." —
The Nation, 25th March, 1873.
Che Climate oj Cork.
By WILLIAM MILLER.
nO doubt some will say that the subject chosen for this paper is unpopular,
uninteresting, and dry. But when it is remembered that the state of the
weather forms the introduction to almost every conversation, it must be
admitted that it is the most popular that could be taken up, and, there-
fore, we may naturally conclude the most interesting; and as to its being
dry, a moment's consideration will convince any one that the climate of Cork cannot
possibly be a dry subject.
Though the state of the weather may be a suitable introduction to general conver-
sation, it should be used only as such, and not form the entire subject of discourse. It
is remarked of some persons that but for the changeable nature of our climate there
would be no variety in their conversation.
" They sit in close committee on the sky,
Report it hot, or cold, or wet, or dry,
And find in changing climate happy source
Of wise reflection, and well-timed discourse."
THE CLIMATE OF CORK. 2 I 5
If we enquire after the health ot a friend, converse about the National Debt, or
discuss the Spectrum Analysis, we introduce the subject by remarks on the state of
the weather, and glide imperceptibly into either of these topics, or into any other, no
matter if it be the antipodes of that which originated the conversation.
Though every one considers himself competent to give an opinion on the climate of
his locality, or the state of the weather at any given period, it is strange what undefined,
vague, and erroneous views are held on what appears at first sight a simple subject.
Unless accurate observations are made and recorded, we cannot compare the tempera-
ture, humidity of atmosphere, rainfall, etc., of one period with those of another, or with
a corresponding period in previous years ; nor can we compare or contrast our climate
in any of its particulars with those of other countries.
The latitude and its mean temperature were formerly supposed to have a fixed
relationship. From this belief originated the geographical arrangement of climate,
which implies a succession of zones or belts parallel to the equator and to each other,
extending from the equator to the poles, in each of which as you depart from the
equator the longest day is half an hour longer than in the preceding. From the polar
circle to the poles, the climates are measured by the increase of a month. Cork is
situated at the northern boundary of the eighth climate, which extends to 51 degrees 59
minutes north latitude. The longest day is therefore sixteen hours. The northern
portion of the county of Cork is situated in the ninth climate.
Each climate as it recedes from the equator is supposed to represent a colder
temperature than the preceding ; this as a general rule is the case, but there are
several exceptions through interfering causes, such as proximity to the ocean which
has a tendency to equalize the temperature, or at least to moderate the extremes. In
places so situated, all other things being equal, the winters are less severe, and the
summers milder than would have been the case under other circumstances. The
Gulf Stream has a powerful influence in lessening the otherwise great severity of our
winters. Some places not so highly favoured as we are in this respect, though
situated in the same parallel of latitude, experience an extreme of winter temperature
to which fortunately we are strangers, reaching to 30 or 40 degrees below zero,
and in some places to 60 degrees below the greatest cold experienced by us.
Canada on the west, and Northern Russia on the east are striking illustrations.
The temperatnre of a country or district is moderated by the shelter from cold
winds afforded by high mountain chains. There are other local causes the existence
or absence of which modify the temperature of a district, such as great forests, large
sandy plains, depth of soil, or an extensive system of drainage.
The lines of equal annual mean temperature extending round the globe are irregular
curves, being neither parallel to the equator or to each other, some portions curving
towards the north and others towards the south. This is owing to the various local
influences referred to above. The isothermal line, representing 50 degrees, about the
mean temperature of Cork, or more correctly the mean of Ireland, curves downward as
it passes eastwardly through Europe and Asia, touching the northern portion of the
Black Sea, and passing through the centre of the Caspian Sea, reaches the Pacific
Ocean at 40 degrees north latitude, which is about 12 degrees lower than that
of Cork ; the same line passing westwardly enters the American Continent at
43 degrees north latitude, curves gradually towards the south, then rising more
steeply enters the Pacific Ocean at 44 degrees north latitude. Other isothermal lines
are more irregular and embrace greater extremes of latitude.
But it is in the meteorological not in the geographical aspect that we wish to view
the subject under consideration. The climate of anyplace does not merely refer to its
_'l6 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
temperature, but includes the dryness or moisture of the atmosphere, amount oi rainfall,
prevailing winds, or any other atmospheric phenomena for which it may be remarkable.
This subject has, or at least ought to have, an interest for all, as every one is more
or less affected by its influence; the student of health, whether professional or other-
wise, the agriculturist, the man of commerce, as well as the admirer of nature in all its
varied aspects.
As it is hard if not impossible to have a clear intelligent idea of anything without
comparing it with others of the same nature or kind, it will be necessary occasionally
to compare or contrast our climate in some of its particulars with that of other places
in Ireland or elsewhere.
Perhaps it may be well before entering directly on the subject in hand to say a few
words on the barometer, that most useful of meteorological instruments. If its
variations be intelligently observed, in conjunction with the direction and change of
wind and the indications of the hygrometer, the coming weather for at least twenty-
four hours may be foretold in nine cases out of ten.
The mean height of the barometer in the British Isles, at sea level and reduced to
freezing point, is 29-95 inches. Once in twelve months it may rise to 3070 inches, and
fall to 2870 inches. In the winter of 1837-8 it fell to below 28 inches, the lowest re-
corded this century ; and on the 18th of January, 1882, it rose to 30-94 inches. On the
latter occasion the probability of a rapid fall was telegraphed to all the mining
districts, as the pent up gases would be set at liberty through quickly-diminished
atmospheric pressure. Since then, viz., on the 9th of last January, the barometer,
corrected to sea level and freezing point, reached 31 inches at Cork. As is generally
the case with an unusually high barometer, the air was still, and a slight haze obscured
the view of distant objects.
According to the meteorologist, Dove, it is calculated that the mean temperature of
the whole earth is 58 degrees Fahrenheit ; that of the northern hemisphere being
597 degrees ; and of the southern, 56-5 degrees. The difference is principally owing
to the fact that the sun shines about seven days longer in the northern hemisphere
than in the southern ; the greater extent of land in the former causes greater extremes
of temperature, so that the difference between the summers of the two hemispheres
is greater than would otherwise be naturally inferred from the difference between their
annual mean temperature.
The southern position of the county of Cork, its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean,
as well as to the more direct influence of the Gulf Stream, combine to make it the
mildest county in Ireland, and in this respect it compares favourably with either
Cornwall, Devonshire, or the Isle of Wight. We may have to complain a little of the
humidity of the atmosphere, but should remember that to this in a great measure we
owe our freedom from sudden changes of temperatures.
The eastern portion of our island is as a rule drier, colder, and more subject to
extremes than the western, and the midland counties experience greater extremes
than those situated on the borders of the sea.
The annual mean temperature of the city of Cork is 50 degrees, that of the whole
of Ireland being 49 degrees. The mean temperature alone gives little idea of climate,
the extremes and range are more important. On an average, from fifty years observa-
tions, the warmest day in the north temperate zone, in which we are situated, is the
26th of July, and the coldest 14th of January. The days which on an average repre-
sent our mean annual temperature are 24th of April and the 26th of October.
The hottest day experienced at Cork for the last forty years was Sunday, July 16th,
1876, when the temperature reached 86 degrees in the shade. The highest recorded
THE CLIMATE OF CORK.
in London this century was 94 degrees, and at Paris and New York about 10 degrees
higher. The greatest cold experienced at Cork for the past seventy-five years was on
January 7th, 1894, when the temperature fell to 11 degrees Fahrenheit, or 21 degrees
of frost. On January 16th, 1881, we had 20 degrees of frost. The severe cold was of
longer duration on that occasion, when thick ice covered the river far below the
Custom House ; the Lough had eight inches of ice, and icycles might have been seen
hanging from below the horses' mouths from the condensation of vapour from their
nostrils. The cold experienced in England and Scotland was intense, reaching in the
midland counties to five degrees below zero, and to zero in London.
The warmest summer for the last thirty-three years was that of 1887, and the
coolest 1862. In the latter the highest temperature was 71 degrees. Owing to the
deficiency of heat the crops were late and produce small. In many places the corn
had to be cut down green and given to the cattle. The winter of 1878-9 was the
coldest in the memory of that oft-quoted individual, the oldest inhabitant. The year
1879 was a peculiar one. Guided solely by the temperature, not by the almanac, we
had six months winter, a spring and autumn, but no summer ; the highest temperature
was only 71 degrees. This was the last as well as the most unfavourable of three or
four years of agricultural depression and failure, producing widespread distress, which
would have resulted in actual famine but for the liberal and timely contributions from
England, the Colonies, and America, as well as from the more prosperous of the Irish
themselves.
The daily range or extremes of day and night temperatures at Cork is about 12
degrees, it sometimes, but rarely, reaches 25 degrees, monthly extremes being con-
sidered high at 35 degrees. Dublin and London, but particularly the latter, are subject
to greater extremes of temperature. So far we are more highly favoured.
One of the most important particulars connected with the climate of any district is
the annual amount of rainfall to which it is subject, as well as the number of days on
which rain falls, or the proportional duration of wet and dry weather. There are few
things more deceptive to the great majority as the amount of rainfall. If told that there
was a fall of three or four inches in a certain month, they consider it ridiculous and
suppose that you must have meant feet not inches. After ordinary heavy rain they
are used to seeing the water streaming from the down-pipes, rushing through the
channels, and swelling the watercourses, but do not take into consideration the
extensive surfaces which have to be drained to produce these effects. The rain gauge
indicates the quantity or depth of rain falling on the country or district in which it is
placed.
A rainfall of an inch in twenty-four hours, which quantity frequently falls at Cork,
is equal to one hundred and one tons on the English acre, or to nearly sixty-five
thousand tons on the square mile.
Though there is more evaporation in the southern hemisphere, owing to the
greater expanse of ocean, there is greater rainfall in the northern. The vapour from
the south being wafted northwardly at a great elevation by the south-east trade winds,
and reaching a calmer and colder region sinks and is condensed, forming clouds, and
finally falls in rain.
Before giving particulars of the rainfall of Cork, it may be well for the sake of
comparison to give a few of the quantities which fell in different parts of the United
Kingdom in the year 1894.
The greatest rainfall, not only in the British Isles, but in the whole of Europe, falls
at Stye Head, near Buttermere, Cumberland. In 1894 the amount was 166 inches,
which is about the average of that place. The smallest amount in the British Isles
2 IS
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCIMiOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
was at Leicester, 1 8 j inches. Greatest fall in Ireland was on Mangerton, 90^ inches;
h ast at Banbridge, 2470 inches. Mean for London and Dublin is 26 inches, for Cork
39 inches. For the latter places the amount in the year 1894 was for London 28
inches ; Dublin, 30 inches ; and Cork, 40 inches.
January is the wettest month at Cork, average rainfall, four and a half inches ;
November, December and February have each very little less. Our driest month is May
with 2 44 inches, April being next with 2*57 inches. The greatest annual fall for the
last thirty years, and probably for a much longer period, was in 1872, 6i£ inches ; the
dryest year in the same period was 1887, when only 22 1 inches fell. The greatest
month's rainfall was in December, 1872, 10 J inches, and December, 1895, 1016 inches.
The least month's rainfall was in June, 1887, and March, 1893, viz., 0-40 inch. The
average daily rainfall is about one-tenth of an inch, we sometimes have an inch in
twenty-four hours, seldom an inch and a half, but on October 1 8th, 1882, and November
20th, 1892, we had 2\ inches, on July 26th, 1872, i\ inches, and on August 12th, 1868,
there was a fall of three inches from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. This was the greatest rainfall
ever recorded at Cork, and was probably unprecedented. The rainfall which preceded
the great and disastrous flood of November 2nd, 1853, was remarkable both for
quantity and duration. There was a fall of six inches in the latter half of October,
and on the two days preceding the flood there was a continuous downpour amounting
to more than three inches. This flood was probably the greatest experienced in
Cork this century, as its consequences were more serious than any recorded for
that period. Through the destruction of St. Patrick's Bridge at least twelve persons
lost their lives, and probably double that number met their deaths through colds
and fevers, brought on from severe wettings and from damp houses, in many of
which the water rose to a height of six or eight feet. The poorer people were
supplied with food, which was carried to them in boats and handed in at the first
floor windows. Cattle and farm produce were swept off the low lands and destroyed.
The flooding of the fields gave a lake-like appearance to many portions of the valley
of the Lee.
The heaviest rainfall of short duration in my recollection occurred on the morning
of Thursday, July 26th, 1872. It fortunately lasted but one and a half or two hours.
The total rainfall that day was two and a half inches, most of which fell in those two
hours. Torrents of water rushed down the hills ; the boundary walls of private grounds
in many places were overturned. The surface of the Old Youghal Road was almost
completely washed away, laying bare the rock and exposing the gas and water pipes.
The debris was piled up at the foot of the hill to the height of six feet, and lay against
the doors and shop-fronts of several houses.
Though as a rule the atmosphere is damp during rain, yet such is not always the
case, as is proved by the indications of the hygrometer, which sometimes shows more
than average dryness notwithstanding the downpour. This occurs when the rain falls
from the higher atmosphere, or from heavy detached cumulous clouds ; the rain on
such occasions is generally heavy and of short duration. On the other hand we fre-
quently have a degree of moisture in the air, much above the average, unaccompanied
by rain, but when this increases to the point of saturation, the atmosphere being over-
charged, discharges itself of the excessive moisture in a thick, steady, fine rain,
sometimes called a "Scotch mist."
If after a fine morning the sky becomes overcast, and rain begins to fall at or about
noon, it is an unfavourable sign of the day. But if on the other hand after a wet
morning the rain gradually lightens and clears off about noon, the probability is that
the remainder of the day will be fine. At this time the sun's rays are most vertical,
THE CLIMATE OF CORK.
and have therefore greatest power in heating and expanding the atmosphere, giving
greater capacity for moisture which it consequently takes up as invisible vapour,
dissipating the clouds which would otherwise fall in rain. For a similar reason we
have less rain by day than by night, and less in summer than in winter.
The annual number of days with rain varies considerably. In the last twenty years
it ranged in Cork from 234 days in 1877 to 154 in 1887, the average number being 195
days. Though the amount of rainfall in Dublin is only two-thirds that of Cork, it has
as many days with rain.
We do not have rain when the temperature is below 38 degrees ; water or vapour
then reaches the earth as sleet or snow, descending from a height at which the
temperature is at or below freezing point. This soon thaws unless the air should con-
tinue to cool down, which would be a natural consequence. If the cold increase till it
reaches or goes below 32 degrees, the falling snow no longer containing any liquid
particles, loses its cohesive property, greatly to the disappointment of the schoolboy
who anticipates an agreeable pastime in the exciting exercise of throwing snowballs.
The extreme whiteness of snow is owing to the multiplicity of reflections from the
innumerable surfaces or facets of the crystals of which it is composed. The various
degrees of density in deposited snow is remarkable, the lightest requires a depth of
thirty-five inches to be equal when dissolved to one inch of water, while the most dense
will be as five to one of water. The average density being in the proportion of twelve
inches of snow to one of water.
We consider it a heavy fall which covers the ground to a uniform depth of three
inches, it has often been seen in Cork six inches deep, but in the great snowstorm of
February 15th and 16th, 1855, the city was covered to a depth varying from two to
three feet, and the country from four to six feet, snow drifts, of course, being much
deeper. On that occasion the snow continued to fall without intermission for thirty-
three hours; many persons were snowed up and perished, coaches and trains ceased
running, and business was almost entirely suspended for three days. The heaviest
fall since then was that of February 19th and 20th, 1892, when business was at a com-
plete standstill for some days. In some districts railway traffic had to be abandoned.
Several trains were snowed up, including one that the writer happened to be in when
returning from Dublin.
As the direction as well as the duration and force of wind in any district influences
the character of its climate, it is necessary that we should briefly refer to this branch
of the subject. It may be premised that when the air is in motion, no matter whether
as a gentle breeze or as a violent storm, it travels quicker in the higher regions of the
atmosphere than near the surface of the earth, where its progress is retarded by the
obstructions of mountains, hills, or minor irregularities.
That this is the case is proved by observation on the speed of cloud shadows over
the surface of the earth, as well as by the rate at which balloons travel, which must
necessarily be at the speed of the stratum of air through which they may happen to be
passing at any given time. The retardation through friction of surrounding obstructions
is familiarly illustrated by the flow of a river, where it may be observed that the water
at the bed of the river, as well as at the sides, where the freedom of its onward
progress is impeded, moves less rapidly than in the centre, which is comparatively free
from obstruction.
{To he co?itinued.)
22Q
COR K HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
jSfotes on the Council T3ooK oj ClonaKilty,
Now in the possession of Ike Rev. J. Hume Townsend, D, I).
Collected by DOROTHEA TOWNSHEND.
X.
At a court held for sd. burrough the ioth day of August 1819 Capt.
( 7o!/''0/ij'uiL'Uy *)an*e" Connor was sworn freeman of this burrough by the undernamed
suffrain burgesses and recorder.
David Barry Suff. Har. Freke
Arthur Bernard Fras: Bernard.
Percy Freke
(This entry is clearly misdated, as David Barry was not suffrain in
1 7 19).
Daniel Connor of Manch, merchant, grandson of Cornelius Connor
of Bandon. He died, 1737, leaving three sons — William of Manch, M.P.
for Bandon ; George of Ballybricken ; and Henry, in holy orders.
At a court held for said burrough the 23rd day of August 1727 by
>un oug l oj tjie un(jernamed suffrain burgesses and deputy recorder the Honoble
* ' Coll. Abraham de Fisher, Matthew Adderley esqr and Mr. Nathaniel
Danger were admitted and sworn freemen.
David Barry Suffrn., Fra : Bernard
Percy Freke Roger Bernard
John Townesend
Richard Hungerford Dep. Rec.
Matthew Adderley, probably son of Edward Adderley of Gloucester-
shire, and Mary, daughter of Sir Matthew Hale of Alderley.
At a court held for the sd. burrough on Wednesday the 30th of
Clou^hlmkiU ^uSust :727 by the undernamed suffrain burgesses and deputy
oug na 1 y. recorder ^apt. Allon Brown, the Rev. Mr. Nicholas Skoelfield, Mr.
Edward Jermyn, Mr. David Jermyn Mr. Thomas Clements Mr. Anthony Litten and
Mr. Vincent Lamb were admitted and sworn freemen of this burrough.
David Barry Suffrn. Richd. Cox
Emanuel Moore John Bourne
Percy Freke Richard Hungerford.
Fra : Bernard
Nicholas Skolfield, scholar of T.C.D., 1707, vicar choral of Cork,
rector Rathbarry, vicar Fanlobis and Drinagh, vicar Kilgaskin from
1737 to 1746, married, 1718, Mary, widow of Allen Riggs, and daughter
of the great Sir R. Cox. Nicholas Skolfield died 1746.
NOTES ON THE COUNCIL BOOK OF CLONAKILTV.
2 2 1
County of Corke. At a court of record held for said burrough on Monday the 16th
Burrough of day of October 1727 by the undernamed suffrain burgesses deputy
Cloughnakiliy : recorder and freemen.
Pursuant to an order to us directed from Richard Cox esqr high sheriff of this
county, grounded on his Majesties writt : bearing date the thirteenth day of 7^er last
requiring us to elect and chuse two able and discreet burgesses to appear at the next
parliament to be held in Dublin the 16th day of 9ber next, there to do and consent in
behalf of said burrough to all such matters as shall concern the publick good of this
kingdom : now we, the soveraigne burgesses and freemen have elected Francis
Bernard junr esqr and Richd. Cox esqr the sd. sheriff to represent the corporation in
said parliament.
Freemen. David Barry Suffrn.
Willm. Meade Corn : Townesend
Tho. Browne Ja. Cox
Hen. Kenny Arthur Bernard
Natl Danger.
Richard Hungerford Dep. Rec
At a court of record held for sd. burrough on the 25th day of 8ber
T f
Cloughnakiliy
nrrough of ^ ^e undernamed suffran, burgesses and deputy recorder, Mr.
Thomas Barter senr., Mr. John Broom, Mr. Samuel Jeago, Thos
Barter junr., John Porter, Charles Gookin, William Austin, Edward Martin, Richard
Martin, William Martin, Benjamin Barter, Richard Daunt, John Wagner, Ansel.
Lankton, Jonathan Busteed, Thomas Aderley, John Anstis, John Montagne, Robert
Danger, Samuel Millner, John Walters, William Millner, William Dwyer, John Gale,
William Barter, William Daunt, Edward Bulstrowde, Harbert Gilman, John Smith
junr., David Hamilton, John Spiller, Thomas Clerk, Hugh Ruby, Phillip Ruby, Thomas
Donovan, Henery Hussey and Mr. John Hungerford were admitted and sworn freemen
of this burrough.
Percy Freke Suffrn. Roge. Bernard
Fra : Bernard Har : Freke
Saml. Jervois
Richard Hungerford Dept Rec.
Perhaps William Daunt was of Tracton Abbey, who, 1727, married
Elizabeth Bullen.
John Hungerford, probably John, second son of Thomas Hungerford
and Frances Syng, and grandson of Captain Thomas Hungerford, the
first settler. John married Catherine Jones of Drumbeg.
Herbert Gillman, great-grandson of Lieut. John Gillman, founder of
the family in county Cork (see C. H. A. S. Journal, second series, vol. i.,
P- 35 0- Jonn left two sons, Stephen of Curraheen and Henry of
Carrigrohane. Stephen's line ended with Sir John St. Leger Gillman,
1 817. Henry married three times. His eldest surviving son, Richard,
was issue of the second marriage with Maude, daughter of Captain
James Elwill of Bandon. Richard married Mary Baldwin of Curravordy
(Mount Pleasant), and settled at Gurteen, near Bandon. These lands
had been acquired by Richard Hawes when forfeited by the O'Mahony
2 2 2
cork HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIKTV.
clan (sec C. If. A. S. journal, second series, vol. i., p. 222), and he named
Richard Gillman in his will.
Richard died before 1716, leaving, with daughters, an only son,
Herbert, lie married, April II, 1724, Jane, third daughter of John
Webb of Clogheenmilcon, Clonteadmore, etc., now represented by
Herbert Webb Gillman. His second wife, married May 4, 1732, was
Sarah, daughter of Henry Baldwin of Mount Pleasant, and had Herbert,
who inherited from his father Shannacloyne (Old Park) and gave origin
to the family, Gillman of Old Park, now only represented by descendants
in America. The third wife of H. Gillman was Penelope, married 1744,
second daughter of Philip French of Rath {alias Gurrane, the rath and
royal residence of the O'Mahony chiefs), mayor of Cork 171 5, and
Penelope, daughter of Captain Horatio Townesend, R.N., and grand-
daughter of Colonel R. Townesend. By his third marriage H. Gillman
only had two daughters, Penelope, who married, 1768, Jonas Bernard of
Carhue, and Mary, died unmarried.
Thomas Aderley, eldest son of Edward Aderley of Gloucestershire,
an officer in King Charles' Munster army before 1649. Thomas was
member of Parliament for Bandon and Clonakilty for forty years. He
married, in 1740, Elizabeth, daughter of Francis Bernard and widow
of Viscount Charlemont ; and secondly, Margaret Bourke. He died
in 1792.
The Barter family descend from three brothers who were captains of
infantry in the army of William III.
Thomas Barter, senr., son of Benjamin, who was probably one of
these officers. Thomas was of Anaghmore, etc., he married several
times. By his wife Elizabeth Hawkes, married 1704, he had Benjamin,
mentioned below. His will was proved 1750.
Thomas Barter, junr., only son of John Barter of Cooldaniel,
younger brother of Thomas Barter of Anaghmore. John married
Margaret, daughter of Robert Atkins, mayor of Cork 1726. His will
was proved 1742.
Benjamin Barter, second son of Thomas of Anaghmore. He mar-
ried, 1730, Mary Hodder, and inherited the lands of Lissanisky by his
father's will. He left a son, Thomas, mentioned in his grandfather's will.
William Barter, eldest son of Thomas of Anaghmore, where he
succeeded his father. Joseph, the third son of Thomas Barter, does not
seem to have become a freeman.
g ^ . At the court of record held for the said burrough on Wednesday
n h h'lf ^e I^t^1 °^ ^ber l72J ky the undernamed suffrain, burgesses and
' deputy recorder on my Lord Burlington's not notifying his election of
one of the three burgesses nominated and returned to his lordship on St. James' day
NOTES ON THE COUNCIL BOOK OF CLONAKILTY.
last, have unanimously elected and sworn the Honble Sir Percy Freke bait, who took
the oath and had the ensigns of authority delivered to him.
David Barry Har : Freke
Robert Travers Cor : Townesend
Emanuel Moore Roger Bernard
Francis Bernard John Honner
Arthur Bernard John Townesend
Saml. Jervois
Richard Hungerford Dep. Recorder.
g ^ At a court of record held for sd. burrough the 28th day of April
Clou hnakilt l^2^ 011 tne ^eatn °f Sir Percy Freke bart, John Townesend esqr
Richd Cox esqre and James Cox esqre were ellected to be return'd to
the lord of the soyle in order to his lordship's nominating one of them to be suffrain
for the remainder of this year : which nomination or aprobation is to be made in fifteen
days pursuant to the charter.
Adjourned to Wednesday the 8th of May.
Richd Hungerford Dep Rec John Townesend
John Honner James Cox
Hary Freke
Burrough of
Cloughnakilty.
At a court of record held for said burrough on Wednesday the 8th
day of May 1728 by the undernamed burgesses and deputy recorder
on the lord of the soyle not making his election of one of the three
burgesses returned to his lordship upon the death of Sir Percy Freke our late suffrain:
for suffrain for the rest of this year, John Townesend esq was ellected and sworn
suffrain for the remainder of this year pursuant to the charter and had the ensignes of
authority delivered to him.
Rogr Bernard Richard Townesend
James Cox Richard Cox
Richard Cox Cor: Townesend
Emanuel Moore John Honnor
Francis Bernard John Townesend
Har : Freke Saml. Jervois
Richard Hungerford, Dep. Rec.
At a court held for the said burrough the 8th day of May 1728
Cloughnakilty Stephen Bernard eqr was by the appointment of the Rt. HonbIe
Richard Earl of Cork and Burlington lord of the soyle sworn recorder
of this burrough by the undernamed sfrveraigne and burgesses pursuant to the charter.
John Townesend, Suffn Roger Bernard
Emanuel Moore Cor: Townesend
Richard Cox James Cox
Hary Freke
At a court of record held for the said burrough on Saturday the
Clot h k 'ft ^tn °* ^ber I'72^ by tne undernamed suffrain recorder and burgesses,
' the Honble Sir John Freke bart. and Morgan Donovan eqre were
elected and sworn in free burgesses of sd burrough in the room of Sr Percy Freke bart.
224 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
and Bryan Townesend esqpe deceased, pursuant to the charter and stattute, and the
same day Captain William Hoar Richard Murray Francis Rucroft Richard Rucroft and
George Hayes were ducly sworn freemen.
John Townesend Suffn K i< 1 1 1 > Mead
Richard Cox Har FREKE
Same. Jervois Cor: Townesend
Robt. Travers Roger Bernard
John Townesend
g j At the court of record held for the sd burrough the 1 6th day of
Clou hnakilt ^'>C! 1^2^ ^ ^°^m Townsend eclr suffrain and Richard Hungerford
' deputy recorder the undernamed persons were admitted and sworn
freemen of the corporation,
John Townesend Suffn
Richard Hungerford Dep. Rec.
Thomas Cole, Edward Blake, Thomas Blake, Garett Hearn, Richard Troume,
David Troume, Joseph Burchell, Samuel Burchell, William Byre, Thos Curtin,
Edwd Barrett, John Grady, John Coursey, Lawrence Salter, Richd Nash, John Dinneen,
Mr. Francis Townsend, Mr. Butler Townsend.
Francis and Butler Townsend were sons of Richard Townesend, who
lived near Bandon, and married Miss Minchin. He was son of Captain
F. Townsend and Catherine Honner of Madame. Francis Townesend
lived at Clogeen, and married one of the Roche family. Butler, born
1703, died 1734, was a clergyman ; he married Frances, daughter of
John Roche of West Carberry.
. At a court of record held for this burrough on Fryday the 18th day
urroug lOJ q£ gber j^2g pUrsuant to tne nomination and appointment of the lord of
' the soyle, Roger Bernard eqr was elected and sworne suffrain for the
ensuing year, and had the ensigns of authority delivered to him. At the same time
John Dixon, John Colle senr. (sic), John Coole junr., George Crofton, Nathaniel
Blake, John Barrett and Danl. Mahony were sworn freemen.
John Townesend Saml. Jervois
Emanuel Moore Robt. Travers
Stephen Bernard Cor: Townesend
At a court of record held for sd burrough on Saturday the 18th day
Burrough of of Marcn 1 728-9 by the undernamed suffrain and burgesses the
' Revd William Meade elk. was unanimously elected and sworn burgess
in the place and room of Robert Travers eqr deceased.
Rog: Bernard Suffn Jno. Townesend
Richd. Townesend Robert Travers
Corn : Townesend Mor : Donovan
John Townesend
Richd. Hungerford Dep. Rec.
( To be continued.)
CORK M.P'S.
225
Cork j¥.ps., 1559-1800.
Being a Biographical Dictionary of the Members of Parliament for the
City, the County, and the Boroughs of the County of Cork, from the
earliest returns to the union.
By C. M. TENISON, B.L., M.R.I. A.
Roche, Philip, of Kinsale.
M.P. Kinsale, 1639.
Son of Richard Roche, of Powlenelong (who died 9th September, 1638), by his third
wife, Nicola, daughter of Garret Gould, of Cork, and half-brother of Patrick Roche, m.p.
(q.v.) He lived in Cork Street, Kinsale ; his estates were forfeited by Cromwell. He
is said to have died unmarried.
Roche, Redmond, of Cahirdangan.
M.P. Cork County, 1639.
He was expelled 22nd June, 1642, " for the rebellion."
[Rochfort, Robert.
M.P. Cork County, 1463.
(See under Roger Sonkeston, m.p. post.) ]
Rogers, George, of Ballyknavin, county Tipperary.
Elected M.P. for Midleton and Lismore, 1692, and sat for the latter.
Second son of Francis Rogers, merchant, of Cork, and brother of Robert Rogers, m.p.
{q.v.) ; resided also at Ashgrove ; was attainted by James II.
He and Thomas Brodrick (q.v.) were the first two members elected for the borough
of Midleton, which was incorporated by charter dated 2nd January, 1670. On his
electing to sit for Lismore, Henry Petty (q.v.) was chosen by the Midleton burgesses
to succeed him.
He was born about 1649; married first, Anne; secondly, •. He died, 1710,
and was buried in the church of Clonmell, county Cork, leaving issue, of whom Mary
married E. Webber, m.p. (q.v.), and Lucy married Emanuel Pigot, m.p. (q.v.)
Rogers, Alderman Robert, of Ashgrove, Cork.
M.P. Cork City, 1692 ; 1695-99.
Eldest son of Francis Rogers, merchant, of Cork, by a daughter of Joseph Pike, and
brother of the foregoing. He had grants of lands from Charles II., which were con-
firmed by James II. ; mayor of Cork, 1680 ; lent money to the corporation to build the
shambles ; was apparently treasurer and financial agent of the corporation.
He married, 1697, Elizabeth, daughter of Alderman Noblett Dunscombe, of Cork,
and died 17 17. Ancestor of the Lota family.
Ronaine, Alderman Theobald, of Youghal.
M.P. Youghal, 1634; 1639.
Admitted freeman of Youghal, 1610; bailiff, 1627; mayor, 1629. Was a merchant in
the town and a prominent participator in its public affairs. Was wealthy and contri-
buted £12 to the general assessment " upon the ablest men of Youghell," to provide
15
226 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII/EOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
forty butts of "secke" — Falstaffs favourite sack— for the supply of His Majesty's army
for one mouth in 1642.
The candidates for the election in 1634, and the respective voting were as follows: —
Edward Gough, alderman, , .. .. 59 votes.
Theobald Ronaine, do. . . . . . . 41 M
Edward Stoute, do. . . . . . . 21
Christmas Harford, do. .. .. .. 5 ,,
In 1639, the candidates and voting were : —
Edward Gough .. .. .. .. 51 n
Theobald Ronaine . . . . . . 44
William Gough .. .. .. .. 21 ,,
Nicholas Forrest . . .. .. .. 10 „
Rowley, Samuel Campbell.
M.P. Kinsale, 1797- 1800.
Third son of Clotworthy Rowley, m.p., by Letitia, daughter and co-heir of .Samuel
Campbell, of Mount Campbell, county Leitrim ; and younger brother of William Rowley,
m.p. \q.v.)
He was born 19th January, 1774; married, first, Mary Thompson ; secondly, 1830,
Mary Cronin, and died January, 1846, it is said s.p.
He was a lieutenant in the royal navy; free of Kinsale, 1797 ; was M.P. also (in the
Imperial Parliament) for Downpatrick, 1800-1802 ; Kinsale, 1802-1806; rear-admiral of
the white; commanded the " Terror" (burnt at Copenhagen, 1801) and the " Laurel."
" His wonderful presence of mind and heroism when his ship the ' Laurel ' frigate was
wrecked, January, 1812 — he being the very last man to leave her — shed lustre on our
naval annals."'
Rowley, William/1) of Langford Lodge, Moira, and Granby Row, Dublin.
M.P. Kinsale, 1790-97 ; 1797-1800.
Eldest son of Clotworthy Rowley, m.p., and brother of the foregoing ; b.a. (t.c.d.)
1783; ll.b., 1787 ; barrister-at-law, 1787; freeman of Kinsale, 1790; recorder, 1796;
commissioner of Customs, 1798, and re-elected after accepting that office. Was M.P.
also (in the Imperial Parliament) for Kinsale, 1 801-1802.
He died unmarried, 181 1.
Rugg, Henry, of Ballydaniel.
M.P. Youghal, 1719-27.
Fifth son of the Rev. John Rugge.
Was a barrister-at-law; deputy-recorder, Youghal, 1700; recorder, 1 7 1 5, from which
office he was removed in 1724, because " he hath greatly dis-served the corporation,
and entered into measures destructive of their ancient liberties and the duty of his
office" — and Hugh Dixon (q.v.) was appointed in his stead. A member of the common
council, 17 1 1. He appeared before the House of Commons in 1715 on behalf of the
corporation, in regard to the admission, irregularly, to the freedom of the town of
fifty-five unqualified persons in the previous October. Contested the representation
of the town with Sir John Osborne, the voting being — Rugg, 88 ; Osborne, 60.
He married 26th December, 1708, Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Jasper Lucas,
merchant, of Youghal, by Jane Hayman, and had issue three daughters, co-heiresses.
(For a description of Ballydaniel, his residence, see Smith, vol. i. p. 86).
St. George, Richard.
M.P. Charleville, 1783-90.
Second son of Captain George St. George, by Miss Bathurst, and nephew of Sir
Richard St. George, of Woodsgift, first baronet.
He was drowned in the river St. Lawrence.
(1) Misprinted Croxvley in Caulfield's and other lists.
CORK M.PS.
227
St. George, Arthur (afterwards first Viscount Doneraile).
M.P. Doneraile, 1692.
Eldest son of Johfi St. Leger, m.p. {q.v.) He and his father were the first two members
for the borough, which was incorporated 1st May, 1679. Attainted by James II., 1689;
a privy councillor; created Baron of Kilmaydon and Viscount " Downerayle," 23rd
June, 1703. Rebuilt the parish church of Doneraile, which had been erected by his
grandfather in 1633.
He married 24th January, 1690, Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of John Hayes, m.p.
{q.v.); she died 1739, and issue (see following). He died suddenly in his chaise
on the road between Waterford and Doneraile, 7th July, 1727, and was buried at Done-
raile. The viscountcy of this creation is extinct.
St. Leger, Hon. Arthur (afterwards second Viscount Doneraile).
M.P. Doneraile, 1715-27.
Eldest son of the foregoing; b.a. (t.c.d.), 1717; ll.d. (sf.gr.), 1719. He was born
1693; married, first, 1717, Mary, only child of the notorious Lord Mohun (she died
November, 1718) ; he married secondly, 1725, Catherine Sarah, daughter of Captain
John Conyngham (she died 1783, s.p.) He succeeded as second Viscount Doneraile,
1727, and died in the Isle of Man, 13th March, 1734, and was succeeded by his only
son (by his first wife), Arthur.
St. Leger, Hon. Barry Boyle.
M.P. Doneraile, 1797-99.
Fifth son of the first Viscount Doneraile of the existing creation — (see St. Leger
St. Leger, m.p.). Was a barrister-at-law.
He was born 23rd November, 1768, and died November, 1799.
St. Leger, Hon. Hayes.
M.P. Doneraile, 1727-50.
Third son of Arthur St. Leger, first Viscount Doneraile (q.v.). He was baptised
1st January, 1702 ; succeeded his nephew, Arthur St. Leger (the third baronet), in the
peerage, 1750; married, 1722, Elizabeth, eldest daughter and co-heir of Joseph Deane,
chief baron of the exchequer; he d.s.p. 25th April, 1767, and with him the peerage
expired. The title was revived in the person of St. Leger St. Leger (q.v.).
St. Leger, Hayes (afterwards second Viscount Doneraile).
M.P. Doneraile, 1776-83 ; 1783-87.
Eldest son of St. Leger St. Leger, first viscount of existing creation (q.v.). Was high
sheriff, county Cork, 1780; elected for Dingle also in 1783, and sat for Doneraile. He
was born 9th March, 1755; married, 1785, Charlotte Bernard, sister of first Earl of
Bandon (she died 1835). He succeeded as second viscount, 1787 ; died 8th November,
1819. His male issue expired with the fourth lord, who died in 1887 from hydrophobia
caused by the bite of a fox, and the title reverted to the descendant of Hon. Richard
St. Leger, m.p. (q.v.).
St. Leger Hay ward, of Castlemore.
M.P. Mallow, 1661.
Third son of Sir William St. Leger, m.p. (q.v.), and brother of John St. Leger (q.v.).
Was in 1672 (then "Colonel St. Leger") sworn a freeman and burgess of Kinsale
gratis; was also of " Hayward's Hillhouse," county Cork; a commissioner for "the
arrears due the officers," 1662 and 1675 ; had grants of land under the Acts of Settlement.
He married Barbara, widow of Sir Andrew Barrett, m.p. (q.v.), (she died 1685), and
had issue four sons and three daughters. He died before 1685.
(To be continued).
2 28 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
proceedings 0/ the 50C^ty.
ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING.
HE fourth annual general meeting of the Society was held on Tuesday
evening, April 14th, 1896, in the Library, Municipal School of Art, at
eight o'clock.
Mr. Robert Day, f.s.a., President, occupied the chair.
The President said — We have come to another annual meeting of our
Society, and I have been asked to give a presidential address. Hitherto I have
encroached too much upon the preserves of the hon. secretary, and, with your per-
mission, I will leave the retrospect of the year's work in his hands. He will recall to
your memory its many pleasant recollections, the lectures we have heard, and the
papers that have been read, which were varied enough to whet every appetite and
please every taste. We have been occasionally mildly abused, but it is one of the
easiest things in the world to find fault, and it is sometimes rather a virtue to merit
adverse criticism. I am glad that the researches of our Society are not limited and
confined within the precincts of the county, but are gradually embracing the adjoining
counties of Kerry and Limerick, and recording events in the general history of our
country. Take, for instance, the papers of Miss Kelly and the Rev. J. F. Lynch.
There is ample work to be done if only our members would take a more practical
interest in this Journal. I know that some of its contributors will endorse what I say,
for they strongly object to seeing their own names so often in print. They on their
part and I on mine would much rather see new blood infusing itself into our pages,
and new names heading our papers.
We have lost by death some of our members in the past year. In the order of
Providence this cannot be wondered at, as our member roll numbers six hundred ; but
the year has been sadly eventful in removing one who was with us from the com-
mencement, who took the warmest interest in our Society from its inception, and was
its vice-president. Need I say that I allude to Mr. Denny Lane ? On this day twelve
months he was with us, bright and genial, always ready to impart the information
with which his mind was so richly stored, the great treasure-house from which he ever
took things new and old, and dispensed with a free and generous hand. He is gone
to his reward, and we are all the poorer by his absence and by his irreparable loss.
Among our distinguished members from the start was the late Primate, who often spoke
to me of the interest he took in our transactions, and the pleasure with which he looked
forward to the coming of our Journal to his home in Armagh. Another, of whom a
memoir by the able pen of Mr. Thomas Crosbie has appeared in the Journal, was also
a foundation member, Mr. Richard Barter, the gifted sculptor, who in his studio at
St. Ann's Hill always had a warm Irish welcome for friends and visitors. But this is
sad work, and as I have something to show you and talk about later on 1 will now ask
the treasurer to read the statement of our finances.
The Hon. Secretary (Mr. Denham Franklin, j.p.) then read a resume of the year's
work of the Society, mentioning the subjects on which papers had been read and
lectures delivered.
The Hon. Treasurer (Mr. Thomas Farrington, m.a.) submitted a statement of
accounts. The total receipts were ^163 7s. 1 id., and the expenditure ,£156 os. 5|d.,
PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY.
229
leaving a balance in hands of £7 7s. 53d. Since they commenced they had small
balances to their credit annually, and the total of these balances now amounted to
^4.2 10s. od.
Mr. T. H. Mahony proposed the adoption of the report and statement of accounts,
and congratulated the heads of the Society and the members on the uniform success
which had attended their efforts since its inception.
Mr. Cecil C. Woods, f.r.s.a., seconded the proposition, which was passed
unanimously.
Index to the Cork Marriages, from a.d. 1623 to 1750.
The Hon. Secretary, on behalf of Mr. Herbert Webb Gillman, Vice-President,
who was unable to be present owing to indisposition, moved the following
resolution : —
" That this, the annual general meeting of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society,
understanding that an Index to the Cork Marriage Bonds between the years 1 623 and 1750 has
been placed in the search room of the Public Record Office, Dublin, and that the Vice-President
of this Society has been instructed by the Council to ask the permission of the Right Hon. the
Master of the Rolls to publish the Index, recommends same to his lordship's favourable consi-
deration in the interests of the residents in Cork city and county."
Mr. Cecil C. Woods seconded the motion. He said it was more important than
appeared on the surface, because there were a great many respectable Catholic families
living amongst them at the present time, many of whom two hundred years ago were
amongst the aristocracy, and the family history of these people would be quite as
interesting as that of people now in the higher ranks of life.
The resolution was passed unanimously.
Documents and Articles Lent to the Society.
The Hon. Secretary also proposed, on behalf of Mr. Gillman : —
" That the cordial thanks of this the annual general meeting of the Cork Plistorical and
Archaeological Society be given to the following gentlemen of the county of Cork for valuable
documents and articles lent to the Society through the Vice-President, viz : — To Captain R.
Tonson Rye, d.l., of Rye Court, for important family papers throwing light on the history of lands
in Muskerry in the seventeenth century, and for the loan of the beautiful flag of the Muskerry
Cavalry ; to Sir Augustus R. Warren, bart, d.l., for the loan of the Orderly Book of the
Muskerry Yeomanry, extracts from which will shortly be published, and for information and loan
of arms of the corps ; to Captain T. W. Woodley, d.l., of Leades Plouse, for loans of arms of
the same corps, and for material aid in exploring on his lands ; to Messrs. Gallwey for loan of
the Orderly Book of the Muskerry Legion ; to the contributors to the conversazione, especially
those who came from a distance."
Rev. J. A. Dwyer, o.p., seconded the motion, which was supported by Mr. T.
Farrington and passed unanimously.
Mr. Francis W. Allman (Council member) moved the re-election of the Council
and officers as they were constituted at present.
Mr. Henry J. P. Casey seconded the proposition, which was passed unanimously.
Exhibits by Mr. Robert Day, F.S.A.
Early Copper Celts.
The President, on behalf of J. H. Poole, esq., Courtmacsherry, exhibited two early
copper celts, which were found during the construction of the Headford and Kenmare
23O CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Railway in a cleft of a limestone quarry, seven feet beneath the surface. They had
evidently fallen through the parted rock and remained lor centuries just as they were
found, but are covered with a pale green patina and bear no signs of having been in use.
O'Brien, the Irish Giant.
By the kindness of H. P. Daunt, esq., of Kinsale, the President was enabled to exhibit
the finger ring of Patrick Cotter O'Brien, the Irish giant ( illustration annexed). He was
born near Pallastown, Kinsale, in 1761, and recollections of his great stature and his
feats of strength are still preserved in the locality. He was a stonemason by trade, and
it is told of him at Pallastown, the family residence of R. W. Heard, esq., that he
plastered the ceilings of the mansion without the aid of step-ladder or stool. His
parents were not above the average height. When eighteen years of age a speculative
showman bought him from his father at fifty pounds a year and embarked with him to
Bristol. But after having been exhibited for a short time the young giant struck, as he
was not allowed any pocket money for the tobacco, which was then as it is now one of
the luxuries of the Irish peasant's life.
The showman taking advantage of the law as it then existed, flung him into a
debtor's prison, thinking that he would soon be terrified into submission ; but
fortunately the circumstance came to the knowledge of a benevolent gentleman, who,
proving the contract to be illegal, had Cotter liberated. He at once commenced on
his own account, and with such success that he earned thirty pounds in three days.
Shortly after this Cotter changed his name, or possibly it was changed for him by the
showman who took him round as an exhibition. At Pallastown he was plain Patrick
Cotter, but now he appears with the appellation of an Irish king, from whom he claimed
lineal descent.
Here is the copy of one of his handbills —
" Just arrived in Town, and to be seen in a commodious room at No. 11 Haymarket, nearly
opposite the Opera House, the celebrated Irish Giant, Mr. O'Brien of the Kingdom of Ireland,
indisputably the tallest man ever shown. He is a lineal descendant of the old puissant King
Brien Boreau, and has in person and appearance all the similitude of that great and grand
Potentate. It is remarkable of this family that however various the revolutions in point of
fortune and alliance, the lineal descendants thereof have been favoured by Providence with the
original size and stature which have been so peculiar to their family. The Gentleman alluded
to measures near nine feet high. Admittance, one Shilling."
Cotter conducted himself with so much prudence that having realised a competence
he retired to Clifton, where he died at the age of forty-seven, September 8th, 1804. A
memorial tablet in the Roman Catholic church, Trenchard Street, Bristol, informs us
that :
" Here lie the remains of Mr. Patrick Cotter O'Brien, a native of Kinsale, in the kingdom
of Ireland. He was a man of Gigantic Stature, exceeding eight feet three inches in height,
and proportionably large."
Previous to his death he expressed great anxiety lest his body should fall into the
hands of the anatomists, and gave directious for securing his remains with brickwork
and strong iron bars in the grave.
A notice occurs in the British Magazine for 1783 of the death of another Irish giant
of the same name :
" In Cockspur Street, Charing Cross, aged only twenty-two, Mr. Charles Byrne, the famous
Irish giant, whose death is said to have been precipitated by excessive drinking, to which he
PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY. 2 3 1
was always addicted, but more particularly since his late loss of almost all his property, which
he had simply invested in a single bank note of ^"700. In his last moments he requested that
his remains might be thrown into the sea, in order that his bones might be removed far out of the
reach of the chirurgical fraternity. In consequence the body was put on board a vessel, conveyed
to the Downs, and sunk in twenty fathoms of water. In August, 1780, he measured exactly
eight feet. In 1782 his stature had gained two inches, and when dead his full length was eight
feet four inches."
There is no truth in the statement that his remains were thrown into the sea, for
his skeleton, measuring seven feet eight inches, is now in the Museum of the College
of Surgeons, and the tradition in the college is that it was purchased by William
Hunter for five hundred pounds.
Finger Ring of O'Brien.
Patrick Cotter O'Brien's ring is of gold if inch in diameter, the shank flat and
plain, and is joined to a large oval bezel, two inches in length, enclosing beneath a
crystal upon a white enamelled ground work the Irish harp surmounted by two hands
clasped, of gold, within a wreath of hairwork and sprays studded with seed pearls.
It was given by Cotter O'Brien to the granduncle of its present owner, who resided
in Bristol, and who knew Cotter as a Kinsale man.
A Medal of the Irish Volunteers.
The accompanying illustrations, which are drawn the exact size of the original, have
in the field of the obverse a Volunteer, fully accoutred and armed, at attention, and
around the edge the motto " A Parliamentary reform or else." Upon the reverse
beneath the loop is the date " 10th October," and filling the corresponding space
below " 1784." Within its beaded circle, enclosed by a wreath of laurel, are the letters
" T. S." and over them "The reward of merit." Prior and up to 1782, the grievance
which the volunteers sought to redress by their unanimity, their great numbers, the
property which they represented, and their self-sacrifice and determination, were the
iniquitous trade restrictions that with iron hand gripped the vitals of the country,
paralyzing its energies and destroying its commerce. But in that memorable year,
owing altogether to the action of the patriots in the house, backed by the presence
and the bayonets of the Volunteers, a large measure of free trade was wrung from a
reluctant Parliament, and the Volunteers achieved a moral victory. Where they had
232 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY,
accomplished so much, they essayed to gain more, and strove with patriotic zeal to
introduce much-needed reforms into Parliament.
The debate on Flood's motion for leave to bring in his Reform Bill was angry,
excited, and stormy. Yelverton, the Attorney-General, opposed it in a bitter speech,
which Flood replied to :
" I have not introduced the Volunteers, but if they are aspersed I will defend their characters
against all the world. By whom were the commerce and the constitution of this country
recovered ? By the Volunteers ! Why did not the right honorable gentleman make a declination
against them when the}' lined our streets, when Parliament passed through the ranks of those
virtuous armed men to demand the rights of an insulted nation? Are the)- different men this
day, or is the right honorable gentleman different? lie was then one of their body, he is now
their accuser. He who saw the streets lined, who rejoiced, who partook in their glory, is now
their accuser. Are they Iess'ibrave, less wise, less ardent in their country's cause, or has their
admirable conduct maie him their enemy ? May they not say, we have not changed, but you have
changed. The right honorable gentleman cannot bear to hear of Volunteers, but I will ask him,
and I will have a 'a starling taught to hollow in his ear.' Who gave you free trade ? Who
made you a nation ? The Volunteers."
The threat conveyed in the legend upon this medal is similar to that used by a
Dublin regiment who labelled their gun " Free trade or this." This medal adds
another unique illustration to one of the most interesting and momentous periods of
Irish history. Its similarity in shape to the medal of the Limerick Volunteers is
suggestive, and might possibly point to its original ownership by some member of the
Volunteers of that city or neighbourhood. On the other hand the character of its art
work has more the appearance of having been made in either Belfast, Cork or Dublin ;
and the ring of its motto, as if it came from the former city where the Volunteer pulse
beat quicker than perhaps in any other part of the country. Who " T. S." was is so far a
riddle whicli must remain to be solved. It is disappointing that the name in full is not
on the medal or that of the troop or corps to which it belonged, but otherwise it
reminds us of reforms that were required, demanded, and refused, and of the Irish
Volunteers, who, having taken up arms to defend their country against foreign invasion,
never fulfilled the threat conveyed in the inscription or turned their guns upon the
representatives of the Crown, although their just demands were defeated and rejected,
Medal of the Irish Volunteers.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY.
233
and their memories insulted by unscrupulous placemen, when their power was broken,
and at an end.
African Fetishes.
The Rev. J. W. Hopkins sent for exhibition two pairs of brass figures, eleven inches
in length, linked at the head by a chain of ten inches. One pair represented the male
the other the female. They are very rude in workmanship. Those representing the
gentler sex have very hideous faces within a lozenge ; the body is simply a central
stem with five spirals at each side, passing through a second lozenge which, like its
fellow, forms a triangle at each side of the stem. The male figures are, if possible,
more ugly. Their head dress is a tiara ; two lovelocks grace the forehead : the jaws
are eminently prognathous, and something like a buckle with a central tongue hangs
from the chin. Unlike their companions, the male figures are represented with arms
akimbo in a kneeling position, with the legs attenuated and tucked under the thighs.
They thus sit upon a central stem corresponding with the others but more pointed.
These figures are used by the priests on the west coast of Africa as fetishes to terrify
the wretched natives and extort gifts. When a Fanti gets up in the morning and sees
a pair of these stuck into the ground before his hall door he will give up all his
property to the priest for their removal. These were taken at the capture of Jebu Ode,
in the colony of Lagos, West Coast of Africa, by Housas under the command of
Captain Tucker, in 1892, and were brought home by F. G. Hopkins, esq., m.b., assistant
colonial surgeon.
Rev. J. A. Dwyer, o.p., having been moved to the second chair,
Mr J. P. Dalton proposed a cordial vote of thanks to the President for the manner
in which he had filled the chair, and for his valuable exertions and service on behalf of
the Society.
Mr. Francis O'Shaughnessy, t.c, seconded the motion, which was passed with
applause.
Mr. Day having suitably replied, the proceedings terminated.
jNfotes and Queries.
LOCAL HISTORY, ANTIQUITIES, FOLK-LORE, Etc.
Contributed by Robert Day, F.S.A.: " Eikon Basilike "■ — John Terry, Linnen Draper —
Posies.
V. W. B: Old Dan.
/. F. Lynch: Daire Donn.
" Eikon. Basilike."— I have lately acquired what so far proves to be a unique copy
of the Eikon Basilike, being " The Pourtraicture of his Sacred Majesty in his Solitvdes
and Sufferings. Corck : Printed by Peter de Pienne, in the year of our Lord God 1649."
Wheniast in London I showed it to Dr. Garland and Mr. Scott, of the British Museum ;
also to Mr. Edward Almack, who has in the Press "A Bibliography of 'the King 's Book
or Eikon Basilike" in which this copy will appear, and be described by him with a
facsimile of its title page. It is the earliest printed Cork book that I have met with,
and is copied from the London edition of 1648. In this the frontespiece is a line
engraving ; in mine an impression from a wood block. The book is believed to have
234 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
been written by King Charles I. before his execution, immediately alter which it was
printed in London. Although rigidly suppressed by the Parliament, whose forces
broke into the printing house, destroyed the book and scattered the type — but as always
happens with persecution and intolerance, the persecuted increase in strength and
numbers, so it was with the Jiikou. Cork was then and for a while in the hands of
the Royalists, and there de Pienne printed his little book in safety and quiet, and its
scarcity may possibly be accounted for by the inroad of Cromwell's (') soldiers, to whom
it was as "the accursed thing." If any member of our Society can throw any light
upon this early printer I will feel extremely obliged.
"John Terry, Linnen Draper. -At the Sign of the SPINNING WHEEL, at
the End of Cockpit-Lane, CORKE, is lately come from DUBLIN, and has supplyed
himself with great Choice of the undernamed Goods, which he is determined to sell at
the lowest Profit for the Ehcouragement of ready money.
Irish Hollands. Widow's Aprons, Silk and Crape.
Middl'ng and low priced Linnens. Double and single Modes.
Diapers of all Breadths. Black Laces.
Figured, striped, and plain Fustians. Silver and plain Ribbands.
Cambrickand Lawns, both thick and thin. Ivory and Cocoa Fanns.
Strip'd and plain Muslins. Ivory and Box Combs.
Pencil'd and stamp'd Cottons. Shoe Braids, Gullooms and Ferrits.
Stamp'd Linnens. Tabbies of Sundry colours.
Cherry Derry's and Chequer Linnens. Calicoes.
Bed and Pillow Tickens. Silk, Cambrick, Muslin, Cotton and Linnen
Shoe and breeched ditto. Handkerchiefs.
Thread and Worsted Stockings of all Sorts. Grazed Linnens.
Sewing and spun Silks of all Colours. Congoe, Imperial, plain Bohea and Green
Dutch Tapes and threads. Teas.
English Sea Suckers for Ladies Gowns. Dutch Whale Bone.
Choice of black Velvets. And All sorts of Trimmings for Stay
Black Paduasoy. Makers.
WITH SUNDRY OTHER SORTS OF GOODS.
The above advertisement is headed with a very primitive wood-block spinning wheel
It has written in the upper angle, "A Rec1- from Jno. Terry ior ^4.7. 11, pl- of the
Funeral Expenses of Mrs. Margt- Barry," and written upon the back are the items that
make up that amount : —
"1744. The Execute- of Mrs. Margt- Barry,
Jany. 17th, To John Terry, Dr.
To 7 yds. Linnen, @ 4/- . . . . . ^1.8.0
To 395 yds. Cyppress, @ 1/1 . . . . . . 2 . 2 . 95
To 26i yds, Ribband, @ 3d. . . . . . . — 6 . 7^
To 7 pr. of black Kid Gloves, (aj 1/6 . . . . — 10 . 6
£4- 7 - 11
Reed- the contents by the hands of Wm- Hassett, Esq1'-, in full to this
29th March, 1745. Jorm Terry."
The original is in the possession of his honour the Recorder of Cork.
(1) Cromwell landed in Dublin August 14th, 1649.
NOTES AND QUERIES.
235
" Posies." — During a recent visit to Kinsale a lady showed me a gold posey ring
that was ploughed up at the Old Fort. It had in early seventeenth century inscription :
" In everi grefe loue yealdes relefe."
Robert Day.
Old Dan. — The veteran huntsman Daniel Callaghan, known as " Old Dan," was
born in 1763 at Ballyclough, near Mallow, He went into service at the age of fourteen,
and was kennel boy to Lord Lisle for two years, and whip for four years. He was
then appointed huntsman to Lord Lisle's nephew, Mr. Lysaght, whose hounds he
hunted for seven years, and then carried the horn for eight years for Mr. Hugh
Norcott, who kept hounds at his residence, Ballybeg, near Cahirmee. His next
Old Dan.
master was Mr. Hedges Eyre, of Macroom Castle, whose hounds he hunted for nine
seasons, before he entered the service of Mr. Power, of Clonmult, whose pack he
hunted for thirty-seven seasons. He filled a similar post for four years to Mr. Boles,
of Springfield, and for fifteen years he lived with his last master, Mr. Thomas Keane,
of Shanagarry. He acted as huntsman to Mr. Keane for some years, and up to the
age of 100 rode and trained horses for him, after which he went to reside near Clon-
mult, where he died in 1874, aged 111 years. In 1868 her Majesty the Queen was
graciously pleased to accept his photograph, and sent him a gratuity of ^5. Poor
Dan ! he was a first-rate horseman and won several steeplechases. There was no
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
better man to hounds, but a very jealous rider. He used to walk from where lie lived
to Springfield (over six miles distant and back) in the day, up to within three or four
years of his death. Vide Irish Sports and Sportsmen^ by Fitzpatrick.
V. W. B.
Daire Donn.- This legend of the monarch of the world has not escaped the
attention of our Gaelic kindred in Scotland. They have changed Daire Donn into
Alexander, and the only country which he could not subdue was of course "dear old
Scotland." Sir Walter Scott, in his Appendix to Marmion, epiotes the following old
traditional rhyme which he heard in his boyhood : —
41 Alexander, king of Macedon,
Who conquered all the world but Scotland alone ;
When he came to Scotland his courage grew cold,
To see a little nation courageous and bold."
Sir Walter, who was an antiquary as well as poet, in his Appendix to Hie Lord of the
Isles, referring to a huge upright pillar near Dunolly castle, Oban, states, "it is called
Clach na Cau, or the ' dog's pillar,' because Fingal is said to have used it as a stake
to which he bound his celebrated dog Bran." The mountain ash {Pyrns ancuparid) —
Hebrew, oren (Isaiah xliv. 14); Irish, caei'thainn — witchen, wiggan, quicken, or rowan
tree, was a sacred tree. Homer says that the amazons formed their spears from this
tree, and it was also planted before houses in the highlands of Scotland to avert the
" evil eye." Sowerby, in his Botany, says, " In ancient days the mountain ash was
invested with peculiar charms, and we find many of them growing in the neighbour-
hood of druidical remains." Regard for this tree has extended to our own time. The
sweet lines of the Baroness Nairne will be familiar —
" O rowan tree ! O rowan tree ! thou'lt aye be dear to me,
Entwined thou art with many ties of hame and infancy ;
Thy leaves were aye the first of spring, thy flowers the summer's pride ;
There was not such a bonnie tree in all the country side.
O rowan tree ! "
J. F. Lynch.
Original pocurrients.
5n0ci* Gestamentovum oltm in IRegistro Covcagia;.
Supplementary Index to Wills, 1802 to 1833.
{See Note p. 479, No. 10, Vol. i., Second Series).
Fifth Book
No.
Name.
Page.
559
Beamish, Francis
522
560
Barry, John, of St. John's, county Cork
• • 531
561
Barter, Richard, of Cooldaniel
.. 536
562
Bennett, James N., of the city of Corke
.. 537
563
Bagley, Richard, of Clonakilty
.. 542
564
Burke, Bridget, of Bandon
604
565
Barry, John, of Passage, shipwright
.. 617
INDEX TESTAMENTORUM OLIM IN REGISTRO CORCAGLE. 237
Fifth Book
No. Name. Page.
566 Beek, Francis, of Bandon, tobacconist . . . . . . 625
567 Buckley, James, of Ballinard . . . . . . . . 363
568 Bastable, Charles, of Cork, gent. . . . . . . . . 367
569 Beamish, Francis, of Carrigree, gent. . . . . . . . . 370
570 Behan, Timothy, of Cork . . . . . . . . . . 374
571 Barrett, Thomas, of Blarney Lane .. .. .. .. 375
572 Bird, John, sen., of Bantry . . . . . . . . . . 378
573 Bulkley, John, of Cork, schoolmaster .. .. .. 388
574 Bohan, Julian, als. Keeffe . . . . . . . . 392
575 Barter, Joseph, of Myrtle Hill . . . . . . 395
576 Blake, Catherine, of Blarney Lane, widow . . . . . . 400
577 Ball, James, of Cork, porter brewer . . . . . . 516
578 Bullen, Walter, of Cork, clothier . . . . . . 585
579 Barry, Ellen, of Mehane, widow .. .. .. .. 589
580 Barry, John, of Blackpool, garter weaver .. .. .. 593
581 Burke, Bridget, of Bandon, widowe . . . . . . . . 604
582 Baldwin, John, of Aghadown, esq. . . . . . . . . 645
5S3 Bryan, Thomas, of Fryar's Walk . . . . . . „ . 647
584 Bitchiner, Francis, of Clonakilty, yeoman . . . . . . 652
585 Bannan, Patrick, of Cork, smith . . . . . . . . 666
586 Bastable, John Hutchins, of Cork . . . . . . . . 676
587 Barrett, William, of Cork, gent. . . . . . . . . 692
588 Barrett, Stephen, of Spike Island . . . . . . . . 693
589 Barry, James . . . . . . . . . . . . 703
590 Burne, Mary, of Cork, widow . . . . . . . . 709
591 Blakeney, Robert, of Bridge Town .. .. .. .. 743
592 Barry, Elizabeth, of Bandon, widow . . . . . . 748
593 Beamish, Rev. John, of Berehaven, elk. .. .. .. 781
594 Barry, Edmond, of Clogheen, mason . . . . , . 805
595 Burke, Robert, of Cork, merchant . . . . . . . . 812
596 Barry, Richard, of Warren's Lane, tanner .. . , ., 821
597 Busteed, Thomas, of Ballinrea . . . . . . . . 835
598 Baldwin, Abrm. Morris, lieut. . . . . . . . . 837
599 Bull, John, of Bandon, clothier . . . . . . . . 842
600 Byrne, Michael, of Cork, pawnbroker . . . . . . 850
601 Bridges, Robert, of city of Cork . . . . . . . . 857
602 Baldwin, Thomas, of Mardyke, esq. . . . . . . . . 858
603 Breton, Elizabeth, of Cork, spinster .. .. .. ..871
604 Bourke, Daniel, of Drimoleague .. .. .. .. 886
605 Bentley, William, of Cork, gent. . . . . . . . . 890
606 Butterfield, Elizabeth, of Cork, widow „ . . . . . 825
Sixth Book
No. Name. Page.
607 Bernard, John, of Cork, gent. . . . . . . . . 8
608 Bain, James, sergt. 79th Regt. . . . . . . . . 12
609 Begley, John, of Cork, linen draper . . . . . . . . 13
610 Baker, Jonas, of Innishannon, co. Cork . . . . . . 22
611 Bennett, George, of Bandon, shopkeeper .. .. .. 45
612 Busteed, Thomas, of Cork, smith . . . . . . . . 51
2 38 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Sixth Hook-
No. Namb. Paob.
61 3 Bull, William, of Bandon, weaver . . . . . . . . 58
614 Bayley, Judith, of Clonakilty, spinster .. .. .. 80
615 Blackburn, Henry, of York Hospital, gent. .. .. .. 107
616 Baily, Henry, of Cork, distiller .. .. .. .. 147
617 Bennett, Mary, of Bandon, widow . . . . . . . . 148
618 Bagley, Elizabeth, of Clonakilty, spinster .. .. .. 152
619 Bussy, Mary, of Cork . . . . . . . . 158
620 Barry, William, of Cork, capt. 105th Regt. . . . . . . 164
621 Browne, Elizabeth, of Bandon, widow .. .. ., 167
622 Bacon, John Thomas, of Rathpeacon, gent. . . . . . . 178
623 Ballard, John, of Hamstead, gent. . . . . . . . . 190
624 Buckmaster, P^lizabeth, of Ballintemple .. .. .. 195
625 Baldwin, Henry, of Castle Townsend . . . . . . 207
626 Bernard, Ann, of Bandon, spinster . . . . . . . . 286
627 Baldwin, John . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
628 Byrne, John, of Elm View, gent. . . . . . . . . 297
629 Baylie, Susanna, of Cork, widow . . . . . . . . 304
630 Barrett, Edmond, of Cork, spirit mercht. . . t . . . 313
631 Busteed, William, of Dundanion, gent. .. .. .. 418
632 Ballard Ann, widow . . . . . . . . ... 446
633 Blanch, Christian .. .. .. .. ..451
634 Broderick, Elizabeth . . . . . . . . . . 452
635 Beek, John, of Bandon, shopkeeper . . . . . . . . 470
636 Blair, Honora, of Bantry . . . . . . . . . . 499
637 Belcher, William, of Bandon, apothecary . . . . . . 500
638 Bullen, Catherine, of Cork, widow . . . . . . . . 516
639 Black, Elizabeth, of Cork, widow . . . . . . . . 518
640 Buller, Thomas, of Kinsale, esq. . . . . . . . . 522
641 Bentley, Mary, of Cork, spinster . . . . . . . . 523
642 Beamish, Mary, of Hare Hills '. . . . . . . . 528
643 Barry, David, of Cork . . . . . . . . . . 533
644 Beamish, Pricilla, of Cork, widow . . . . . . . . 543
645 Bury, Charles, of City of Cork . . . . . . . . 545
646 Barron, James, of Ballinadee . . . . . . . . 549
647 Barry, John, of Cork, builder . . . . . . . . 556
648 Bleach, Ann, of Cork, spinster . . . . . . . . 561
649 Bennett, Andrew, of Skull . . . . . . . . 570
650 Brown, Patk. Ronayne, esq. . . . . . . . . 581
651 Breton, George, of Cork, gent. .. .. .. .. 594
652 Beecher, Richard, of Holybrook, esq. . . . . . . 624
653 Beecher, John, of Holybrook, esq. . . . . . . . . 627
654 Baldwin, Hannah, of Bandon . . . . . . . . 642
655 Bennett, Mary, of Cork . . . . . . . . 656
656 Beecher, Michael, of Hollybrook, esq. . . . . . . 665
657 Bagley, Will. Morris, of Clonakilty, esq. . . . . . . 690
658 Barry, John Milner, m.d., Cork . . . . . . . . 698
659 Bernard, Charlotte, of Cork, widow . . . . . . . . 708
660 Birch, John, of Knockbrogan . . . . . . . . 712
661 Barry, Michael, of Carrigtwohill .. .. .. .. 714
INDEX TESTAMENTORUM OLIM IN REGISTRO CORCAGI^E. 239
Sixth Book
No. Name. Page.
662 Barter, Sarah, of city of Cork . . . . . . . . 7X3
663 Bennett, Michael, of Brookfield, co. Cork . . . . . . 725
664 Barry, Mary, of Cork, widow . . . . . . . . 753
665 Barry, Francis Millner . . . . , . . . . . 777
No. Name. Year.
1 Creagh, John, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1606
2 Carty, Finnyne McDonnell . . . . . . . . 1610
3 Collman, David fz.Richard, of Cork . . . . . . . . 1614
4 Cooke, Robert, of Bandon . . . . . . . . 1616
5 Cory, Culbert , . . . . . . . . . . . 1618
6 Conway, Richard . . . . . . . . . . 161 8
7 Carty, Daniel Phelemy
8 Carthy, Ellyne . . . . . . . . . . . . 1619
9 Cleere, Joseph, of parish of Ballymoddan . . . . . . 1619
10 Clayton, William, of Cloghnakilty . . . . . . . . 1619
11 Coppinger, Adam fitzRobert, of Corke . . . . . . 1620
12 6 Coghlan, Donell, of Crookehaven .. .. .. .. 1620
13 Clothier, Michael .. .. ,. .. .. 1621
14 Cole, William, of Ross .. .. .. .. .. 1621
15 Carty, Dermon McFinine McConohor . . . . . . 1623
16 [Not legible], Roche (qy.) John . . . . . . . . 1624
17 Clawnders, Robert . . . . . . . , . . 1626
18 Mc Carthy, Finine McDonogh .. .. .. .. 1627
19 Carty, Owen McCormuck . . . . . . . . . . 1629
20 Colgon, Robert, of Carigoline .. .. .. .. 1629
21 Carty, Phylimy McTeige . . . . . . . . . . 1629
22 Cleary, John, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1630
23 Cullane, Thadey . . . . . . . . . . 1630
24 Carty, Donnogh McDermod, of Hacketstown . . . . . . 1630
25 Courte, John, of Old Castletown .. .. .. .. 1634
26 Collmanne, John, of Corke .. .. .. .. 1634
27 Crooke, Sr. Samuel, of Bultannery . . . . . . . . 1635
28 Coppinger, James fitzWalter, of Corke .. .. .. 1635
29 Corsley, John . . . . . . . . . . . . 1636
30 Cronyne, Margery, als. White . . . . . . . . 1636
31 Coppinger, Joane, of Youghall . '. .. .. 1637
32 Couche, John, of Downderrow . . . . . . . . 1638
33 Clayton, Randal, of St. Dominick's Abby . . . . . . 1638
34 Collman, William, of Kinsale . . . . . . . . 1638
35 Cleere, John, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1638
36 Coppinger, John, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 1638
37 Collins, John, of Bandon . . . . . . . . . . 1638
38 Cuffe, Henry, of Carrigoline . . . . . . . . 1638
39 Couleshey, George, of Carrigoline .. .. .. .. 1638
40 Carty, Cormuck Oge McPhilim . . . . . . . . 1639
41 Clavellshey, Richard . . . . . . . . . . 1639
42 Carthy, Charles McTeige, of Ballea . . . . . . . . 1640
43 Crowley, Donogh, als. Tolan .. .. .. .. 1641
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL
SOCIETY.
No. Namii, Ykak.
44 Collman, John, of Corkc .. .. .. 1642
45 Coppinger, John, knt, . . . . . . . . . . 1642
46 Clapp, Peter, St. Mary Shandon . . . . . . . . 1642
47 Condon, John .. .. .. .. ,, 1643
48 Coppinger, Dominick, of Corke .. .. .. ..1643
49 Cozens, Richard, of Kinsale .. , , .. .. 1646
50 Crispe, William, mariner . . . . . . . . . , 1646
51 Crofts, William .. .. .. ., .. 1648
52 Carty, Darby fitzjohn .. .. .. .. .. 1648
53 Creagh, Patrick, of Kilroan . . .. .. .. .. 1648
54 Croaker, Hugh, of Ballyanker .. .. .. .. 1650
55 Cox, Robert, of Youghall .. .. .. .. 1650
56 Cox, Capt. Richd. . . . . . . . . . . 1650
57 Calvert, Charles, of Corke . . . . . . . . . . 165 1
58 Courcy, Edmund, of Kinsale .. .. .. .. 165 1
59 Colby, Lieut. John .. .. .. .. .. 165 1
60 Cloystom, Thomas, of Kinnikilly .. .. .. .. 1652
61 Connell, Catherine, of Drumdowne . . . . . . . . 1652
62 Cuffe, Maurice, mercht. . . . . . . . . . . 1652
63 Courtney, William, of Newcastle . . . . . . . . 1652
64 Carley, William, of St. Christophers .. ., .. 1652
65 Cozens, Margery, of Shandon parish .. .. .. 1652
66 Chudleigh, John, of Kinsale .. .. .. .. 1653
67 Cosens, Richard, of Kinsale . . . . . . . . 1661
68 Cotter, Edmund, of Ballinsperry . . . . . . . . 1661
69 Cordugan, Lieut. Jenkin, of Kinsale . . . . . . 1661
70 Carty, Cormack McDaniel . . . . . . . . . . 1661
71 Caldwell, Charles .. .. .. .. .. 1661
72 Caudy, James, of Buttevant . . . . . . . . 1662
73 Canty, Cnoghor, of Kilruscary . . . . . . . . 1662
74 Carthy, Donogh Reagh . . . . . . . . . . 1663
75 Cox, Jasper, of Youghall .. .. .. .. .. 1663
76 Courcy, Patrick Lord, baron of Kinsale . . . . . . 1664
77 Clarke, Corpl. Thomas . . . . . . . . . . 1664
78 Conohane, Teige, of Corke . . . . . . . . 1664
79 Comes, Charles, of Desertserges .. .. .. .. 1664
80 Canty, Dennis . . . . . . . . . . . . 1664
81 Conupis, John, of Kilvokry . . . . . . . . 1666
82 Coppinger, Joanna, widow . . . . . . . . 1666
83 Creagh, William, of Ballyheaxon .. .. .. .. 1666
84 Coppinger, James . . . . . . . . . . 1666
85 Cappoucke, Christopher, of Corke . . . . . . . . 1666
86 Courcy, John Lord, baron of Kinsale . . . . . . 1667
87 Champion, William, of Corke . . . . . . . . 1668
88 Child, Robert, of Bandon . . . . . . . . . . 1668
89 Cross, Edward, of Bandon . . . . . . . . . . 1668
90 Coppinger, Dame Cathe. . . . . . . . . . . 1668
91 Carthy, Charles McOwen . . . . . . . . . . 1669
(To be continued.)
Second Series. — Vol. II., No. 18.]
[June, 1896.
JOURNAL
OF THE
Cork Historical & Arch^ological
Society.
jMuskerry Yeomanry, Co. Cork, ar\d their Gn\es.
Part II. 1823- 1827, and 1843-4.
Chiefly from the Orderly Book preserved in the Warrens Court Family.
By HERBERT WEBB GILLMAN, B.L., Vice-President.
[Preface. — This part of the history of the corps is derived partly from tradition
and narrations of several country gentlemen, but principally from the " Orderly Book
of the Muskerry Association," kindly lent to this Society, through the writer, by Sir
Augustus Riversdale Warren, bart., of Warrens Court, whose grandfather commanded
the corps when first raised in 1796 and onwards till disbandment, and whose uncle
commanded it when re-embodied in 1822, and also those who associated themselves
in 1843-4, and offered their services to Government. Sir Augustus himself was the
medium of a similar offer in the Fenian period of 1866-7. — H. W. G.]
^ year jg22^ anc| before it, the question of Catholic
emancipation, already a large one in England, had
become in Ireland the watchword of parties, and, like
every other political question in this country, had
assumed a national form, and was leading to a division
of races. Both the Protestant Orange lodges and
the Roman Catholic associations of White Boys had
again sprung into existence. In this crisis Lord Wellesley, a favourer
of the Catholic claims, was made Lord Lieutenant, but the hopes raised
by his appointment were disappointed. In the midst of wild excitement
of both parties he attempted to carry out an impartial policy, and failed.
242 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
By the Insurrection Act and the suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act
he w as enabled to establish something like martial law, and thereby
cheeked the secret societies and lessened crime, and thus earned the
dislike of extreme Catholics ; while, at the same time, by the restraint
he put on Orange societies and demonstrations he roused extreme
Protestants to fury. Thus Ireland was once more torn by a war of
parties of differing religions.
It was under these circumstances that the Muskerry Yeomanry
(cavalry) were again embodied. The Orderly Book of the corps affords
details as to the regulations and personnel of this body of men, the gentry
of East and West Muskerry. Tradition tells that they obtained their
uniforms and arms — sword, carbine and pistol — from a regiment of
Carbineers then in Cork. A picture of the arms is shown opposite.
Of the uniform no trace has been preserved in the baronies so far as
has been ascertained.
The Orderly Book is headed " Orderly Book of the Muskerry
Association," and contains written pages 33 to 61, the pages 1 to 32
being absent, the book having been apparently previously used for some
other purpose. Reversing the book, pages 116 to 121 are written on ;
pages 62 to 115 are blank. The pages measure 15 x 9^ inches. On
the inside of the cover is written, partly in the handwriting of Sergeant
William Busteed, and partly in that of another, the " names of the Mus-
kerry Cavalry," which include several of those of the members serving in
the corps before its being previously disbanded, and many who joined
afterwards. The captain is here entered as Sir Augustus Warren, bart,
— he had succeeded to the baronetcy ; the 1st lieutenant is still Samuel
Swete. Many names are elided and the word ' dead* written after them,
but from internal evidence this list appears to have been written at
various dates ; for example, a member, Henry Lindsay, is noted as "gone
into the army," but he is known to have fought in the Peninsular war,
and to have been wounded at Salamanca in 18 12, after which he had to
leave the army ; and, again, two sons of one who was in the corps in
1799 and was dead in 1822, are noted as " retired," though they were not
themselves enrolled till 1822. This list, therefore, is not of any fixed
period, and is rendered useless by fuller lists shown in the book. Then
follow the
Orders and Regulations to be observed by the Muskerry Association
in Lcemount Barracks.
Ordered — That a Guard of two men be put on duty at ten o'clock every morning,
and not be relieved until ten next morning.
That they always appear in full uniform. That they do not, on any pretence
whatever, go to bed or quit their Guard, and that during the day one of the Guard be
placed as Centinel outside the Hall door.
MUSKERRY YEOMANRY AND THEIR TIMES.
243
That all Arms be excluded from the Mess Room, except four carabines for the use
of the Guard.
That no man leave the Barrack either in the day time or night without Permission
of the Commanding Officer, and any Member so absenting himself shall be fined
Half-a-Crown.
That all fines be paid to the Secretary, to be applied by him to the use of the
Mess Fund.
That the Guard for night duty get their supper, one Pint of Beer and two Glasses
spirits to make Punch, each man, and that Corporal GollockCOis ordered not on any
account to exceed the above allowance.
That each man when put on Guard receives ten Rounds of Ball Cartridge, and that
he is held accountable for the same to the corporal when relieved from duty.
i
Arms used by the Muskerry Cavalry in 1822.
(From originals in the possession of Sir Ang. R. Warren, hart., and Capt. F. W. Woodley)
Sword-blade — 35in. long, tapering from il/2 to 1% inches.
Carbine — Flint lock, swivel ramrod, 12 bore, barrel 15%" inch.
Pistol — Flint lock, swivel ramrod, 12 bore, barrel 8% inch.
The following Mode of Challenging Patrols by Night was received from Captain
McNamara, of the Rifle Brigade stationed at Firmount, O) by Lieutenant Coppinger,
Monday, nth February, 1822: —
1st Question — Halt, who comes there ?
2nd Answer— Patrol or Picquet.
3rd — Advance one and account for yourself. If the whole persist in advancing, the
Sentry or advance file crys out — Halt the remainder or I will fire.
(0 Notwithstanding the ambiguity of this order, it appears not to imply an estoppel
on the corporal personally.
(2) Firmount, near Macroom, one of the points held by Military at this time.
244 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII/ROLOGICAL SOCIETY.
The corps at the same time made rules for the members' mess, and
it may be seen that they provided pretty well for internal as well as
external warmth : —
Rules and Regulations to be observed by the Mess of the Mv skerry Association.
First - That each member coming into Barrack deposits one Guinea with the
Secretary, and sends into Barrack one Gallon of Whiskey, two cribs of Turf or one
barrel of Coal.
Secondly — That any member inviting a stranger to dine at the Mess pays to the
Secretary the sum of two shillings and sixpence, and that no member be permitted to
invite more than two strangers in one day without giving a day's previous notice to
the Secretary under a Penalty of five shillings, to be paid as above for each stranger.
Thirdly — Any member breaking any article belonging to the Mess shall pay into the
hands of the Secretary double the value thereof.
Fourthly — That every member of the Corps not in Barrack and coming in to take his
turn of duty pays into the hands of the Secretary the sum of three shillings and four
pence for his dinner and breakfast.
Fifthly — That the President and Vice-President of the day shall be the two members
next for Guard on the following day.
Sixtly — All Bets made in the Mess Room — the sum to be placed in the hands of
the Secretary and to be applied by him for the Benefit of the Mess in whatever way the
majority of the members then present shall think proper.
The country at this time cannot have been a pleasant place for an
unprotected female to reside in. As a rule ladies and children left their
abodes and took refuge in defensible houses, or in Cork or Macroom ;
smaller houses were abandoned to the care of servants,- who generally
fulfilled the trust as well as they could ; in the larger houses gentlemen
joined together, and made them defensible by building up the windows,
etc., and were in some cases assisted by small parties of soldiers. At
Warren's Court there was stationed a company of the Rifle Brigade
under a Captain Cochrane ; and at Dripsey Castle (Carrignamuck) were
two companies of soldiers under a Captain Gascoigne ; the soldiers lived
in the old castle, the officers in the adjoining residence. Ryemount had
its windows bricked up and loopholed, and was held by John Borlace
Warren (afterwards baronet), Rev. Somers Payne (father of the clergy-
man of the same name, still living, and then in the garrison), and Massey
Warren and two soldiers ; the Dowager Lady Warren and her daughter,
and Rev. S. Payne's wife and children remained in the house ; they sat
down to meals with their carbines loaded and within hand reach. This
residence was not attacked, though the horns of the White Boys were
often heard around them. Rye Court was defended by the inmates
aided by a corporal and four soldiers. The gentry of the country were
nearly all in the cavalry corps, taking their turns of duty as required.
When news would come of a party of White Boys being " out " at any
spot, the cavalry would ride out and disperse them, which was generally
MUSKERRY YEOMANRY AND THEIR TIMES.
245
effected by their mere presence ; and a story is told that on an excursion
of this kind through Aghabullogue parish, the corps actually passed by
the White Boys who hid behind the fence of the road. In other respects,
from what is still told in the country, the work done by the corps seems
to have been much of the same kind as described in the previous part
of this paper, except that at one place they took part in a small battle
with a body of insurgents. This took place in 1822, soon after the
embodiment of the corps was completed. The scene of action was
Carriganimy, in the parish of Clondrohid — a hilly district still retaining
many remarkable cromlechs, pillar-stones, cahirs and other ancient
remains. The hills there are said — in the usual country phrase — to have
been " black with people," armed with scythes, pikes, and many muskets.
This body was attacked by several companies of the Rifle Brigade,
supported by the Muskerry Cavalry. The insurgents stood their ground
well, the musketeers pouring in their fireon their assailants. The Rifles
on receiving this fire lay down as skirmishers, and the insurgents believ-
ing these to have been slain, rushed on them, but were met by a fire
from the riflemen which quite demoralised them, and they broke and
fled. They were pursued by the cavalry, and many prisoners were taken,
of whom nine were afterwards hanged. Greenville House, the residence
of the Swete family was attacked ; it was defended by several of the
Muskerry gentlemen, who had placed their families there for security
and took their turn of duty as garrison of the place ; the assailants were
beaten off with loss, to which, tradition says, the good shooting of a
member of the corps, Abraham Good, made a large contribution. The
attack lasted for some hours ; and when the leaden bullets of the de-
fenders were exhausted, the silver spoons and forks were melted down
and bullets cast therefrom. It is said that, notwithstanding the rigour
of the times, the families in leaguer at Greenville managed to enjoy
themselves very pleasantly there.
The first part of the month of February, 1822, was spent in getting
together the surviving members of the old corps, several of whom received
carbines and twenty rounds of ball cartridge from Sir Augustus Warren
directly. The enrolling of members then proceeded cautiously, thus : —
At a meeting of the Muskerry Cavalry Corps, held at Leemount (3) Barracks, on
Monday, 25th February, 1822 : —
John Pyne, esq., proposed J. Tonson Rye, esq., to be Cornet in this Corps. He
was elected unanimously.
It was Resolved that in future any Gentleman who wishes to become a member of
this Corps, must undergo a Ballot. He must be proposed by one member of the Corps
and seconded by another, and that three clear days shall elapse between the days of
(3) Half mile south of Coachford village, residence of the Gollock family
246
CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
proposing and ballotting, and one black bean in seven excludes
a ballot to consist of seventeen members.
The number to form
The following new members were balloted for and admitted between
this date and the 6th March, namely :—
New Members.
Daniel Connor, of Manch,
Robert White, of Macroom Castle,
John Williams, sen., )
John Williams, jun., and >
Peter Williams, )
St. George Browne and |
Son John, of Rockboro, \
John Barter, of Cooldaniel,
Herbert and Webb Gillman, j
of Lakefield (sons of I
deceased member), )
Nich. Kirby, of Carhue,
Ambrose Hickey, of Monagh,
And at a later date-
Rich. Ashe, of Ashegrove,
Henry Ashe, of Macroom,
Pkoi-osek.
Sir Aug. Warren, Capt.
Do.
[Not stated].
Tho. Lindsay,
Wm. Busteed,
Do.
Charles Colthurst,
Benj. Swete,
Tho. Lindsay,
Sergeant R. Ashe,
Secondek.
Sergt- Busteed.
John Pyne.
Rich. B. Crooke.
Lewis Gollock.
Do.
J, R. Coppinger.
B. Drew.
John Warren.
Edw. Ashe.
Then follows a list of the members (who generally sign the book)
" of the Muskerry Association," who acknowledge to have received from
Captain Sir Augustus Warren the following articles : — viz., One short
carbine with swivel ramrod, one pistol with carbine bore, twenty rounds
of ball cartridge, four flints, one straight sword and scabbard, one sword
belt for waist, one black cavalry pouch, one shoulder belt with swivel,
" and for which we promise to be accountable to him," 22nd March,
1822. — Leemount Barracks.
The recipients were : —
Edw. Ashe
St. George Browne (note, given back)
Phillip Cross
Thos. Gollock
John Bowen
J. Rye Coppinger
Wm. B. Crooke
H. J. Lindsay
J. E. Galwey
R. B. Crooke
Nich. Kirby
J. G. Woodley
Somers Payne
B. Swete
John Williams, jun.
H. Cross
Lewis Gollock
Browning Drew
R. N. Nettles
Wm. Busteed
John Tonson Rye
Thos. Lindsay
R. H. White
H. H. Good
Thos. E. Crooke
John W. Carey
John B. Warren
John Williams, sen.
John Williams, jun.
Peter Williams
Robt. Hedges
Charles Colthurst
Herbert Gillman
Webb Gillman
MUSKERRY YEOMANRY AND THEIR TIMES.
247
George Rye (a carbine)
Somers Payne (a second pistol)
Thos. Coppinger
Abraham Good
Thos. Gollock
Edw. Hayes Good
John M. Brooke
Thos. A. Browne
John Barter
Richd. Ashe
Henry Ashe
Richard Ashe
John Pyne
Thom. S. Good
M. H. Warren
W. Furlong
Twenty-seven members received helmets on 2nd April, 1822, for
which each paid the sum of ,£1 6s. 66., and sixteen received " buckets"
for supporting the carbine on horseback. The others were already-
provided. Among these are found the following additional names of
members of the corps : — viz., Robt. Hedges Eyre, Henry Good, and
Saml. Swete. A roll of the members' attendance at parade from April,
1822, to May, 1823, which follows the above lists, furnishes some names
of gentlemen not there recorded, these are Thos. Gollock, of Elmglen ;
Francis Woodley, Thos. Radley, Daniel Connor, James Gollock, and
John Orpen, besides the captain and cornet. The corps, therefore, in
1822, consisted of sixty-one(4) gentlemen of Muskerry, of whom Sir
Augustus Warren, bart, was captain ; Samuel Swete, 1st lieutenant ;
John Rye, cornet ; Wm. Busteed and Richard Ashe, sergeants, and
Lewis Gollock and John Warren, corporals.
The parade roll shows that there were some members who did not
attend regularly, which fact led to the passing of the following rule in
1822 : —
Ordered that Wednesday be appointed for the weekly Parade day of the Corps, and
that the Members appear in full marching order, and that any person appearing on
Parade otherwise be considered as absent.
Ordered that a fine for absence from Parade be imposed, and be in the following
proportions :— On every Officer so absent a fine of ten shillings ; on every Non-Com-
missioned Officer, a crown ; on every Private, a fine of two ten-pennies. All fines to
be placed to the credit of the Corps.
Towards the close of the year the corps was inspected.
On Sunday, the 21st of October, the Corps were Inspected by Major-General Sir
John Lombert.CO on Crookstown Lawn, and, after a most minute Inspection and making
them go through several evolutions, the General was pleased to express his satisfaction
at the equipment, appearance, and Discipline of the Corps.
There is nothing further beyond the parade roll recorded in the
Orderly Book in 1822. In the next year the absences from parade and
appearances there out of uniform continued to give trouble. To check
this an order was made, 4th July, 1823, that a letter be written to such
(4) See infra for additional members who joined in 1823.
(s) So in the book, but the General's name was Lambert.
248 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
members as habitually absent themselves from parade, and intimating
that " absence from four successive monthly parades would be considered
by the corps as a forfeiture of their rights as members of the corps, and
that in such event they must subject themselves to a new ballot." And
it was directed that the resolutions in the order book be read to the
corps at the next monthly parade. On the motion of John Warren,
seconded by Thomas Lindsay, it was further ordered that appearance at
parade out of uniform should be visited with an additional fine of one
shilling and eightpence, i.e. four tenpennies instead of two. These rules,
however, appear to have displeased the corps or to have become unne-
cessary, for they were unanimously rescinded on 1st October in the
same year.
The following new members joined in 1823 : —
Member. Proposer. ' Seconder.
William Woodley, Wm. Busteed, Richard Crooke.
Patrick Browne, Mr. Payne, Mr. Lindsay.
John & Philip Ruby, Mr. Lindsay, Mr. Pyne.
thus increasing the strength of the corps to sixty-five.
On 25th November it was resolved " that the monthly attendance at
parade be dispensed with till spring." Doubtless the corps were too
busy otherwise in the winter, and it is evident, from the next resolution
appearing in the book, that weighty matters connected with the peace of
the district were discussed at the meetings, but no record of such in the
Orderly Book was made : —
Dec1-- 7th [1823], at a meeting of the Corps at Carrigadrohid, the following resolution
was unaiiimously ordered to be entered on the Corps Book : —
Resolved that it has come to our knowledge that certain proceedings of the Corps
at a meeting held at Carrigadrohid, on 1st October last, were divulged to one who,
according to regulations and the pledge of secrecy to which we are Bound, should not
have been made acquainted with them ; and it being our opinion that such could not
have transpired but through one of our members, we feel ourselves called upon to
express our high disapprobation of conduct so disgraceful to us as a Corps ; and parti-
cularly so to the individual who caused it, and whose name, were we acquainted with
it, should be expunged from the Muskerry Cavalry.
In 1823 the parades were monthly, the captain, lieutenant and cornet
the same as in 1822; the non-commissioned officers were " Sergeant-
Major Busteed, Sergeant Ashe, and Sergeant Gollock." No corporals
named.
From the date last mentioned till 1827 there is no entry of any kind
in the Orderly Book, the members were probably too hard at work prac-
tically. The first and only meeting recorded in 1827, as below quoted,
is also the last in the Orderly Book relating to this period. It was called
to elect some new members, to deal with some (now forgotten) disputes
MUSKERRY YEOMANRY AND THEIR TIMES. 249
between some members, and to address a letter to another member who
was in trouble about a duel in which he was engaged. The entry is as
follows : —
At a meeting of the Corps held at Carrigadrohid, on 12th March, 1827, for the pur-
pose of inquiring into certain charges, etc., and for any other Corps business that may
occur, the following Resolutions were entered into :—
Resolved — That all meetings independent of the Duty of the Corps are to be called
by Requisition signed by at least six of the members and sent to the Commanding
Officer for that purpose.
The following members (6) were proposed : —
Member. Proposer. Seconder.
Robert Nettles, Sergeant Gollock, John Warren.
Rev. John Mongan, Rd- Ashe of Ashegrove, Thos. Crooke.
Joseph Barter, Richard Ashe, John Barter.
John Good, Philip Cross, Henry Good.
John Warren, John B. Warren, Rd- Ashe, Sergeant.
Rev. Samuel Fairtclough, Richd. Crooke, John Pyne.
It was resolved that the following address be presented to Mr. Daniel Connor, one
of the members of the Muskerry Cavalry : —
" Sir,
We the undersigned Members of the Muskerry Cavalry, having seen in the
papers that you are about to take your trial at the Waterford Assizes for the alledged
homicide of Joseph Daunt, esq., cannot refrain from giving our unsolicited testimony
as to your peaceable disposition as well as to your character as a Gentleman and a
man of honour.
We feel, Sir, that we are authorised in so doing by your being a member of our
Corps for five years ; and from your having served with us in Barrack for nearly a
month — a place of all others most likely to try the disposition of a man.
You came amongst us as a stranger ; and, when you left us, you carried with you
the esteem and respect of the Corps.
Carrigadrohid, March 12th, 1827."
Signed by the Captain, Cornet, and Sergeants, and thirty-two
other members of the Corps.
The duel, in which Mr. Daunt was shot dead at the first fire, was one
which, it is said, need never have taken place, and, if a judicious friend
had turned up, the duel might have been easily prevented and the parties
reconciled. Mr. Connor was either acquitted or the prosecution was not
pressed.
The above entry is the last in the Orderly Book of the period 1822-27.
The corps was disbanded not long afterwards. Many stories are current
in Muskerry of doings of various members of the corps, practical jokes
and jovial nights in barracks, in which the whiskey, of which each member
had to bring in a gallon on coming into barracks, played a considerable
part. But the telling of the stories would not profit, and some would
require much tinsel paper to cover them properly.
(6) Thus raising the number in the corps to seventy-one.
250 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
In 1843-44, during the agitation for the Repeal of the Union led by
Daniel O'Connell, the corps was again called together by the captain,
Sir Augustus Warren. Thirty-five surviving gentlemen who had been
" members in 1821 and 1822 and in barrack" answered the call; and
sixty-five others soon joined, making one hundred in all. They were to
be divided into horse and foot, and to be called " The Muskerry Union
Yeomanry." Loyal addresses to the Queen and Lord Lieutenant were
forwarded by this body, which were very graciously received ; but the
corps was not actually re-embodied then.
Again in 1848, the services of the corps were offered to Goverment to
" aid with their lives and properties in maintaining the legislative union
between Great Britain and Ireland, and in resisting the seditious efforts
now made to destroy it." But the reply of the Lord Lieutenant was that
" it is not the intention of the Government to arm or place on permanent
duty the yeomanry corps throughout Ireland." The forces of the crown
were quite strong enough then without such corps to cope with the
troubles of that time.
Again in 1867, the present baronet, Sir Augustus R. Warren, proposed
to Government to embody the corps once more, but the Government then
also thought the step unnecessary.
Oe Old Cistercian )\bbeys ir\ the piocese of
Casket and €mly.
By REV. R. H. LONG,
HE Rule of St. Benedict, an Italian (a.d. 480-543), was
the first to enforce monastic celibacy. In a short time
after the founder's death the Benedictine order became
the great monastic system of continental Christendom.
At the close of the eleventh century the son of a
certain French nobleman being anxious to lead a life
of pious seclusion tried all the orders, but particularly
the Benedictine, that he thought might possibly suit his ideas, but none
satisfied him, and at length he founded a monastery himself, but even here
he found the tares of worldliness springing up, so with some twenty of
the strictest of his companions he went forth and founded another
monastery at Cistercium or Citeaux, near Dijon. The second abbot of
CISTERCIAN ABBEYS.
251
Cistercium wrote out the Rule of this new order, the third abbot, an
Englishman, found it necessary to reform it and enforce it with great
rigour. This rule was simply the old strict Benedictine rule with a few
additions suitable to the times. The monks were to eschew all pomp,
pride and superfluity ; paintings, sculpture and stained glass were
prohibited ; they were to eat but one meal per diem from September to
Easter ; to consider as poison food that gave pleasure to the appetite ;
Holy Cross Abbey.
to talk but little and to be constant in religious exercises night and day;
they should accept no gifts of churches, altars, or tithes, and were to
refrain from intermeddling with the pastoral office ; the lay or " bearded"
brethren attended to all secular affairs. Their abbeys should be planted
in lonely out-of-the-way places, with the full consent of the bishop of
the diocese, and were to be dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary, for
she it was who showed the second abbot the pattern of the white
dress the Order should wear. Such were the regulations of the Abbey
of Cistercium — the mother of all Cistercian abbeys ; her daughters
rapidly increased throughout Europe. St. Bernard joined the order
1 1 13 and gave it an immense stimulus, and to his influence with St.
Malachy we owe our first Irish Cistercian monastery of Mellifont in the
252 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
county Louth. W ithin less than a century Cistercian abbeys sprang up
in every diocese in Ireland. There were four founded in the two
dioceses of Cashel and Emly — Holy Cross, Kilcooley, Owney or
Abington, and I lore Abbey. Holy Cross probably got its first monks
from the Continent. Kilcooley was a daugJiter of Jcrpoint, county
Kilkenny; I lore Abbey of Mellifont; and Owney of Lovignac in France.
Holy Cross and Kilcooley were founded by King Donald O'Brien. The
following is a translation of his charter granted to the former house in
the year A.D. 1 182 : —
" Donald, by the grace of God King of Limerick, to all kings, dukes, earls, barons,
knights, and other Christians in whatever degree throughout Ireland, perpetual
greeting in Christ. Kn6w ye all good Christians that I have given, and by this
my charter confirmed Cell-uaiter-lamudin, Ballidubain, Balli-e-duibain, Balli-igiridir,
Balli-imoeluchain, Gualuehelach [or Ballychelach], Seirdach, Bali-ichcallach, Bali-
icorcain, and Iconligain-culata, together with their pertinences, for the honour of God
Almighty and St. Mary the Virgin, and St. Benedict, and the Holy Cross for the
salvation of my soul, and [the souls] of my parents — in fields, in woods, in pastures, in
meadows, in waters, in fisheries, in mills, fully, wholly, freely and quietly, to the monks
of Holy Cross, in the presence of the Lord Abbot Gregory.
Witnesses, Christian, Bishop of Lismore (Legate of the Holy See in Ireland).
Maurice, Archbishop of Cashel.
B., Bishop of Limerick,
and Donall MacMeic Cochagh, Roderick O'Grady, Gillpatrick Vaidelani, Dermot
Vaneill, Reginald MacMeic Cormac, Scanlan MacMeic Gorman. Farewell."
Prince John, apparently when, as a boy, he visited Ireland in 11 86,
confirmed this charter in the following words : —
" Know ye that for the love of God and for the salvation of my own and the souls
of my predecessors and successors I have granted and given, and by these presents
do grant and give to God and the Blessed Mary of the Holy Cross, and to the Cis-
tercian monks serving God there in free, pure, and perpetual alms, the under-written
lands, as fully and freely as Donald O'Brien gave and granted, and by this charter
confirmed to the etc."
In 1320 this charter was again confirmed by King Edward II. thus : —
" Edward, by the Grace of God King of England, Lord of Ireland, Duke of
Aquitain, to all to whom these presents shall come, greeting. Know ye that Brother
Thomas, Abbot of the Church of the Holy Cross, near Cashel, came into our Chancery
of Ireland the day of the Feast of Michael the Archangel, in the thirteenth year of our
reign at Cashel, and exhibited in our said Chancery a certain Charter not cancelled
nor in any respect vitiated under the seal of John, formerly Lord of Ireland and Earl of
Morton these lands [the same as are mentioned in Donald's charter]
I have given for the salvation of my soul and those of my predecessors and successors,
and for the souls of my soldiers who lie buried there I have also
granted that they shall be free from all mulcts in my courts for what cause soever
they shall be amerced, and also free from all toll whatever they shall sell and buy for
their own use throughout my land of Normandy, England, Wales and Ireland, and that
their lands be not put in pleven."
CISTERCIAN ABBEYS.
253
Edward III. and Richard II. also confirmed this charter. The Bene-
dictine rule was too severe to be fully observed by men except under the
influence of the strongest religious enthusiasm, it is not surprising there-
fore that at the time of the founding of Cistercium the Benedictine monks,
trusting in their historic fame, had become by no means an ascetic body ;
on the contrary they enjoyed themselves exceedingly well, and their
irreligious life brought their order rapidly into contempt, and it was
gradually supplanted by the Cistercians. Their most famous house in
England was Glastonbury in Somersetshire; from this house in 11 84
Kilcooley Abbey.
Philip de Worcester, lord justice of Ireland, imported a body of Benedic-
tines to a house he founded at Kilcomenty, in the diocese of Cashel and
Emly ; another body of them settled at Hore Abbey, and there is reason
to believe that they had also settled at Holy Cross. At any rate tradition
says the site of Holy Cross had been occupied by a cell or monastery
before the granting of Donald's charter, and this monastery had been
called " The cell or monastery of the eight lands," which is simply a
translation of the name of the first townland mentioned in the charter.
Four robbers once attacked this cell, and finding no treasure they con-
soled themselves by ridiculing the reported miraculous power of the
254 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
holiest of the two monks tlicy found there ; one of the robbers ordered
him to display his power by causing a huge tree " to touch the earth with
its bowed top ;" the hermit argued that he should not tempt God, but the
robber threatened death or obedience, whereupon the huge tree bowed
its crest to the earth ; the robbers thinking they would prevent it rising
again caught hold of it, but it rose lifting them up just as King Donald
appeared on the scene, who ordered the robber's hands to be cut off.
This incident forms the subject of the frontispiece of a book written by
a monk of the abbey in the seventeenth century, and preserved in the
college in Thurles ; the robbers hands are still clinging to the tree, while
they hobble maimed about the trunk. On whatever this legend may
have been founded, it gave a sanctity to the place which induced King
Donald to grant the site of the old cell to the now famous order of
Cistercians, while at the same time he bestowed upon the monks " a
piece of the true cross," said to have been given by the Pope to his
granduncle, King Murtogh, about the year mo. This relic, which was
very small, soon disappeared, but was replaced by a large double cross
of rough wood; which is still preserved in the Ursuline Convent at
Blackrock, county Cork, and of which some account may be seen in the
Journal^ vol. iii., p. 46. It is enshrined in a decorated reliquary on which
appear to be represented the symbols of the four evangelists, the cruci-
fied Redeemer, the Virgin and Child, and what may be the arms of
Butler and Burke to signify the maker of the reliquary. On account of
this relic pilgrimages were made from all parts of the country by all
classes to Holy Cross. It is marvellous how it escaped the iconoclasm
of the Reformation, for it was looked upon by the reformers as " that idol
whom the Irish nation more superstitiously reverence than all the other
idolatries in Ireland." Such was the popular reverence for it that for
more than a century after the lands of the abbey were granted to the
Earl of Ormonde, at a rent of 10s. 4d., the monks continued to be
maintained in the building apparently by the alms of the people.
The abbots of Holy Cross were earls of the county of Cross Tippe-
rary, and sat as barons in parliament. This leaning towards secular
employment was but one of the many indications that the Cistercians
like the Benedictines themselves, soon found the strict letter of the
Benedictine rule intolerable ; they stained their glass, frescoed their walls,
received grants of churches, and in other ways infringed on their rule.
In 1452 Holy Cross was granted Rathkellan vicarage by Archbishop
Cantwell, and in 1485 the vicarage of Glankeen, by Archbishop Creagh,
both in the diocese of Cashel, for Rathkellan is no doubt the small parish
of Rathkennon adjoining Holy Cross. The archbishop was prebend of
Glankeen, and appears to have frequently changed its impropriator, for
CISTERCIAN ABBEYS.
255
in the year 1269, when Archbishop David Maccarwill turned the Bene-
dictine monks out of Hore Abbey and placed therein Cistercians, he
granted Glankeen to them. Hore Abbey also enjoyed the livings of
Railstown and Lismolin in this diocese, and other spiritual as well as
temporal possessions, including several mills, the principal of which was
at Camas on the Suir ; their abbey, being in a low marsh near Cashel,
could have no mill immediately attached to it. In Kilcooley the land
about the abbey was almost as low, but, by forming a large lake, the
monks appear to have provided themselves with a fall of water and a
Hore Abbey.
fish-pond at the same time ; at Kilcooley, too, there is another structure
which seems to show how the monks took care to have fresh provisions;
it is a large beehive-like structure, about a hundred yards north-east of
the abbey, which was doubtless a pigeon or ice-house.
I will now turn to examine the ruins of our four monasteries. They,
so far as can be seen, bear a marked resemblance to each other, but
Holy Cross is by far the most elegant, interesting, and best preserved ;
they consist of a large church with central tower, nave, chancel, and
transepts, to the south of which lies the cloisters, into which open
the kitchen, refectory, chapter-house, and other monastic chambers.
256 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII/KOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
The beautiful east windows in the chancel and transept chapels of
Kilcooley certainly almost equal those of Holy Cross in elegance, but
the nave of the former abbey is a mere barn unadorned by the graceful
arcades separating off the side aisles ; however, there is little doubt that
Kilcooley formerly had this decoration. As for Abbey Owney, we can
say nothing of it, for it has almost entirely disappeared. Horc Abbey
has probably nothing particular about it, except perhaps that its east
window is not a combination but three separate lancet-lights. In Kil-
cooley there are some ancient monuments, for the preservation of one of
which the chancel is kept roofed ; there are also two one-seated sedilias,
one of which is handsomely ornamented and engraved above with two
escutcheons (Butler and ), but it is not to be compared to the triple
sedilia in the south wall of the chancel of Holy Cross. This is formed
by three gracefully carved lancet-arches, above which appear the arms of
England and France combined, also the arms of Butler (a chief indented),
and of Fitzgerald (a saltire between twelve ermine) ; above all is an
elaborate canopy. This was evidently intended to seat the three chief
persons in the abbey ; it is let into the wall about two feet, and appears
to have been frescoed at the back ; judging from the escutcheons it is
supposed to have been erected either by Eleanor, daughter of James second
Earl of Ormonde, and wife of Gerald fourth Earl of Desmond, who died
A.D. 1 392, or by Elizabeth, daughter of Gerald Earl of Kildare, first wife
of James fourth Earl of Ormonde. Tradition calls it "The tomb of the
good woman's son," and contains stories about a hole in a stone that was
once attached to the sedilia ; this hole was said to be caused by a mira-
culous dropping of water from the roof on account of an objectionable
person being buried there about the year 1584.
Another strange feature in the ruins of Holy Cross Abbey is what is
known as " The place where they waked the monks," it is between the
two little chapels in the south transept ; it consists of two arcades of
three arches, supported by twisted pillars resting on low walls; these
arcades are about three feet apart, and extend about seven feet out from
the wall ; the Holy Cross may have been kept here fastened to the wall
at the back and hidden by curtains ; it was exhibited to the public on
the patron days of the abbey — the 1st of May and the 1st of November.
The last great pilgrimage to Holy Cross took place in the year 1601,
when Hugh O'Neill came with his army into the south ; he left an em-
broidered cloth at the abbey, which is preserved in the college at Thurles
The last monk died in the abbey in 1724.
KANTURK CASTLE.
^57
V^anturH Castle, County Cork.
By M. T. KELLY.
EW districts are to be found in county Cork more
lovely than that through which the river Blackwater,
"swift Awniduff" of Spenser's stanza, flows in many
a winding loop, passing by mountains dark and
brown, or through meadows remarkable for fertility,
until, after its course of eighty miles from its spring-
head in the bogs of Kerry, it falls into the sea at
Youghal. Among its tributaries are two streams, the Alloa and the
Dualloa,(l) which on their way to the Blackwater meet in a wide vale,
surrounded by hills, rising in soft and pleasing outlines.
Close to " the meeting of" these waters is the small country town of
Kanturk, or Crann-tuirc, " the boar's head," so called in memory of an
animal of this species being killed there by some ancient chief. The
territory originally was in the possession of the McCarthys, the former
kings of Desmond, who contrived to preserve Kanturk until the seven-
teenth century.
About a mile from the town or village, a tiny tributary called the
Brogueen joins the Dualloa, and at the distance of two fields from this
rivulet stands Kanturk Castle, which was built (but never completed) in
the reign of Queen Elizabeth. This edifice, raised by an overbearing
and savage chieftain, Donough McCarthy, was built in a quadrangle,
three stories high (one hundred and twenty feet long by eighty in width),
of common brown stone, with the windows, mouldings and coigns of
dressed limestone. It went by the name of Carrig-na-Sliane-saor, or
" the rock of the court of the seven masons named John," owing to a
legend that seven masons employed there all happened to have the
same name, Shane or John, and that they were also forced by Donough
McCarthy to work without any wages. There was, besides, another
tradition that this brutal chief stopped all wayfarers and compelled them
to labour at his castle until they dropped down dead from fatigue and
starvation. Not satisfied even then, McCarthy caused the blood of these
poor victims to be mixed with the mortar used to cement the stones of
the building.
(OThe Duallo, or Oom Duala, signifies the " double stream," while Alloa means the
"echoing river." The land in the vicinity is excellent.— Smith's History of Cork, vol. i.
17
258 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCI MiOLOOICAL SOCIETY.
Ambitious that his castle should excel all others in the neighbour-
hood, McCarthy determined it should be roofed with glass, the works for
which were situated (wrote Mr. Windele) on the bank of the Broguccn.
So stately and massive was the appearance of the castle, with a fine
tower at each of its four angles, that McCarthy's heart swelled with
pride, and he sent one day for his step-brother, a Mc Auliffe, to hear what
he would say in its praise. This gentleman, who was troubled by the
uncanny faculty of " second sight," on his arrival gazed in silence at the
building, and on being impatiently pressed for his opinion, he replied
sententiously, " Tis too good for the crows to live in, and it will never
be finished."
The seer's words were verified, for the English settlers established on
the lands of Geraldines ruined by their great insurrection, became sus-
picious of Donough McCarthy's ulterior motives, and complained to the
Privy Council that the castle "was much too large for a subject,"
whereupon an order was sent to McCarthy to stop his work just as the
battlements were about to be raised. Unable to defy the Government,
Donough McCarthy in his furious disappointment gave orders that the
glass roof, then nearly ready, should be smashed in pieces and thrown
into the Brogueen. When Mr. Windele, in the early part of this century,
unable to gain admittance into the ruins, peered through a window at the
pointed arched doorway into one of the towers, he also observed the
existence of three very thriving rookeries within the precincts of the old
half-built castle.
During the rebellion of 1641, it is said, Donough McCarthy was
killed by O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone, and that his estate was seized by his
kinsman Dermod MacOwen McCarthy, who mortgaged the castle and
land of Kanturk to Sir Philip Perceval, and this Englishman in turn
obtained full possession at the time when the property was forfeited by
Dermod McCarthy for his participation in the rebellion.
However, there is another much more curious tradition respecting the
death of Donough McCarthy, who was a rough and most tyrannical
man, hated alike by his English and Irish neighbours. His step-
brother McAuliffe, the seer, besides foretelling the fate of the castle, had
also predicted that some day McCarthy would be shot dead, which was
rather a safe prophecy at a period when few, except monks and women,
died peaceably in their beds " after the victory of penance and unction,"
according to the quaint phraseology of the old annalists.
McCarthy consequently paid little attention to this prediction, and
he continued his usual mode of life, until one day he resolved to go to
Dublin. On reaching Ball's Bridge, outside the city, one of his horses
having cast a shoe, a smith who had his forge at that place was ordered
KANTURK CASTLE.
259
to shoe the horse afresh. The man pleaded that he had no iron, being
exceedingly poor, but McCarthy, falling into one of his diabolical rages,
swore that if there was no iron the smith should make the shoe out of
his own tongs. Much grieved at the prospect of losing such a necessary
implement, the smith suddenly recollected that he had in his possession
an old rusty gun-barrel, and going into the forge he put it upon the fire,
which he blew into a white heat, while McCarthy remained at the open
door watching the work. Higher and fiercer grew the fire, when a
Kanturk Castle.
sudden explosion occurred, alarming all who were present, and Donough
McCarthy was seen lying dead of a gunshot wound. The muzzle of the
old gun had been unwittingly pointed in his direction, and the fire
having heated the metal, a charge which had lain there unknown to the
smith had gone off, and thus in a most unexpected manner the prediction
of McAulifTe was fulfilled, and Munster was delivered from one of those
ferocious petty chieftains whose lawless proceedings inflicted so much
misery upon the country.
260 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
jMedals.
By ROBERT DAY, F.S.A.
Zhe Silver /liberal of the IRopal Sxish Constabulary
Obverse. — Within a spray of oak-leaves and shamrocks the Harp of Ireland crowned — above,
" Reward of Merit "; below, " Irish Constabulary."
Reverse. — A wreath of shamrock and laurel, and engraved in the centre: — " Presented by His
Excellency the Earl of Carlisle, as a reward for distinguished Police Service and Exemplary
Conduct, 22nd Novr., 1859."
Engraved upon the edge First Head Constable John Crowley."
HIS medal was pinned upon the recipient's breast by Lord Carlisle, when
Lord Leutenant of Ireland, at a full parade of the force in the Phcenix
Park, Dublin. Head Constable Crowley was for many years stationed in
Cork, and during the Young Ireland movement in 1848, and the disturbed
times that followed, rendered fearless and signal service to the State as a
Peace Officer of the Crown. Among other clever arrests, was that of Terence Bellew
McManus, who he made prisoner when attempting to embark in disguise for America.
This order of merit is of much rarity, as it is never issued except for signal acts of
bravery. It was conferred upon the late Head Constable Gale, of Cork, for arresting
Captain Mackey, otherwise Lomasney, who in the Fenian rising commanded the Cork
contingent, and who, when arrested, made a determined resistance, mortally wounding
one of the constables who accompanied Gale.
On the 6th of September, 1867, the following officers and men of the Royal Irish
Constabulary were presented with medals by the Lady Lieutenant, the Marchioness
of Abercorn : —
Sub-Inspector Robert Gardiner.
,, Dominick F. Burke.
Oliver Milling.
Head Constable Richard Adams.
Constable James O'Connell.
,, George Forsythe.
,, Patrick Derwan.
,, Martin Scarry.
A ninth was issued to Mounted Constable William Duggan, but he had been
severely wounded by the Fenians at Glenbeigh when conveying despatches, which he
refused to surrender, and was unable to be present. The services for which these
medals were granted to the several recipients are as follows : —
1. Sub-Inspector Robert Gardiner. In command at Drogheda, who, on the night of
the 5th of March, attacked and dispersed a large body of Fenian insurgents assem-
bled in that town, taking many prisoners and a considerable quantity of arms and
ammunition.
2. Sub-Inspector Dominick F. Burke. In command at Tallaght on the same night,
when the Fenian insurgents were defeated, many taken prisoners, and a large quantity
of arms and ammunition captured.
3. Sub-Inspector Oliver Milling, who proceeded on the morning of the 6th of March
from Kilfinane to Kilmallock, with a small body of constabulary to the relief of the
MEDALS.
26l
party attacked by the Fenians in the police barrack, and with them routed the
assailants.
4. Head Constable Richard Adams. In command of the party surrounded by the
Fenians in the barrack of Kilmallock, who sustained the attack during several hours
until relieved by Sub-Inspector Milling. £jo from the Government and ^50 private
subscriptions.
5. Constable^) James O'Connell. In command of the party who bravely defended
their barrack at Castlemartyr against a large body of armed Fenians, shooting their
leader, and putting the assailants to flight. £20 from Government and ^15 private
subscriptions.
Medal of the Royal Irish Constabulary.
6. Constable George Forsythe. In command at Ardagh, when an armed body of
Fenians attacked and fired into the barracks and broke open the door, the constabulary
within returned the fire, wounded one of the assailants, and compelled the whole to
fly. A chevron.
7. Constable Patrick Derwan. In command at Emly, when the constabulary resisted
a large party of armed insurgents, who fired into the barrack and threatened to burn it
if not surrendered. A chevron.
8. Constable Martin Scarry. In command at Gurlavoher, when the constabulary
repulsed a large body of armed insurgents, who surrounded the barrack, fired into it,
and demanded its surrender. A chevron.
9. Mounted Constable Duggan, who, on the night of the 13th of February, was
conveying official despatches, and was called upon near Glenbeigh by a large body of
insurgents to stop and deliver up those documents, which he refused to do, but pro-
ceeded with courage and fidelity on his journey, when he was fired at and severely
wounded and disabled.
(*) Up till 1883 "Constable" was equivalent to Sergeant, and "Acting-Constable" to Acting-
Sergeant.
262
cork HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
It was upon the occasion of the distribution of these medals, that Her Majesty
conferred on the force the title of the Royal Irish Constabulary, the official announce-
ment appearing in the Dublin Gazette of Friday, September 13th, 1867, in "General
Order, No. 51 " : —
" In recognition of the loyal and faithful services performed by the Constabulary of
Ireland during many years, Her Majesty the Queen has been graciously pleased to
command that the force shall from henceforth be designated ' The Royal Irish Consta-
bulary,' instead of 'The Constabulary of Ireland.'"
We hope in a future paper to complete the list of the recipients of this rare and
much-prized decoration.
% Silver /ifteoal of tbe Xosal Cork Volunteers of 1796.
NOTHER medal has recently been added to my collection of Volunteer
decorations, which is of local interest, as its recipient was enrolled among
the number of those who belonged to the " Loyal Cork." The device and
inscription are both engraved, and these are protected from wear and
injury by a chased and raised rim. Its obverse has the harp crowned,
between the letters "G. R.," and beneath is 1796, the date of the enrolment of the corps.
Under this and above the crown are two ribbons, upon which is the legend, " For our
King and Country." The reverse is inscribed —
' Loyal Cork Volunteers. Mr. John Stacey
Best Shot with ball, March 4th, 1798."
ROUND WALLED CORK.
263
T^ound Vailed Cork, jrom across the river.
By JOHN FITZGERALD, Council Member,
HERE are many interesting little stories which may be told of the ancient
buildings in connection with walled Cork, of which structures we possess
only the ruins, of some, only a few relics, and of others scarcely a memory.
Let us go round the map picture of old Corke, in the Pacata Hibemia —
but this time on the mainland, as we are done with the gates and flank-
ing towers. We start from the western end of what is now the North Mall, and we
shall go round east and south, and finish up with St. Marie's of the Isle. The Abbey
of St. Francis, or, as the Pacata calls it, Shandon Abbey, stood a little to the west of
what is now Messrs. Abbott's mineral water manufactory, and this is very easily
proved, for the holy well of St. Francis is on those very premises. It is a splendid
well, some five feet in diameter, with a never failing supply of pure crystal water,
which always remains about two feet deep. It is highly medicinal, resembling in its
taste the Mallow Spa, and many people still use it as cures for weak eyes, consump-
tion, and other ailments, the Messrs. Abbott ungrudgingly giving it to all that come
for it. There is a narrow little pathway round the well which leads into a room that
is like a crypt, for the end of it furthest from the well is formed by a solid rock of
red sandstone. A legend says that from here there is a subterranean passage leading
up to Garrane-na-brahair, " the brothers' grove," but the solid rock is an impassable
barrier ; but there is a very massive wall at an angle, which, if removed from the rock,
might verify the legend. Visitors are quite at liberty to see the well, but it is not as
easy now as when I called there first, for I had only to open a door and it was before
me ; some machinery works near it now. There are numerous vestiges of the abbey
back of the houses, and all along the district stone mullions, inscriptions, etc. The
late venerable James B. Duggan, superior of the Christian Brothers, told me " that
when they were building the monastery in Peacock Lane, some kind friend sent them
the rose stone of Shandon Abbey that it might be built into the house for good hick."
Mr. John Leonard, then superior, had it done, and you may see it any day in the wall
outside the kitchen door, bearing the rose and twisted ornament, and the date 1590.
The good luck has never left it; and you can see a picture of.it in the Journal, for
John P. Dalton (Council Member), in his " With Pen and Pencil Round Cork," had
that and two other stones of Shandon Abbey (which you may see for yourself in the
curve of Wise's distillery) illustrated.
In the last century there was a house and ferry where St. Vincent's Bridge stands ;
the house was known as the Lilac House, from a fine lilac tree that overshadowed it.
Goule's Weir (or whatever it is called now), across the river above the Lee Mills,
belonged, with the fishery thereof, to the monks of Shandon Abbey in times long past.
The Dole House belonging to the abbey stood to the east of North Abbey Square
where the lane runs up to the rock steps, and it was the place where the monks doled
out charity in food or clothing to the poor. It had a little stream from the river lead-
ing to a water-gate of its own, but I know of nothing of interest in connection with it,
though I know that some of the silver vessels of the abbey are still in existence.
Goul-na-spurra, " the centre of the spur," did not form an ornament to our city at that
time ; it was once a very narrow place for the mail coach to Dublin to pass through ; it
264 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCII/KOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
is open and airy now, and is the happy hunting ground where our city bands hunt
each other on festive occasions. It led in old times up to Shandon Castle and Lord
Harry's countric, and I have something to tell about it. I remember when I was a
child toiling up a break-neck flight of steps that led up to Dominic Street from a lane
on Pope's Quay. There was at least one hundred of them, and in old times they led
up to Shandon Castle. You may look in vain for the "Giant's Steps," as they were
called, for a very minor builder, whose name rhymes with Twiss, removed them for
some purpose of his own —
" So the legend runneth, so the old man tells."
I knew Twiss myself, and he was not a bit above doing a little job of that kind.
Go up to the Firkin Crane, and go down a passage opposite its gate, in Dominic
Street, and go through a door which leads to a little terrace, look over the wall inside
the door and you will see the rough incline where stood the Giant's Steps, and you
will see a very fine view of the south of the city, which was never photographed. By
the way, was it the abbey gave its name to the castle, or vice versa ? for shan, "old,"
and dun, "a fort," makes the name, or where was the old fort itself? We have St.
Mary's Shandon (North Cathedral), St. Mary's Shandon (Shandon Steeple), St. Mary's
(Pope's Quay), and St. Marie's of the Isle, of which I will tell you later on, as there is
nothing more of interest in the north in connection with the map of the Pacata.
Cross the ferry and we go south to the Red Abbey. St. Austen's, or Augustine's,
called the Red Abbey from the colour of the friars' gowns, was a place of great note in
the olden times, for its grounds extended up to Friar's Walk, and its rights to the strand
of the river, including fisheries. Its square tower still braves the driving rain and the
howling blast, and will do so for another century at least if not meddled with. The
district, it might be said, was all consecrated ground, for the House of the Knights
Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem was but a short distance south-east from the
abbey, and it may be supposed that the monks acted as chaplains and spiritual
advisers to the good knights ; their lands joined and they lived together in brotherly
harmony. Not one stone remains of St. John of Jerusalem's Hospital. An old grave-
yard at the back of the houses at the south side of Douglas Street, and called St.
John's, is all that now remains in memory of the Knights Hospitallers. I was at a
funeral at the old place when I was a small boy, and the memory of it remained with
me, for I took a liking to the quaint old place, and in after years I often stood looking
through the bars of a little iron gate which was the entrance to it, and wished I could
get into it again. There are several priests buried there, but the place is almost a
common now, for you can get into it from any of the houses in front of it. There is a
little stone-mullioned window as a grave mark, and it is placed upside down and
stands over the earth like the letter U, and it is the only mark or token of the religious
house of which it formed a part. I was with C. G. Doran, architect (Council Member),
about two years ago, and while we were exploring the place a working man came up
to us and said " he was paid a small sum yearly for taking care of it, as the owner did
not want it preserved, and she would rather all the stones were removed." The head-
stone of a Cork soldier is the great attraction of the place, for the inscription on the
stone above him records that he took part in every battle of the Peninsular War
except that of Waterloo. It does not say why ; it was too much for him perhaps, and
though the names of all the battle-fields are recorded, he left his bones in his native
city. The entrance gate of Cat Fort is in Hospital Lane, and I think the name of the
lane comes from the hospital of the good knights. The escape of Lady Fanshawe
from the Red Abbey is a romantic story of the place, but she did not escape from the
abbey, but from the city; for, like a valiant woman as she was, she made her way
ROUND WALLED CORK.
265
hrough the South Gate "through hundreds of naked swords" on the night of the
siege, and at the Town Cross (centre of North Main Street) she got a "pass" from
the general in command, by means of which, in a cart, she and her children got safely
to her husband at Kinsale. There was near being a more romantic and tragic story
in connection with the abbey tower some years ago, but as it was frustrated it need
not be told. There was an important discovery made not long ago, for a restless
horse poked his foot through the ground of a yard in Cove Street belonging to Mr.
John Sisk, builder. • On investigation it was found that underground passages and
brick arches nine feet high communicated with the Red Abbey. They were filled
with dry rubbish, like earth, and I went to see them with Captain Hutson, of the fire
brigade. The first antiquity I poked out of the rubbish was a rusty tin teapot with
a hole in the bottom, through which was forced a bit of leather to stop a leak. But it
was an important clue, for it proved that the passages communicated with sewers or
open places on higher ground, such as Abbey Street, and useless articles thrown into
them were forced forward by the overweight of tons of rubbish hundreds of yards
from where they were thrown in, showing that the old woman's rusty teapot was an
important archaeological link in showing from where and to where the passages led
out. A dog ran barking after a rat through a passage leading towards the Red Abbey,
and though he got safely home to his master, it was not by the way he went, and, of
course, he could give no information. Several theories were broached : they were the
haunt of smugglers in the old times (they were well suited for that purpose) ; they were
wine vaults ; they were many other things. But I hold they were the usual mortuary
vaults of the abbey, for there were cartloads of bones removed, but no skulls. There
are similar brick arches under the surface of French's Bog, and who can say who was
the lunatic that had them for wine vaults. Mr. Sisk could not keep his yard open
until it was decided whether it was "Tweedle-dum" or "Tweedle-dee," so he closed the
passages all but one arch, which he concreted and made a tank of. There are other
buildings shown in the Pacata between the Red Abbey and the South Gate, but I
know nothing of what they were.
We pass Elizabeth Fort ere we come to St. Dominic's Mill. I was only once in
that fort, and then it was to show it to the popular American Consul, General J. J. Piatt.
There is a very fine view of the north of the city from the ramparts, and a melancholy
legend of some prisoner who made a rope of his bedclothes and tried to escape from
that spot. But the rope was too short and he had to drop, and was retaken fearfully
injured and died in prison. There was a quaint little headstone in the graveyard of
old Sinbarry's which bore this inscription : —
here lyes a branch
of desmond's race
in thos. Holland's
burying place.
I720.
This unlucky Geraldine, I think, who tried to escape.
Next is St. Dominic's Mill in the same spot, with its wheel across the same stream
shown in the map. There is an entry in Tuckey's Cork Remembrancer v — "In making
some alterations in St. Dominic's Mill in Crosse's Green, the workmen employed came
across the stone coffin of Falvey Foin, Admiral of Munster, which was embedded in
the wall. They carefully had it removed, and the courteous proprietor of the mill,
Mr. Keeffe O'Keeffe, presented it to the Dominican Friars, St. Mary's, Pope's Quay."
I went many times to see that coffin, and never did. I asked all the priests, including
our Rev. Council Member Father Dwyer, and they neither knew nor heard of it.
266 CORK HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
Then I interviewed John Burke, l)iitler or something to the friars, but with the same
result — failure. "What sort of a thing is it at all, Mr. Fitz ?" asked John. I described
what I thought the admiral's coffin was. "Oh, I have it for you, for as sure as I live
it is that stone affair at the end of the garden. Come along." I went with him to the
end of the garden, and he hadn't it for me; for as sure as he lived the stone affair he
showed me was not the admiral's coffin, but the cut limestone capping of a very large
gate pier. I can tell you no more about it ; but Tuckey took his entry from the Cork
papers of the date, and I — well, I gave up the coffin as we give up a conundrum.
I have many pleasant memories of St. Dominic's Mill, for I was allowed to keep my
boat in its stream when I was growing up ; but there is no fun allowed in the Journal.
Now for St. Marie's of the Isle, and first come round it and see it is an island
still. Start from this old bridge, which is on the same site as the one in the Pacata.
Come west by Hall's Mill, its present name, and the stream is under the pathway
you are on. Turn down this passage opposite the churchyard, and you are stopped
by the stream washing the back wall of the Convent of Mercy, then look east and
you see the big water-wheel across the stream. Look west and you see a little
bridge that the stream flows under, come back along westward under the church
(St. Fin Barre's) and round past Arnott's brewery, stop at this little bridge between
the brewery and the Sisters of Mercy's female school. The bridge is the one
you saw from the mill stream, and now look to the west over the bridge and you
will see that the stream runs past the back of Bishop Meade's palace. Part of it goes
by St. Dominic's Mill, another branch of it flows into the South Channel between the
Island House and the Bishop's Marsh, now the Cork and Muskerry Railway, round
past Clarke's Bridge and Crosse's Green until you reach the bridge you started from
(opposite Keyser's Hill), and you have passed round the whole island. As we pass
St. Fin Barre's again, I may remark that the Watch Tower, with a ladder going up to
it (as shown in the map) is also shown on the great silver "Monstrance," belonging
at one time to the old church, which is also shown. I am quite sure, for I had the
Monstrance in my hands, and made a drawing of it for the Kilkenny Archaeological
Journal. Saint Fin Barre is also engraved on it, and he has the stigma on his hands
and feet. Council Member Rev. P. Hurley, now P.P. Inchigeela, had charge of it at
the time.
There are many little stories in connection with the old St. Marie's of the Isle.
Here is one known but to few. When the ruins of the ancient building were
removed they fell into the possession of the Cork Corporation, and lay for many years
in a yard adjoining the Lancasterian Schools. Commendatore John Delany built his
new house and workshops on that very ground. As time went on the O. P. Friars of
St. Mary's, on Pope's Quay, were building their new priory, and money was scarce and
building materials expensive. One winter night the good prior of the place, who is
now dead, was troubled about many things for the new building, and sent a messenger
up to Blarney Lane for a young man, a friend of his. He came, and the old priest
said to him : "William, I want you to do me a good turn." " It is done, Father Bat, if
it is in my power." "I think it is. You are Secretary of Committees, and popular
with the Corporation. I want those stones of St. Marie's of the Isle that are lying
useless in their yard, but I cannot afford to pay more than sixty or seventy pound 
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